Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107858
Weisheng Lu, Bing Yang, Liang Yuan, Ziyu Peng
This study addresses the ongoing challenge of illegal dumping (‘fly-tipping’) in urban environments, specifically focusing on Hong Kong. Utilizing a substantial dataset of 1384 Fixed Penalty Notices issued from 2014 to 2021, the research presents a novel methodological approach that integrates Space Syntax Analysis (SSA) and Geographically Weighted Random Forest (GW-RF). The integration demonstrates robust predictive performance (R2 = 0.809), significantly outperforming traditional models. Our findings reveal three fundamental patterns: social-economic pressures serve as consistent underlying drivers, urban spatial configuration creates distinct opportunity patterns, and waste disposal infrastructure acts as a local modifier of dumping behavior. These insights challenge conventional assumptions about illegal dumping locations and effectiveness of uniform solutions. The study provides an evidence-based foundation for developing targeted interventions, suggesting that effective policies must consider both stable social-economic pressures and variable spatial-infrastructural conditions. This research not only deepens the understanding of fly-tipping in Hong Kong but also proposes a robust, adaptable analytical framework for other urban contexts, contributing to both urban theory and practice in environmental management.
{"title":"Understanding fly-tipping in urban areas: A social-economic-spatial combinatorial approach enabled by geographically weighted random forest","authors":"Weisheng Lu, Bing Yang, Liang Yuan, Ziyu Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study addresses the ongoing challenge of illegal dumping (‘fly-tipping’) in urban environments, specifically focusing on Hong Kong. Utilizing a substantial dataset of 1384 Fixed Penalty Notices issued from 2014 to 2021, the research presents a novel methodological approach that integrates Space Syntax Analysis (SSA) and Geographically Weighted Random Forest (GW-RF). The integration demonstrates robust predictive performance (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.809), significantly outperforming traditional models. Our findings reveal three fundamental patterns: social-economic pressures serve as consistent underlying drivers, urban spatial configuration creates distinct opportunity patterns, and waste disposal infrastructure acts as a local modifier of dumping behavior. These insights challenge conventional assumptions about illegal dumping locations and effectiveness of uniform solutions. The study provides an evidence-based foundation for developing targeted interventions, suggesting that effective policies must consider both stable social-economic pressures and variable spatial-infrastructural conditions. This research not only deepens the understanding of fly-tipping in Hong Kong but also proposes a robust, adaptable analytical framework for other urban contexts, contributing to both urban theory and practice in environmental management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 107858"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102152
Simon Ozer , Muhammad Adeel Kamran
Globalization has catalyzed acculturation processes across geographic distances, exposing people in Majority World contexts to Western cultural content. Consequently, individuals who internalize both their local cultural practices and identity, along with Western cultural practices and identity, must integrate these identities within their sociocultural environment, including the negotiation of local cultural expectations from ethnic peers. In the present study, we examined how Pakistani and Western cultural orientations, as well as perceived expectations to retain Pakistani cultural practices, relate to global citizenship values (i.e., meaning in life, peaceful dialogue, and global identification) through bicultural identity integration among Pakistani youth (N = 285). We found that Pakistani cultural orientation was directly linked to global citizenship values, whereas Western cultural orientation was associated with peaceful dialogue and global identification through bicultural identity integration. These results highlight that the adaptation of foreign culture must be compatible with and integrated into the local culture in order to foster pluralism and inclusion in a globalized world.
{"title":"Integrating Pakistani and Western cultural identities through globalization-based acculturation","authors":"Simon Ozer , Muhammad Adeel Kamran","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Globalization has catalyzed acculturation processes across geographic distances, exposing people in Majority World contexts to Western cultural content. Consequently, individuals who internalize both their local cultural practices and identity, along with Western cultural practices and identity, must integrate these identities within their sociocultural environment, including the negotiation of local cultural expectations from ethnic peers. In the present study, we examined how Pakistani and Western cultural orientations, as well as perceived expectations to retain Pakistani cultural practices, relate to global citizenship values (i.e., meaning in life, peaceful dialogue, and global identification) through bicultural identity integration among Pakistani youth (<em>N</em> = 285). We found that Pakistani cultural orientation was directly linked to global citizenship values, whereas Western cultural orientation was associated with peaceful dialogue and global identification through bicultural identity integration. These results highlight that the adaptation of foreign culture must be compatible with and integrated into the local culture in order to foster pluralism and inclusion in a globalized world.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
India is a leading global hot spot for extreme heat waves induced by climate change. The social demography of India is centered on its caste hierarchy rooted in endogamous occupational groups. We investigate the association between caste and climate inequality by studying occupational exposure during the 2019 and 2022 heat waves. We combine high spatiotemporal resolution heat stress information from satellite imagery with a large nationally and regionally representative labor force survey with rich socioeconomic and demographic information (n > 100,000 individuals). The slope of the heat stress dose-workhours curve corresponding to the marginalized caste groups is between 25% and 150% steeper than that for dominant caste groups for UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) thresholds between 26°C and 35°C. Our models control for other economic-demographic confounders, including age, gender, education, and economic status, besides political-geographic controls and fixed effects. Our robust evidence for the association between caste identity and exposure to heat stress shows why adaptation and mitigation plans in India must account for the hierarchical social order characterized by the "division of laborers" along caste lines rather than the mere division of labor. Methodologically, our analysis demonstrates the utility of pairing satellite imagery and detailed demographic data.
{"title":"Caste Inequality in Occupational Exposure to Heat Waves in India.","authors":"Arpit Shah, Sneha Thapliyal, Anish Sugathan, Vimal Mishra, Deepak Malghan","doi":"10.1215/00703370-11803010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11803010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>India is a leading global hot spot for extreme heat waves induced by climate change. The social demography of India is centered on its caste hierarchy rooted in endogamous occupational groups. We investigate the association between caste and climate inequality by studying occupational exposure during the 2019 and 2022 heat waves. We combine high spatiotemporal resolution heat stress information from satellite imagery with a large nationally and regionally representative labor force survey with rich socioeconomic and demographic information (n > 100,000 individuals). The slope of the heat stress dose-workhours curve corresponding to the marginalized caste groups is between 25% and 150% steeper than that for dominant caste groups for UTCI (Universal Thermal Climate Index) thresholds between 26°C and 35°C. Our models control for other economic-demographic confounders, including age, gender, education, and economic status, besides political-geographic controls and fixed effects. Our robust evidence for the association between caste identity and exposure to heat stress shows why adaptation and mitigation plans in India must account for the hierarchical social order characterized by the \"division of laborers\" along caste lines rather than the mere division of labor. Methodologically, our analysis demonstrates the utility of pairing satellite imagery and detailed demographic data.</p>","PeriodicalId":48394,"journal":{"name":"Demography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103594
Francis Arthur-Holmes , Patience Demor Matey
Place-making practices and gender in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) have been documented in the literature. Yet, studies have not critically explored the interactions of spatial, material and sociocultural forces in the coproduction of gendered mining practices and leadership structure in ASM spaces. Drawing on a qualitative, ethnographic study on women in ASM in Ghana, we apply the concept of mining entanglements to examine the sociometerial and space-gender interactions in ASM settings to identify the gendered mining entanglements that cocreate gendered mining work patterns, leadership structure, and economic relations. Findings showed that ASM space – in terms of extraction (e.g., underground extraction, and surface extraction) and processing locations – were socially constructed for gender roles. Such spatial forces of ASM combined with entangled material forces – human bodies, mining tools/equipment and mining practices – and sociocultural forces (i.e. sociocultural discourse of women’s menstrual bodies) in the coproduction of gendered patterns of mining works, economic relations, and leadership structure. The spatial, material and sociocultural forces were used in the framing and theorization of gender as an entangled force, where each force can distinctively explain gender and how they dictate the economic roles of women and men. Findings further showed that the mining entangled forces intersected with various factors related to women – such as age, working experience, social connections, sexual relations, educational status and ethnicity – to cocreate micropolitics of everyday realities of gendered labor dynamics and economic power relations influencing women’s eligibility or qualification for site committee membership or leadership positions in ASM sites. Based on the gendered socioeconomic and political inequality, formalization efforts and interventions that seek to promote women’s economic empowerment and address barriers to female ASM participation should tackle the gendered mining entanglements impacting women's socioeconomic and health outcomes.
{"title":"Gender as an entangled force: Gendered mining entanglements, labor organization and leadership structure in artisanal and small-scale mining","authors":"Francis Arthur-Holmes , Patience Demor Matey","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103594","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Place-making practices and gender in artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) have been documented in the literature. Yet, studies have not critically explored the interactions of spatial, material and sociocultural forces in the coproduction of gendered mining practices and leadership structure in ASM spaces. Drawing on a qualitative, ethnographic study on women in ASM in Ghana, we apply the concept of <em>mining entanglements</em> to examine the sociometerial and space-gender interactions in ASM settings to identify the <em>gendered mining entanglements</em> that cocreate gendered mining work patterns, leadership structure, and economic relations. Findings showed that ASM space – in terms of extraction (e.g., underground extraction, and surface extraction) and processing locations – were socially constructed for gender roles. Such spatial forces of ASM combined with entangled material forces – human bodies, mining tools/equipment and mining practices – and sociocultural forces (i.e. sociocultural discourse of women’s menstrual bodies) in the coproduction of gendered patterns of mining works, economic relations, and leadership structure. The spatial, material and sociocultural forces were used in the framing and theorization of gender <em>as an entangled force</em>, where each force can distinctively explain gender and how they dictate the economic roles of women and men. Findings further showed that the mining entangled forces intersected with various factors related to women – such as age, working experience, social connections, sexual relations, educational status and ethnicity – to cocreate micropolitics of everyday realities of gendered labor dynamics and economic power relations influencing women’s eligibility or qualification for site committee membership or leadership positions in ASM sites. Based on the gendered socioeconomic and political inequality, formalization efforts and interventions that seek to promote women’s economic empowerment and address barriers to female ASM participation should tackle the <em>gendered mining entanglements</em> impacting women's socioeconomic and health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103594"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143305157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107854
Liwei Qu , Yang Li , Juan Guo , Lianghui Li , Bochao An
Despite escalating environmental regulations and intensifying decarbonization demand within the steel industry, comprehensive frameworks for emission disclosure remain under development. The sector is gradually incorporating requirements to report upstream emissions that are tied to raw material supply chains. This study presented a detailed carbon footprint assessment of seaborne metallurgical (met) coal trading by creating a global database of seaborne met coal export mines and optimizing both the trade matrix and mine-to-destination transportation network. Employing a bottom-up approach coupled with life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, this study calculated carbon intensity (CI) of global seaborne met coal mines. The analysis reveals significant variability in CI, ranging from 63.4 to 665.5 kg CO2eq/t, with a global volume-weighted average of 217.6 kg CO2eq/t. The variability is influenced by factors including mine extraction methods, raw coal quality, transportation mode, and destination distance. The heterogeneity of CIs highlights substantial decarbonization potential. Forecasts of seaborne met coal demand through 2050 suggest that prioritizing low-carbon supply chain pathways alone could yield CO2eq reduction by an average of up to 230Mt, even in the absence of additional emission mitigation strategies
{"title":"Research on carbon intensity of global seaborne metallurgical coal exports and implications","authors":"Liwei Qu , Yang Li , Juan Guo , Lianghui Li , Bochao An","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.107854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite escalating environmental regulations and intensifying decarbonization demand within the steel industry, comprehensive frameworks for emission disclosure remain under development. The sector is gradually incorporating requirements to report upstream emissions that are tied to raw material supply chains. This study presented a detailed carbon footprint assessment of seaborne metallurgical (met) coal trading by creating a global database of seaborne met coal export mines and optimizing both the trade matrix and mine-to-destination transportation network. Employing a bottom-up approach coupled with life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, this study calculated carbon intensity (CI) of global seaborne met coal mines. The analysis reveals significant variability in CI, ranging from 63.4 to 665.5 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/t, with a global volume-weighted average of 217.6 kg CO<sub>2</sub>eq/t. The variability is influenced by factors including mine extraction methods, raw coal quality, transportation mode, and destination distance. The heterogeneity of CIs highlights substantial decarbonization potential. Forecasts of seaborne met coal demand through 2050 suggest that prioritizing low-carbon supply chain pathways alone could yield CO<sub>2</sub>eq reduction by an average of up to 230Mt, even in the absence of additional emission mitigation strategies</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"112 ","pages":"Article 107854"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143241686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103586
İlkay Unay-Gailhard , Robert J. Chaskin , Mark A. Brennan
This research extends existing studies on the role of alternative food movements in supporting new farmers. It focuses on the urban agriculture movement, particularly the online portrayal of urban farmers in social media, and its impact on constructing farming-career paths. Analyses explore the perspectives of professionals (N = 32) involved in urban farming initiatives (practitioners, policy professionals, and beginning urban farmers) in Pennsylvania and Illinois. The study uses qualitative thematic coding and aggregates the theoretical dimensions supported by contemporary career theories. Career aspiration, career intention, and career orientation are the career-construction paths that are the interests of the study. Findings suggest that portrayals of urban farmers are multi-faced: "smallness," "diversity," "guidance by moral values," "innovativeness," and "popularity" are the essential themes explaining farming-career aspirations. Farming-career exposure and career experiments via social media are values that drive planned or unplanned career intentions. The portrayal of urban farmers as moral achievers is perceived as a motivator in career orientation by activating relationally driven (inspirations gathered from online relationships) and protean (self-driven) attitudes. Overall, our study demonstrated that online portrayals of urban farmers can shape perceptions about careers within sustainable sectors, including agriculture-related professions.
{"title":"The online portrayal of urban farmers: Professionals’ perspectives on their influence on constructing farming-career paths","authors":"İlkay Unay-Gailhard , Robert J. Chaskin , Mark A. Brennan","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research extends existing studies on the role of alternative food movements in supporting new farmers. It focuses on the urban agriculture movement, particularly the online portrayal of urban farmers in social media, and its impact on constructing farming-career paths. Analyses explore the perspectives of professionals (N = 32) involved in urban farming initiatives (practitioners, policy professionals, and beginning urban farmers) in Pennsylvania and Illinois. The study uses qualitative thematic coding and aggregates the theoretical dimensions supported by contemporary career theories. Career aspiration, career intention, and career orientation are the career-construction paths that are the interests of the study. Findings suggest that portrayals of urban farmers are multi-faced: \"<em>smallness</em>,\" \"<em>diversity</em>,\" \"<em>guidance by moral values</em>,\" \"<em>innovativeness</em>,\" and \"<em>popularity</em>\" are the essential themes explaining farming-career aspirations. Farming-career exposure and career experiments via social media are values that drive planned or unplanned career intentions. The portrayal of urban farmers as moral achievers is perceived as a motivator in career orientation by activating relationally driven (inspirations gathered from online relationships) and protean (self-driven) attitudes. Overall, our study demonstrated that online portrayals of urban farmers can shape perceptions about careers within sustainable sectors, including agriculture-related professions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103586"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143305158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1177/01979183251314831
Brenda Gambol, Varaidzo Zvobgo, Meghna Sabharwal
Foreign-born Asian Indians in the United States are among the most highly educated and highly paid. A major facilitator of this population's migration has been the H-1B, a temporary work visa that has brought in foreign scientists and engineers since 1990. Immigration scholarship would regard H-1Bs’ high socioeconomic status as a factor that smooths their integration. Yet an aspect usually not associated with high-skilled migrants–legality–may be compromising the assimilation of Asian Indian professionals: over a million are “waiting in line,” or in queue, for legal permanent residency. The delay is significant. Asian Indians have the longest wait among all nationalities, and it is only becoming increasingly longer; scholars argue that many Asian Indians, especially newcomers, will never get a green card. Drawing on 40 semi-structured interviews with US technology workers from India, the following study is among the first of its kind: it examines how Asian Indians’ experience their temporary status, or “liminal legality.” Findings show that they encounter “legal dragging”: they are in line for a green card but are given no specific acquisition date. The legal dragging of the green card process leads to feelings of stagnation, uncertainty, and frustration. Furthermore, these feelings are gendered: women experience the additional worry of having to go back to a country where they will encounter greater gender inequality. Findings illustrate that legal status plays a role in Asian Indian lives and that it can impede on the mobility of the highly skilled.
{"title":"The Green Card Drag: How Highly Skilled Asian Indian Immigrants Experience the US Immigration System","authors":"Brenda Gambol, Varaidzo Zvobgo, Meghna Sabharwal","doi":"10.1177/01979183251314831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183251314831","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign-born Asian Indians in the United States are among the most highly educated and highly paid. A major facilitator of this population's migration has been the H-1B, a temporary work visa that has brought in foreign scientists and engineers since 1990. Immigration scholarship would regard H-1Bs’ high socioeconomic status as a factor that smooths their integration. Yet an aspect usually not associated with high-skilled migrants–legality–may be compromising the assimilation of Asian Indian professionals: over a million are “waiting in line,” or in queue, for legal permanent residency. The delay is significant. Asian Indians have the longest wait among all nationalities, and it is only becoming increasingly longer; scholars argue that many Asian Indians, especially newcomers, will never get a green card. Drawing on 40 semi-structured interviews with US technology workers from India, the following study is among the first of its kind: it examines how Asian Indians’ experience their temporary status, or “liminal legality.” Findings show that they encounter “legal dragging”: they are in line for a green card but are given no specific acquisition date. The legal dragging of the green card process leads to feelings of stagnation, uncertainty, and frustration. Furthermore, these feelings are gendered: women experience the additional worry of having to go back to a country where they will encounter greater gender inequality. Findings illustrate that legal status plays a role in Asian Indian lives and that it can impede on the mobility of the highly skilled.","PeriodicalId":48229,"journal":{"name":"International Migration Review","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-03074-2
Vítor Blanco-Fernández, Ṣikemi Akinmade, María T. Soto-Sanfiel
This study characterizes the depiction of young non-binary characters in mainstream fiction. It presents the results of a close-reading analysis of four non-binary characters from different cultural contexts that appeared in Netflix’s English-language catalog in November 2023: Cal from Sex Education (UK), Darren from Heartbreak High (Australia), Syd from One Day at a Time (USA), and Yael from Degrassi: Next Class (Canada). The analysis observed aspects of their identity, embodiment, attitude, context, social interactions, and development. The findings reveal patterns that confirm the existence of non-binary stereotypes in the media, as well as divergent features that could be considered manifestations of diversity across Western contexts, thus contributing to a more detailed understanding of the mental models of non-binary individuals that are shared across different cultural contexts.
{"title":"Representation of Young Non-Binary Characters in Mainstream Fiction","authors":"Vítor Blanco-Fernández, Ṣikemi Akinmade, María T. Soto-Sanfiel","doi":"10.1007/s10508-024-03074-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-024-03074-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study characterizes the depiction of young non-binary characters in mainstream fiction. It presents the results of a close-reading analysis of four non-binary characters from different cultural contexts that appeared in Netflix’s English-language catalog in November 2023: Cal from <i>Sex Education</i> (UK), Darren from <i>Heartbreak High</i> (Australia), Syd from <i>One Day at a Time</i> (USA), and Yael from <i>Degrassi: Next Class</i> (Canada). The analysis observed aspects of their identity, embodiment, attitude, context, social interactions, and development. The findings reveal patterns that confirm the existence of non-binary stereotypes in the media, as well as divergent features that could be considered manifestations of diversity across Western contexts, thus contributing to a more detailed understanding of the mental models of non-binary individuals that are shared across different cultural contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8327,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Sexual Behavior","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143258563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jochem van Noord, Bram Spruyt, Filip Van Droogenbroeck, Toon Kuppens
Belief in meritocracy and social status are central to understanding how people think and behave in relation to economic conflict. In this paper, we investigate how belief in meritocracy is moderated by (subjective) social status for three different aspects of citizens' attitudes towards economic inequality and conflict, namely (1) perceived conflict, (2) anger about economic inequality and (3) intentions to change economic conflict (egalitarianism). Data from the International Social Survey Programme on 29 countries reveal that the effect of meritocracy depends on social status and differs meaningfully across the three attitudes. For people high in social status, belief in meritocracy relates to lower perceptions of conflict, anger, and egalitarianism. For people with a low subjective social status there is no or a weak relation of belief in meritocracy with the outcomes. In addition, when belief in meritocracy was low, those with a high subjective social status appeared to be concerned about inequality as they perceived more economic conflict and felt more anger than those with a low subjective social status. However, this was not the case for intentions to reduce inequality. Hence, these effects of meritocracy and social status should be understood in light of self-interest concerns of social groups, rather than solely ideological domination.
{"title":"Caught Between Ideology and Self-Interest: Subjective Social Status and Meritocratic Beliefs Shape Whether People Perceive, Feel Anger About, and Want to Change Economic Conflict.","authors":"Jochem van Noord, Bram Spruyt, Filip Van Droogenbroeck, Toon Kuppens","doi":"10.1111/1468-4446.13185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.13185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Belief in meritocracy and social status are central to understanding how people think and behave in relation to economic conflict. In this paper, we investigate how belief in meritocracy is moderated by (subjective) social status for three different aspects of citizens' attitudes towards economic inequality and conflict, namely (1) perceived conflict, (2) anger about economic inequality and (3) intentions to change economic conflict (egalitarianism). Data from the International Social Survey Programme on 29 countries reveal that the effect of meritocracy depends on social status and differs meaningfully across the three attitudes. For people high in social status, belief in meritocracy relates to lower perceptions of conflict, anger, and egalitarianism. For people with a low subjective social status there is no or a weak relation of belief in meritocracy with the outcomes. In addition, when belief in meritocracy was low, those with a high subjective social status appeared to be concerned about inequality as they perceived more economic conflict and felt more anger than those with a low subjective social status. However, this was not the case for intentions to reduce inequality. Hence, these effects of meritocracy and social status should be understood in light of self-interest concerns of social groups, rather than solely ideological domination.</p>","PeriodicalId":51368,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sociology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143366405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103568
Valentina Cattivelli , Salvatore Pinna
This paper offers a theoretical contribution by outlining both the opportunities and the challenges of food platformisation for peri-urban agriculture. The growing platformisation of the food sector is drastically transforming how food is produced, distributed, and consumed at the local level. Such transformations also impact agricultural practices in peri-urban areas. Specifically, they influence planning decisions related to urban sprawl, land consumption and environmental challenges, with a focus on sustainable practices. They also create several risks, including the marginalisation of small producers, the concentration of power in the hands of a small number of actors, and the homogenisation of agricultural practices.
Following a critical analysis of the current literature, the paper lists the possible effects of these changes and discusses potential pathways for addressing them with a series of suggestions. Its conclusions reorient the debate towards possible avenues to ensure that peri-urban agriculture can thrive in the era of platformisation and contribute to the transition towards a more equitable and resilient food system. They also outline the possible upward trajectory of food platformisation, recognising the consumer-centric opportunities it generates while also underscoring its consequential impacts on logistical operations and territorial planning decisions.
{"title":"Peri-urban agriculture and food platformisation: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Valentina Cattivelli , Salvatore Pinna","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103568","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103568","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper offers a theoretical contribution by outlining both the opportunities and the challenges of food platformisation for peri-urban agriculture. The growing platformisation of the food sector is drastically transforming how food is produced, distributed, and consumed at the local level. Such transformations also impact agricultural practices in peri-urban areas. Specifically, they influence planning decisions related to urban sprawl, land consumption and environmental challenges, with a focus on sustainable practices. They also create several risks, including the marginalisation of small producers, the concentration of power in the hands of a small number of actors, and the homogenisation of agricultural practices.</div><div>Following a critical analysis of the current literature, the paper lists the possible effects of these changes and discusses potential pathways for addressing them with a series of suggestions. Its conclusions reorient the debate towards possible avenues to ensure that peri-urban agriculture can thrive in the era of platformisation and contribute to the transition towards a more equitable and resilient food system. They also outline the possible upward trajectory of food platformisation, recognising the consumer-centric opportunities it generates while also underscoring its consequential impacts on logistical operations and territorial planning decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103568"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143305432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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