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A Research Note on the Demographic Potential of Polygyny: Evaluating an Age-Related Summary Indicator. 关于一夫多妻制的人口潜力的研究说明:评估与年龄有关的摘要指标。
IF 3.6 1区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1215/00703370-12459078
Luca Maria Pesando

This research note discusses one underexplored aspect of the study of polygyny, namely, the extent to which the practice remains viable from a purely demographic standpoint. Using data from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2022 covering 48 countries in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), I evaluate a simple indicator-gamma-for capturing the "demographic potential" of polygyny, that is, the fraction of men who can have two wives with no other man pushed out of the marriage market. I estimate how this indicator has evolved between 1950 and 2021 across regions of SSA and show how the measure correlates with polygyny estimates from available men's and women's Demographic and Health Surveys. Gamma shows inverted U-curve patterns aligned with stages of the demographic transition, from modestly low levels to high levels during periods of rapid population growth and then declining again. Recent declines are starkest in South SSA, while potential remains moderate elsewhere. Gamma correlates positively with polygyny estimates from Demographic and Health Surveys-particularly in Central and South SSA-and can explain up to 50‒70% variation in polygyny, albeit not everywhere. Findings primarily hold within regions, suggesting this is one of manifold factors at play. I conclude by outlining fruitful directions for the study of polygyny.

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引用次数: 0
Typology-based spatial modeling of urban block commercial vitality: Evidence from Shenzhen for land use planning 基于类型学的城市街区商业活力空间建模:来自深圳土地利用规划的证据
IF 7.1 1区 社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2026.107973
Chendi Yang, Hao Huang, Sian Meng, Yunjie Zhang, Jacqueline T.Y. Lo, Rui Ma
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引用次数: 0
Preserving agricultural land with agrivoltaic – But at what cost? An economic analysis of different agrivoltaic systems in Germany 用光伏发电保护农业用地——但代价是什么?德国不同农业发电系统的经济分析
IF 7.1 1区 社会学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2026.107966
Jonas Böhm, Thomas de Witte, Frank Offermann, Uwe Latacz-Lohmann
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引用次数: 0
US-Japan Alliance: Emmeshing Bilateralism Into Broader Multilateralism 美日同盟:将双边主义融入更广泛的多边主义
IF 0.8 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1002/app5.70076
Yoichiro Sato

In the 21st Century, geopolitical confrontation between the Eurasian continental powers and the sea powers works to divide Asia. The US-Japan alliance has transformed itself from Japanʼs asymmetrical security dependence of the Cold War period into a mutual and more integrated partnership today. Japan is doing more in collective security to ensure US commitment to the alliance through its own enhanced utilities to the United States. Japan leads emmeshing of the US-Japan bilateral alliance into the growing network of security partnerships, transforming the “hub-and-spoke” security architecture of East Asia at least partly into a NATO-like multilateral security arrangement. Yet Asian economic dependence on China and the uncertain prospects of the US commitment to Asian security and geopolitical realignment at the level of international system allow Japan to pursue hedging on its own and Asian behalf.

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引用次数: 0
'A fine line between euphoria and death': a qualitative study exploring gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use among people who identify as heterosexual living in Australia. “兴奋和死亡之间的微妙界限”:一项定性研究探索了生活在澳大利亚的异性恋者使用γ -羟基丁酸盐(GHB)的情况。
IF 4 2区 社会学 Q1 SUBSTANCE ABUSE Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1186/s12954-026-01405-1
Keaton Hudson-Buhagiar, Jonathan Brett, Alanah Spillane, Simon Clay, Jack Freestone, Brendan Clifford, Stephanie Riches-Evans, Nadine Ezard, Darren M Roberts, Kane Race, Krista J Siefried

Background: Harms associated with gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) use have increased recently in Australia. However, research predominantly focuses on the experience of GHB use among LGBTQ + populations. Non-prescribed GHB use has not been well described in heterosexual populations. Research to examine the experience of heterosexual people, including motivations for use, experiences of harms, and utilisation of harm reduction practices, can inform public health messaging.

Methods: We recruited 26 participants at least 18 years of age, reporting three or more occasions of GHB use in the past 12 months, via a national social media campaign and snowball methods. Semi-structured interviews were conducted via video conference, and analysed using a thematic framework analysis.

Results: Nineteen women (73%) and seven men (27%), mean age 29 years (standard deviation 7 years) completed interviews. Participants described three distinct patterns of occasional, regular, or daily GHB use. Across these patterns, four key themes emerged: (1) Escapism: participants used GHB to manage mental health symptoms, counteract stimulant effects of methamphetamine, enhance self-confidence, and facilitate sex. Women described using GHB to alleviate body consciousness/dysmorphia. (2) Diverse understandings and experiences of overdose: participants described a spectrum from mild to life-threatening toxicity. Notably, dosing GHB to achieve unconsciousness (intentional overdose) was a theme that dovetailed with boundary play in our sample. Misconceptions included using stimulants to counter GHB toxicity. Fear of police involvement delayed or prevented help seeking. (3) Stigma: Participants reported stigma from peers who use and do not use drugs. (4) Gendered harm reduction practices: A set of practices centred on women protecting women from harms associated with GHB use emerged, with narrations of heightened vigilance and protective behaviours to reduce risks of sexual violence.

Conclusion: In our heterosexual sample of people who use GHB in Australia, we identified novel aspects of GHB use characterised by escapism, intentional risk-taking, and gendered harm reduction strategies, while stigma featured alongside GHB use. Findings highlight gaps in public health education, particularly regarding intentional dosing towards unconsciousness, misconceptions about overdose management, and barriers to help seeking. Targeted, context-specific harm reduction and mental health interventions responsive to these experiences are required.

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引用次数: 0
On Second Thought: The Impact of Confessions, DNA, and Belief Perseverance on Students' Perceptions of Guilt and Interrogations. 再思考:认罪、DNA和信念坚持对学生内疚和审讯感知的影响。
IF 1.3 3区 社会学 Q2 LAW Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.70048
Taya D Henry, Kimberley A Clow, Victoria Hall

Despite growing public knowledge of false confession cases, research with students and community members continues to find that people assume confessions indicate guilt. The present research explored the implications of belief perseverance: the tendency to maintain a belief even when confronted with compelling contradictory evidence. Across two studies (vignettes in Study 1; video interrogation footage in Study 2), students' pre-existing beliefs regarding confessions led them to assume suspects who confessed were more guilty, and were interrogated more justly, than suspects who did not confess. Further, although being presented with post-conviction DNA evidence tempered participants' views, pre-existing beliefs about confessions continued to impact both suspect and interrogation perceptions in Study 1, and interrogation perceptions in Study 2. The implications of students exhibiting these biases and current legal safeguards focusing on confession voluntariness, rather than veracity, are discussed.

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引用次数: 0
Subjective Responses of Gynephilic Men and Women to Real versus Artificial Female Nudes. 女性癖男性和女性对真实与人造女性裸体的主观反应。
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-025-03357-2
Ellen Zakreski, Alena Marečková, Ondřej Vaníček, Martin Hůla, Kateřina Klapilová, Jitka Lindová, James G Pfaus

Depictions of visual sexual stimuli are changing with the advent of computer-generated imagery (CGI), hyper-realistic and idealized images created by artificial Intelligence (AI), and artistic styles such as hentai, that depict a diverse range of sexual situations and characteristics. Here we assessed the subjective realism, aesthetic value, subjective sexual attractiveness, and valence (pleasantness) of images depicting natural or surgically enhanced naked women taken from real photographs or in formats created by CGI, AI, or as dolls or hentai. Self-identified gynephilic males and females (N = 649) participated in a nationwide online survey about the perception of visual sexual stimuli. Although the real and AI-generated nudes were rated as significantly more realistic than the other categories, with the real images rated significantly more real than the others, AI-generated nudes were found more aesthetically appealing, sexually attractive, and pleasant than the other categories, with men rating nearly all categories higher than women (men and women found AI and CGI images equally aesthetically pleasing). There was a significant correlation of age, such that older participants found the real and AI-generated nudes more aesthetically appealing, sexually attractive, and pleasant than younger participants. In contrast, younger participants rated hentai significantly higher in these measures than older participants. These data suggest that AI-generated erotic material is superior to even real photographs in generating aesthetic appeal, positive valence, and ratings of sexual attractiveness, although both real and AI-generated nudes produced higher ratings in all measures compared to enhanced nudes, or those created by CGI, or as dolls or hentai.

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引用次数: 0
What Do Asexual Women Want? A Propensity Score Matching Study of Preferred Relationship Options and Ideal Partner Preferences. 无性恋女性想要什么?偏好关系选项与理想伴侣偏好的倾向评分匹配研究。
IF 2.9 2区 社会学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-025-03365-2
Paula C Bange, Laura J Botzet, Amanda A Shea, Virginia J Vitzthum, Tanja M Gerlach

Research on whether asexual individuals desire (romantic) relationships and, if so, how they picture their ideal relationship has been growing in the past few years. However, less is known about the preferred attributes of an ideal partner in such relationships and whether these partner(ship) preferences are different from what heterosexual individuals want. The goal of the present study was to compare the types of preferred relationships and the ideal characteristics of a long-term partner of self-identified asexual and heterosexual women. Additionally, we examined differences in characteristics of asexual and heterosexual women using self-evaluations of the same attributes used for the partner preference ratings. We used data from the Ideal Partner Survey, a large-scale, multinational online study. Of 51,775 participants, 51,328 identified as heterosexual (Mage = 25.13 years) and 447 identified as asexual (Mage = 24.03 years). To create comparable samples for analyses, each asexual person was matched with a heterosexual person using propensity score matching (relationship options sample = 646, partner preference sample = 780, self-rating sample = 772). Compared to heterosexual women, asexual women were less interested in purely sexual relationships and more interested in emotionally romantic and alternative types of committed relationships as well as not being in any relationship ("single"). Asexual women placed less importance on all partner preference attributes, except educated and intelligent. They also consistently rated themselves lower on all attributes than heterosexual women. These findings suggest distinct differences between asexual and heterosexual women in their relationship interests, partner preferences, and self-perceived characteristics.

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引用次数: 0
Focused deterrence can reduce crime: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials and quasi‐experiments 集中威慑可以减少犯罪:随机对照试验和准实验的系统回顾
IF 4.6 1区 社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1111/1745-9133.70012
Anthony A. Braga, Brandon S. Turchan, David L. Weisburd
Research summary Crime and violence continue to be problems that plague urban areas across the United States and the globe. One key approach for responding to these problems is “focused deterrence” which includes programs that prevent criminal behavior by blending criminal justice, social service, and community‐based action. While previous systematic reviews have supported the crime control effectiveness of focused deterrence, prior reviews have not included randomized experimental evaluations which are generally recognized to provide stronger causal claims when implemented with fidelity. This updated review of 50 controlled evaluations benefits from the addition of 26 rigorous studies, of which 9 are randomized experimental field trials. This suggests the importance of reassessing the evidence and provides opportunities for additional moderator analyses of program impacts. The overall meta‐analysis suggested that focused deterrence was associated with a statistically significant 23% crime reduction in treatment groups relative to control groups. Meta‐analysis of the 9 randomized experiments suggested focused deterrence generated a smaller 16% crime reduction. Programs designed to reduce gang and group‐involved gun violence were associated with the largest crime reduction impacts. Studies that examined community outcomes generally observed positive impacts. Policy implications A much more rigorous scientific evidence base now exists to support the continued use of focused deterrence to control crime and violence. These analyses, which include randomized controlled trials, provide robust and consistent evidence that focused deterrence reduces crime. Moreover, preliminary results from a group of studies that measure community outcomes, suggest that community residents have positive perceptions of these programs. Program implementation remains challenging with studies noting persistent problems with treatment integrity and sustainability. Further research is also needed to clarify prevention mechanisms so key program activities can be better understood and enhanced.
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引用次数: 0
Interplay of Agency and Structure on Upskilling: A Case of Filipino Migrant Nurses in the UAE 机构和结构对技能提升的相互作用:以阿联酋菲律宾移民护士为例
IF 2.6 2区 社会学 Q1 DEMOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1002/psp.70199
Jiin Kim

With an increased number of migrant nurses from the Global South to the North, the deskilling of migrant nurses has been a problem. While previous research has predominantly focused on deskilling, this research focuses on the upskilling of Filipino migrant nurses in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The morphogenetic cycle has been adopted to explore how structural factors interplay with agencies of Filipino migrant nurses related to the upskilling process. Findings demonstrate that Filipino migrant nurses who majored in nursing due to external factors, such as parental pressure or social trends, tend to improve their professional and soft skills after migrating to the UAE, which offers abundant resources, thereby demonstrating their agency. Furthermore, migrant nurses developed a positive perception of themselves, actively recommending migration to those around them, while also voicing their criticisms of the Filipino medical system. This research demonstrates how agents and structures interact in relation to the upskilling of migrant nurses, providing clues as to how the phenomenon of labor migration perpetuates.

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引用次数: 0
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