M. Mardani-Kivi, Ehsan Kazemnejad Leili, Somaye Esnaashari, K. Hashemi-Motlagh, Zoleikha Azari
Background: To investigate the therapeutic effects of PRP injection + conservative treatment as the intervention group versus normal saline injection + conservative treatment as the control group. Objectives: This study we determined the effects of underlying factors, including age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI), on the therapeutic effects of PRP. Methods: In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with grade 2 knee OA with an age of 40 - 65 years were enrolled. In the intervention group, leukocyte-poor PRP with double spinning, and in the control group, normal saline was injected with a similar protocol. All patients in both groups were also provided with a conservative protocol, including oral celecoxib 100 mg BID for four weeks, modifying physical activity, and 15 sessions of physiotherapy. Results: Demographic characteristics (age, gender, and BMI) and pre-treatment scores were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The WOMAC score was improved from pre-treatment to first week post-treatment in both groups (from 54.89 ± 3.4 to 64.9 ± 3.7 in the intervention group and from 53.7 ± 3.1 to 63.8 ± 3.9 in the control group). It means that PRP + conservative treatment was effective, similar to normal saline + conservative treatment. After adjusting BMI as an underlying variable, it was indicated that in the patients with lower BMI, PRP + conservative provided a better outcome in comparison to saline + conservative treatment (P = 0.014 and P = 0.019, respectively). Also, the comparison of functional scores changes with age as an underlying variable, demonstrating that younger cases obtained a better response from PRP + conservative rather than normal saline + conservative (P = 0.012 and P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: PRP seems to be an appropriate choice for treatment of moderate osteoarthritis, especially in younger patients and those with lower BMI.
{"title":"Relationship Between the Underlying Factors and the Treatment Results of Platelet-Rich Plasm (PRP) Injection in Degenerative Knee Disease; A Blinded Randomized Study","authors":"M. Mardani-Kivi, Ehsan Kazemnejad Leili, Somaye Esnaashari, K. Hashemi-Motlagh, Zoleikha Azari","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-120485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-120485","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To investigate the therapeutic effects of PRP injection + conservative treatment as the intervention group versus normal saline injection + conservative treatment as the control group. Objectives: This study we determined the effects of underlying factors, including age, gender, and Body Mass Index (BMI), on the therapeutic effects of PRP. Methods: In this single-blinded randomized clinical trial, 60 patients with grade 2 knee OA with an age of 40 - 65 years were enrolled. In the intervention group, leukocyte-poor PRP with double spinning, and in the control group, normal saline was injected with a similar protocol. All patients in both groups were also provided with a conservative protocol, including oral celecoxib 100 mg BID for four weeks, modifying physical activity, and 15 sessions of physiotherapy. Results: Demographic characteristics (age, gender, and BMI) and pre-treatment scores were similar between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The WOMAC score was improved from pre-treatment to first week post-treatment in both groups (from 54.89 ± 3.4 to 64.9 ± 3.7 in the intervention group and from 53.7 ± 3.1 to 63.8 ± 3.9 in the control group). It means that PRP + conservative treatment was effective, similar to normal saline + conservative treatment. After adjusting BMI as an underlying variable, it was indicated that in the patients with lower BMI, PRP + conservative provided a better outcome in comparison to saline + conservative treatment (P = 0.014 and P = 0.019, respectively). Also, the comparison of functional scores changes with age as an underlying variable, demonstrating that younger cases obtained a better response from PRP + conservative rather than normal saline + conservative (P = 0.012 and P = 0.007, respectively). Conclusions: PRP seems to be an appropriate choice for treatment of moderate osteoarthritis, especially in younger patients and those with lower BMI.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47767504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thabile Sneyimani, Musa Mathenjwa, Lourens Millard, Gerrit Jan Breukelman
Context: Field hockey is a very technical and tactical sport, requiring immense levels of visual concentration on moving and stationary targets, which can improve visual and team performance. However, in literature, this area of specialty remains underutilized, with most studies seeking to improve physical and physiological performance. Essential visual skills cannot only be attributed to field hockey but to other ball-playing sports and activities of daily living, which allow humans to coexist. The essential visual skills reduce the propensity of making poor decisions, ill preparations, and the exclusion of potent and capable players. Objectives: This review novelly aims to not only compile a comprehensive list of essential visual skills for field hockey players but also to create a starting point for future studies to add to this list, to aid in player talent identification, and eventually create sport-specific visual exercise programs and testing batteries. Discussion: The skills identified in this review preface a platform for human performance professionals to include in their training regimens, with an intent to maximize performance and talent identification and to aid in the formulation of visuospatial test batteries. Even though this list is comprehensive, this is only a starting point for future research to find more visual skills that are essential to field hockey, as well as provide the opportunity to develop the performance of the visual skills of these athletes in ways that have not been done before.
{"title":"A Review of the Essential Visual Skills Required for Field Hockey: Beyond 20-20 Optometry","authors":"Thabile Sneyimani, Musa Mathenjwa, Lourens Millard, Gerrit Jan Breukelman","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-126591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-126591","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Field hockey is a very technical and tactical sport, requiring immense levels of visual concentration on moving and stationary targets, which can improve visual and team performance. However, in literature, this area of specialty remains underutilized, with most studies seeking to improve physical and physiological performance. Essential visual skills cannot only be attributed to field hockey but to other ball-playing sports and activities of daily living, which allow humans to coexist. The essential visual skills reduce the propensity of making poor decisions, ill preparations, and the exclusion of potent and capable players. Objectives: This review novelly aims to not only compile a comprehensive list of essential visual skills for field hockey players but also to create a starting point for future studies to add to this list, to aid in player talent identification, and eventually create sport-specific visual exercise programs and testing batteries. Discussion: The skills identified in this review preface a platform for human performance professionals to include in their training regimens, with an intent to maximize performance and talent identification and to aid in the formulation of visuospatial test batteries. Even though this list is comprehensive, this is only a starting point for future research to find more visual skills that are essential to field hockey, as well as provide the opportunity to develop the performance of the visual skills of these athletes in ways that have not been done before.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46370349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019, medical face masks were widely recommended for large numbers of people and for long periods of time. The effect of wearing surgical and N95 face masks during long-term high-intensity interval training on the cardiac autonomic system has not been reported. Methods: Eighteen healthy men were randomly divided into three groups (surgical mask, N95 mask, and no mask) and performed high-intensity interval training with (80-90%-heart rate max) intensity three times a week, three repetitions in a session for four weeks. Heart rate variability parameters were evaluated with an electrocardiogram device and Kubius software. The R-R interval was recorded for 5 minutes in a sitting position in the pre-and post-modified Bruce test before and after four weeks of interval training to extract parasympathetic (RMSSD, HF, SD1), sympathetic indices (LF, LF/HF) and RR mean. We used the two-way ANOVA test and the Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: In all groups, four-week functional HIIT exercises increased the resting parasympathetic indices (RMSSD, SD1) compared to baseline levels. This increase was more evident in the N95 mask group than in the surgical mask group. In addition, the five-minute recovery of the cardiac autonomic system after a modified Bruce test following functional HIIT exercise increased parasympathetic tone (RMSSD, HFn.u) in all groups compared to baseline levels. Therefore, a four-week adaptation to HIIT exercises leads to faster recovery of sympathetic indices (LFn.u, LF/HF) in the Nomask group, as compared to the surgical and N95 groups. Despite the above, there was no significant difference in the recovery and resting values of cardiac autonomic system indices between the two types of surgical masks and N95 compared to the control group (No mask). Conclusions: Four weeks of high-intensity interval training using surgical and N95 face masks improved the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This data is important for recommending the use of face masks during physical activity.
{"title":"Response and Adaptation of the Cardiac Autonomic System to Functional High-intensity Interval Training with Respiratory Facemasks: Impacts of the Training Period and Facemask Modality During a COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Masoumeh Fallah, V. Dabidi Roshan, K. Nasiri","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-130134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-130134","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in 2019, medical face masks were widely recommended for large numbers of people and for long periods of time. The effect of wearing surgical and N95 face masks during long-term high-intensity interval training on the cardiac autonomic system has not been reported. Methods: Eighteen healthy men were randomly divided into three groups (surgical mask, N95 mask, and no mask) and performed high-intensity interval training with (80-90%-heart rate max) intensity three times a week, three repetitions in a session for four weeks. Heart rate variability parameters were evaluated with an electrocardiogram device and Kubius software. The R-R interval was recorded for 5 minutes in a sitting position in the pre-and post-modified Bruce test before and after four weeks of interval training to extract parasympathetic (RMSSD, HF, SD1), sympathetic indices (LF, LF/HF) and RR mean. We used the two-way ANOVA test and the Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: In all groups, four-week functional HIIT exercises increased the resting parasympathetic indices (RMSSD, SD1) compared to baseline levels. This increase was more evident in the N95 mask group than in the surgical mask group. In addition, the five-minute recovery of the cardiac autonomic system after a modified Bruce test following functional HIIT exercise increased parasympathetic tone (RMSSD, HFn.u) in all groups compared to baseline levels. Therefore, a four-week adaptation to HIIT exercises leads to faster recovery of sympathetic indices (LFn.u, LF/HF) in the Nomask group, as compared to the surgical and N95 groups. Despite the above, there was no significant difference in the recovery and resting values of cardiac autonomic system indices between the two types of surgical masks and N95 compared to the control group (No mask). Conclusions: Four weeks of high-intensity interval training using surgical and N95 face masks improved the cardiac autonomic nervous system. This data is important for recommending the use of face masks during physical activity.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42142577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shota Enoki, R. Kuramochi, Koichi Nakayama, H. Takigawa
Background: Large maximum hip flexion and extension range of motion is considered effective in preventing injury in pole vaulters. Nonetheless, whether the improvement in hip flexion and extension range of motion changes their hip joint angle during pole vaulting remains unclear. Objectives: The present study aimed to clarify the acute effects of intervention for hip flexion and extension range of motion in pole vaulters on the maximum hip joint angle during pole vaulting. Methods: Seventeen male pole vaulters who underwent the same intervention for hip range of motion were included. The maximum hip joint angle during the pole vault from the touchdown of the last step of the run-up to the pole straightening was calculated from videos taken pre- and post-intervention and was subsequently compared. The pole vaulters cleared bungee bars that were set at the height of 90% of their personal best record. Three types of self-massages were used to improve the hip flexion and extension range of motion, and an active straight leg raise exercise was also performed. All intervention programs were completed in approximately 25 min on an experimental day, and all interventions were monitored by the examiner. Results: No significant improvements were observed between pre and post-intervention hip range of motion. The magnitude of change in the range of motion of active hip flexion was significantly correlated with the magnitude of change in the maximum hip flexion angle during pole vaulting pre-and post-intervention (P = 0.002, r = 0.687). Conclusions: Athletes should find ways to improve their active range of motion to prevent injuries and improve their performance. Coaches and athletic trainers should adopt an active range of motion as an indicator to control athlete conditioning.
背景:在撑杆跳运动员中，髋部最大屈曲和伸展运动范围被认为是有效防止受伤的。然而，髋屈曲和伸展运动范围的改善是否会改变撑杆跳时的髋关节角度尚不清楚。目的:本研究旨在阐明撑杆跳运动员髋关节屈曲和伸展运动范围的干预对撑杆跳时髋关节最大角度的急性影响。方法:17名男性撑杆跳运动员接受相同髋关节活动范围干预。从撑杆跳前助跑最后一步触地到撑杆跳直的最大髋关节角度是根据干预前和干预后拍摄的视频计算出来的，并随后进行比较。撑杆跳高运动员越过了弹跳杆，弹跳高度是他们个人最好纪录的90%。三种类型的自我按摩被用于改善髋关节屈曲和伸展运动范围，并进行了主动直腿抬高运动。所有干预方案在实验当天大约25分钟内完成，所有干预均由审查员监控。结果:干预前后髋关节活动范围无明显改善。干预前后撑杆跳时主动髋屈曲活动范围变化幅度与最大髋屈曲角度变化幅度显著相关(P = 0.002, r = 0.687)。结论:运动员应设法提高活动活动度，预防损伤，提高运动成绩。教练员和运动训练员应采用主动活动度作为控制运动员状态的指标。
{"title":"Acute Effect of Improved Hip Range of Motion on Maximum Hip Angle in Pole Vaulting: A Pilot Study","authors":"Shota Enoki, R. Kuramochi, Koichi Nakayama, H. Takigawa","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-124582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-124582","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Large maximum hip flexion and extension range of motion is considered effective in preventing injury in pole vaulters. Nonetheless, whether the improvement in hip flexion and extension range of motion changes their hip joint angle during pole vaulting remains unclear. Objectives: The present study aimed to clarify the acute effects of intervention for hip flexion and extension range of motion in pole vaulters on the maximum hip joint angle during pole vaulting. Methods: Seventeen male pole vaulters who underwent the same intervention for hip range of motion were included. The maximum hip joint angle during the pole vault from the touchdown of the last step of the run-up to the pole straightening was calculated from videos taken pre- and post-intervention and was subsequently compared. The pole vaulters cleared bungee bars that were set at the height of 90% of their personal best record. Three types of self-massages were used to improve the hip flexion and extension range of motion, and an active straight leg raise exercise was also performed. All intervention programs were completed in approximately 25 min on an experimental day, and all interventions were monitored by the examiner. Results: No significant improvements were observed between pre and post-intervention hip range of motion. The magnitude of change in the range of motion of active hip flexion was significantly correlated with the magnitude of change in the maximum hip flexion angle during pole vaulting pre-and post-intervention (P = 0.002, r = 0.687). Conclusions: Athletes should find ways to improve their active range of motion to prevent injuries and improve their performance. Coaches and athletic trainers should adopt an active range of motion as an indicator to control athlete conditioning.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48507704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Previous studies have shown that aerobic activity is inversely related to MS symptoms and may be restorative and possibly protective. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) protocols and aerobic exercise on functional fitness as well as the cognitive aspect of female patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: This quasi-experimental and applied clinical trial study consisted of all patients with MS registered in an MS clinic. Among eligible individuals, 30 female RRMS patients were randomly and equally divided into three groups high-intensity functional training (n = 10); aerobic exercise (n = 10), and control group (n = 10). The forearm test, the 30-second standing test, and single leg stance test (SLST), The Timed Up and Go (TUG), expanded disability status scale (EDSS) were performed to assess physical factors as well as the 21-DAS questionnaire to assess cognitive aspects. Results: This study showed a meaningful difference between the intervention groups and the control group (P < 0.05), in the level of power in the upper body (P = 0.001), Lower torso strength (P = 0.001), Static balance (P = 0.001), Dynamic balance (P = 0.001). the psychological and behavioral components. Conclusions: Present study suggests that aerobic exercise and HIFT in women with MS can improve and further enhance physical function plus psychological and behavioral factors.
{"title":"Comparing Two Protocols of Exercise on Physical Fitness and Psychological Factors of Mild to Moderate Multiple Sclerosis Patients","authors":"P. Pasha, Ziya Fallah Mohammadi, M. Baghbanian","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-127947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-127947","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Previous studies have shown that aerobic activity is inversely related to MS symptoms and may be restorative and possibly protective. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) protocols and aerobic exercise on functional fitness as well as the cognitive aspect of female patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: This quasi-experimental and applied clinical trial study consisted of all patients with MS registered in an MS clinic. Among eligible individuals, 30 female RRMS patients were randomly and equally divided into three groups high-intensity functional training (n = 10); aerobic exercise (n = 10), and control group (n = 10). The forearm test, the 30-second standing test, and single leg stance test (SLST), The Timed Up and Go (TUG), expanded disability status scale (EDSS) were performed to assess physical factors as well as the 21-DAS questionnaire to assess cognitive aspects. Results: This study showed a meaningful difference between the intervention groups and the control group (P < 0.05), in the level of power in the upper body (P = 0.001), Lower torso strength (P = 0.001), Static balance (P = 0.001), Dynamic balance (P = 0.001). the psychological and behavioral components. Conclusions: Present study suggests that aerobic exercise and HIFT in women with MS can improve and further enhance physical function plus psychological and behavioral factors.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42765772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Context: Athletes have routine activity programs, and better physical health is expected among them. There is limited information about the connection between athletes' injuries during sports activity and their future health status. Objectives: The prevalence of spine changes related to sports activities and what risk factors were associated with these events in athletes. Method: SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science were used for article searching. Results: Sports injuries in sports happen frequently. Our data is limited to introducing sports with the highest risk of injury. A history of sports injury, an intense training program, and years of sports activities are factors predicting injury. It has been seen that former top male athletes have more activity than age-matched control individuals. Conclusions: Spinal injury management in athletes needs a proper diagnosis, work-up, and complex rehabilitation plans; otherwise, it can lead to spinal complaints in the future. Rest, appropriate analgesia, and rehabilitation are the three main primary treatments. The usage of orthoses is not recommended for these injuries in general.
背景：运动员有常规的活动项目，人们期望他们有更好的身体健康。关于运动员在体育活动中的受伤与他们未来的健康状况之间的联系，信息有限。目的：在运动员中，与体育活动相关的脊柱变化的发生率以及与这些活动相关的风险因素。方法：采用SCOPUS、EMBASE和Web of Science进行文献检索。结果：运动损伤在体育运动中频繁发生。我们的数据仅限于介绍受伤风险最高的运动。运动损伤史、高强度训练计划和多年的运动活动是预测损伤的因素。已经发现，前顶级男运动员比年龄匹配的对照组有更多的活动。结论：运动员的脊髓损伤管理需要正确的诊断、检查和复杂的康复计划；否则，将来可能会导致脊椎疾病。休息、适当的镇痛和康复是三种主要的主要治疗方法。对于这些损伤，一般不建议使用矫形器。
{"title":"Management of Spine-Related Problems Following Sport Injuries: A Review Article","authors":"Faramarz Roohollahi","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-132693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-132693","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Athletes have routine activity programs, and better physical health is expected among them. There is limited information about the connection between athletes' injuries during sports activity and their future health status. Objectives: The prevalence of spine changes related to sports activities and what risk factors were associated with these events in athletes. Method: SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science were used for article searching. Results: Sports injuries in sports happen frequently. Our data is limited to introducing sports with the highest risk of injury. A history of sports injury, an intense training program, and years of sports activities are factors predicting injury. It has been seen that former top male athletes have more activity than age-matched control individuals. Conclusions: Spinal injury management in athletes needs a proper diagnosis, work-up, and complex rehabilitation plans; otherwise, it can lead to spinal complaints in the future. Rest, appropriate analgesia, and rehabilitation are the three main primary treatments. The usage of orthoses is not recommended for these injuries in general.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42892542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The present study investigated sports knowledge, attitude, and practice in adolescent athletes in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Data were collected using the Sports Nutritional Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors questionnaire (SNKABQ), completed by 174 high school students in Tehran aged 15 - 18 years (85 females and 89 males). The original version of SNKABQ was designed in English and, in this study, was translated into Persian and adapted to the Iranian nutritional culture. The SNKABQ has devoted five sections: Demographic information, eating and drinking habits, attitudes toward nutrition, knowledge of nutrition, and resource nutritional information. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean total score was 59%, while the mean scores of 66%, 63.4%, and 48.71% were recorded for sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the sports nutrition knowledge and attitude between the male and female students (P ≥ 0.05). However, the male students selected more appropriate feeding methods than the females (P = 0.009). In addition, school area and sports type affected the level of sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and selection of proper nutritional behaviors. Conclusions: According to the results, the adolescent athletes aged 15 - 18 years in Tehran do not have sufficient sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, or if they have some correct expertise in some parts, they usually cannot apply their information. Therefore, it is suggested that effective measures be taken to increase the nutritional knowledge of adolescent athletes to maintain their health, ensure their growth, and facilitate their athletic progress.
{"title":"Sports Nutritional Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Adolescent Athletes in Tehran, Iran","authors":"F. Ahmadi, Mohsen Ebrahimi, V. Kashani","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-131584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-131584","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study investigated sports knowledge, attitude, and practice in adolescent athletes in Tehran, Iran. Methods: Data were collected using the Sports Nutritional Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors questionnaire (SNKABQ), completed by 174 high school students in Tehran aged 15 - 18 years (85 females and 89 males). The original version of SNKABQ was designed in English and, in this study, was translated into Persian and adapted to the Iranian nutritional culture. The SNKABQ has devoted five sections: Demographic information, eating and drinking habits, attitudes toward nutrition, knowledge of nutrition, and resource nutritional information. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: The mean total score was 59%, while the mean scores of 66%, 63.4%, and 48.71% were recorded for sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. No significant differences were observed in the sports nutrition knowledge and attitude between the male and female students (P ≥ 0.05). However, the male students selected more appropriate feeding methods than the females (P = 0.009). In addition, school area and sports type affected the level of sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and selection of proper nutritional behaviors. Conclusions: According to the results, the adolescent athletes aged 15 - 18 years in Tehran do not have sufficient sports nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice, or if they have some correct expertise in some parts, they usually cannot apply their information. Therefore, it is suggested that effective measures be taken to increase the nutritional knowledge of adolescent athletes to maintain their health, ensure their growth, and facilitate their athletic progress.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44184116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao Zhou, K. Imai, Xiaoxuan Liu, Zhuo-hong Chen, E. Watanabe
Background: Shoulder pain which affects sports performance and activities of daily life, is a common musculoskeletal problem experienced by badminton players. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the association of shoulder pain with physical fitness in elite university badminton players participating in the national tournament via medical check-ups. Methods: Physical fitness evaluations were performed among fifty-two 18 - 22 years old university badminton players participating in the national tournament. Handgrip strength, heel buttock distance, angle of straight leg raise, single leg stance, shoulder range of motion, and trunk range of motion were assessed. The prevalence of present shoulder pain was described. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of present shoulder pain with physical fitness. Results: Sixteen badminton players (30.8%) sustained present shoulder pain related to badminton. Dominant trunk rotation (adjusted OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84 - 0.99, P-value = 0.028) and single leg stance of the nondominant leg (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94 - 1.00, P-value = 0.048) were significantly associated with the presence of present shoulder pain. Conclusions: Decreased trunk rotation and deficit in single-leg stance balance might be potential risk factors associated with physical fitness for shoulder pain in university badminton players at national tournament level. These findings can help draw the attention of badminton coaches, players, and team members to facilitate physical fitness promotion for badminton pain/injury prevention.
{"title":"Assessing the Association of Shoulder Pain Risk with Physical Fitness in Badminton Players at National Tournament Level","authors":"Xiao Zhou, K. Imai, Xiaoxuan Liu, Zhuo-hong Chen, E. Watanabe","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-129916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-129916","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Shoulder pain which affects sports performance and activities of daily life, is a common musculoskeletal problem experienced by badminton players. Objectives: This study aimed to identify the association of shoulder pain with physical fitness in elite university badminton players participating in the national tournament via medical check-ups. Methods: Physical fitness evaluations were performed among fifty-two 18 - 22 years old university badminton players participating in the national tournament. Handgrip strength, heel buttock distance, angle of straight leg raise, single leg stance, shoulder range of motion, and trunk range of motion were assessed. The prevalence of present shoulder pain was described. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association of present shoulder pain with physical fitness. Results: Sixteen badminton players (30.8%) sustained present shoulder pain related to badminton. Dominant trunk rotation (adjusted OR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.84 - 0.99, P-value = 0.028) and single leg stance of the nondominant leg (adjusted OR: 0.97, 95% CI: 0.94 - 1.00, P-value = 0.048) were significantly associated with the presence of present shoulder pain. Conclusions: Decreased trunk rotation and deficit in single-leg stance balance might be potential risk factors associated with physical fitness for shoulder pain in university badminton players at national tournament level. These findings can help draw the attention of badminton coaches, players, and team members to facilitate physical fitness promotion for badminton pain/injury prevention.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45367698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seyed Ali Abbassi Khaboushan, N. Khoshraftar Yazdi, Zahra Moein Afshar
Background: Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occur when athletes land in high risk positions such as knee valgus. The impact of foot orthoses during exercises that recreate a non-contact ACL harm system (i.e., landing) in any case will be obscured. Objectives: The purpose of the current study research was to evaluate the effect of two foot orthoses (semi-hard foot orthoses and hard foot orthoses) on knee valgus angle during single-leg drop landing. Methods: Twenty male leisure volleyball gamers performed landing in one-leg step from 30 cm height in 3 conditions (without foot orthoses, mid-hard foot orthoses, and hard foot orthoses). A motion capture system was used to measure lower extremity kinematics. Two risk factors of ACL injury, maximum knee valgus angle (KVA), and maximum knee flexion was measured. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: With mid-hard foot, orthoses provide the maximum level of knee flexion and the minimum level of knee valgus during single-leg drop landing. Conclusions: It may be concluded showed that foot orthoses affect knee kinematics. More knee flexion and less knee valgus brought about by mid-hard foot orthoses can reduce injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).
{"title":"The Effect of Two Types of Foot Orthoses on the Knee Valgus Angle Within Single-Leg Landing: Implications for ACL damage hazard decrease","authors":"Seyed Ali Abbassi Khaboushan, N. Khoshraftar Yazdi, Zahra Moein Afshar","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-122580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-122580","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries commonly occur when athletes land in high risk positions such as knee valgus. The impact of foot orthoses during exercises that recreate a non-contact ACL harm system (i.e., landing) in any case will be obscured. Objectives: The purpose of the current study research was to evaluate the effect of two foot orthoses (semi-hard foot orthoses and hard foot orthoses) on knee valgus angle during single-leg drop landing. Methods: Twenty male leisure volleyball gamers performed landing in one-leg step from 30 cm height in 3 conditions (without foot orthoses, mid-hard foot orthoses, and hard foot orthoses). A motion capture system was used to measure lower extremity kinematics. Two risk factors of ACL injury, maximum knee valgus angle (KVA), and maximum knee flexion was measured. ANOVA was used for statistical analysis (P < 0.05). Results: With mid-hard foot, orthoses provide the maximum level of knee flexion and the minimum level of knee valgus during single-leg drop landing. Conclusions: It may be concluded showed that foot orthoses affect knee kinematics. More knee flexion and less knee valgus brought about by mid-hard foot orthoses can reduce injuries of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL).","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45801111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tohid Seif Barghi, Mohammad Mahdi Tavana, E. Amini
Introduction: Clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is a drug which is primarily used for the treatment of anovulatory infertility in female patients. Although as an off-label use, some authorities and physicians use this drug for the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenospermia in male patients. Clomiphene has two isomers and multiple metabolites, and its cis isomer (Zuclomiphene) can be detected in urine for as long as eight months in some cases. Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male futsal player used clomiphene for infertility for two months. After 17 weeks from the last dose, his urine sample result came out as an adverse analytical finding for clomiphene. Despite the initial ruling on a four-year ban by the national anti-doping agency, the appeals committee reduced the athlete's ban to two years after receiving explanations from the athlete, his appropriate doping record, and the fact that no trace of other substances, such as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was found in the player's sample. Conclusions: In this article, the authors try to show the importance of athletes' familiarity with the anti-doping code and try to emphasize the importance of the fact that athletes should receive therapeutic use exemption (TUE) if they take any drugs with doping potential.
{"title":"Medical Treatment in Men with Infertility Can Be Misinterpreted as Doping Practice: A Case of Unintentional World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) Code Violation","authors":"Tohid Seif Barghi, Mohammad Mahdi Tavana, E. Amini","doi":"10.5812/asjsm-121004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5812/asjsm-121004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Clomiphene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), is a drug which is primarily used for the treatment of anovulatory infertility in female patients. Although as an off-label use, some authorities and physicians use this drug for the treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenospermia in male patients. Clomiphene has two isomers and multiple metabolites, and its cis isomer (Zuclomiphene) can be detected in urine for as long as eight months in some cases. Case Presentation: A 30-year-old male futsal player used clomiphene for infertility for two months. After 17 weeks from the last dose, his urine sample result came out as an adverse analytical finding for clomiphene. Despite the initial ruling on a four-year ban by the national anti-doping agency, the appeals committee reduced the athlete's ban to two years after receiving explanations from the athlete, his appropriate doping record, and the fact that no trace of other substances, such as anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) was found in the player's sample. Conclusions: In this article, the authors try to show the importance of athletes' familiarity with the anti-doping code and try to emphasize the importance of the fact that athletes should receive therapeutic use exemption (TUE) if they take any drugs with doping potential.","PeriodicalId":8847,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49266858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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