Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.34257/gjsfrgvol22is2pg15
Hannah C. Beird, A. Lazar, Danh D. Truong
Soft tissue sarcomas STS are malignancies that show mesenchymal and neuroectodermal differentiation and thus most often resemble supportive and connective tissue including fat blood vessels muscle bone tendons and nerves Over 70 subtypes of sarcomas exist and pathologists have classified these broadly according to the degree to which they resemble differentiated cell types Figure 1 1 This review will focus on the most common subset of STS in adults liposarcoma which are tumors with histological features of specialized fat cells Liposarcoma are broken down into several subtypes The four with the highest incidence are welldifferentiated liposarcoma WDLPS dedifferentiated liposarcoma DDLPS myxoid liposarcoma MLPS and pleomorphic liposarcoma PLPS 1 Overall survival is highest for MLPS followed by WDLPS and DDLPS and then PLPS2-4 Figure 2 While WDLPS occurs predominantly in the deep soft tissues of the limbs and retroperitoneum DDLPS is located mostly in the retroperitoneum MLPS and PLPS are preferentially located within the limbs5 Despite these broad categories liposarcoma can also have mixed phenotypes and is often further subdivided into even more rare entities with other ultra-rare features For instance pleomorphic MLPS has attributes of both PLPS and MLPS6,7.
{"title":"The Genomics of Liposarcoma: A Review and Commentary","authors":"Hannah C. Beird, A. Lazar, Danh D. Truong","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrgvol22is2pg15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrgvol22is2pg15","url":null,"abstract":"Soft tissue sarcomas STS are malignancies that show mesenchymal and neuroectodermal differentiation and thus most often resemble supportive and connective tissue including fat blood vessels muscle bone tendons and nerves Over 70 subtypes of sarcomas exist and pathologists have classified these broadly according to the degree to which they resemble differentiated cell types Figure 1 1 This review will focus on the most common subset of STS in adults liposarcoma which are tumors with histological features of specialized fat cells Liposarcoma are broken down into several subtypes The four with the highest incidence are welldifferentiated liposarcoma WDLPS dedifferentiated liposarcoma DDLPS myxoid liposarcoma MLPS and pleomorphic liposarcoma PLPS 1 Overall survival is highest for MLPS followed by WDLPS and DDLPS and then PLPS2-4 Figure 2 While WDLPS occurs predominantly in the deep soft tissues of the limbs and retroperitoneum DDLPS is located mostly in the retroperitoneum MLPS and PLPS are preferentially located within the limbs5 Despite these broad categories liposarcoma can also have mixed phenotypes and is often further subdivided into even more rare entities with other ultra-rare features For instance pleomorphic MLPS has attributes of both PLPS and MLPS6,7.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89186170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg1
Shangcong Cheng
After several decades of study, the nature of the glass state and glass transition remains controversial. This work describes a newly proposed two-stage model for silicate glass transition. The model recognizes that there is a cooling rate independent critical temperature Tc, separating two temperature regions. The coherent structures in the two regions change along different paths. All observed dynamic features in the glass transition result from structural rearrangements in the process. According to the proposed model, the silicate glass transition can be recognized as a second-order phase transition following an incomplete first-order phase transition. This work will first describe the two-stage model, and then apply the model to silica glass, as well as binary and ternary silicate glass transitions.
{"title":"Two-Stage Model of Silicate Glass Transition","authors":"Shangcong Cheng","doi":"10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg1","url":null,"abstract":"After several decades of study, the nature of the glass state and glass transition remains controversial. This work describes a newly proposed two-stage model for silicate glass transition. The model recognizes that there is a cooling rate independent critical temperature Tc, separating two temperature regions. The coherent structures in the two regions change along different paths. All observed dynamic features in the glass transition result from structural rearrangements in the process. According to the proposed model, the silicate glass transition can be recognized as a second-order phase transition following an incomplete first-order phase transition. This work will first describe the two-stage model, and then apply the model to silica glass, as well as binary and ternary silicate glass transitions.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90721076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-12DOI: 10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg19
Gangrok Lee
In the paper ’A New Approach to Quantum Gravity’[1], we suggest a new approach to quantum gravity. Using this theory, we can study the noncommutative gravitational field in momentum space. In this paper, we obtain the general form of the Klein-Gordon equation in noncommutative gravitational field. Then we find the symmetry associated with noncommutative gravity from the Klein-Gordon equation. We study black hole in momentum space and conclude that the event horizon of black holes is formed by the dipoles in momentum space with limit state.
在论文“A New Approach to Quantum Gravity”[1]中，我们提出了一种新的量子引力方法。利用这一理论，我们可以研究动量空间中的非对易重力场。本文得到了非对易引力场中Klein-Gordon方程的一般形式。然后我们从Klein-Gordon方程中找到与非对易引力相关的对称性。我们研究了动量空间中的黑洞，得出了黑洞的视界是由具有极限状态的动量空间中的偶极子形成的结论。
{"title":"Noncommutative Quantum Gravity and Symmetry of Klein-Gordon Equation","authors":"Gangrok Lee","doi":"10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfravol22is7pg19","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper ’A New Approach to Quantum Gravity’[1], we suggest a new approach to quantum gravity. Using this theory, we can study the noncommutative gravitational field in momentum space. In this paper, we obtain the general form of the Klein-Gordon equation in noncommutative gravitational field. Then we find the symmetry associated with noncommutative gravity from the Klein-Gordon equation. We study black hole in momentum space and conclude that the event horizon of black holes is formed by the dipoles in momentum space with limit state.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85655073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg11
S. AlShawesh, Nada Ibraheem Al-Abyad
The presence of nature was evident in the cities and villages of Yemen - a country located on the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula - with a varied topography between mountains, plains, deserts, and islands. Formerly Yemen was given many names. For example, the Greeks and Romans called it "Arabia Felix'', while Arab historians called it "green Yemen” due to its fertility, greenness, and picturesque nature. Ancient Yemeni settled in good geographical areas with suitable natural conditions and practised agriculture. Despite the rugged terrain of the mountainous heights, he built agricultural terraces on the mountains and found irrigation systems, so he dug wells and built dams such as the Ma’arib dam.
{"title":"Green Spaces in Sana’a Old City - Yemen between Past to Present","authors":"S. AlShawesh, Nada Ibraheem Al-Abyad","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg11","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of nature was evident in the cities and villages of Yemen - a country located on the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula - with a varied topography between mountains, plains, deserts, and islands. Formerly Yemen was given many names. For example, the Greeks and Romans called it \"Arabia Felix'', while Arab historians called it \"green Yemen” due to its fertility, greenness, and picturesque nature. Ancient Yemeni settled in good geographical areas with suitable natural conditions and practised agriculture. Despite the rugged terrain of the mountainous heights, he built agricultural terraces on the mountains and found irrigation systems, so he dug wells and built dams such as the Ma’arib dam.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84674199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-30DOI: 10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg31
E. Maranga, Leila Ndalilo
Riparian ecosystems are considered hotspots of carbon and nitrogen transformations. These biochemical transformations are driven by anthropogenic activities in the immediate riverine water catchments. The anthropogenic activities may include and not limited to extraction of goods such as agricultural products, wood products, honey, plant based pharmaceutical products, livestock products, firewood, water and grass for thatching homesteads. Riparian ecosystems also provide important tangible and intangible ecosystem services comprising spiritual and aesthetic functions, pollination, ecosystem detoxification functions, carbon and nitrogen sequestration and CO2 sinks for amelioration of climate change impacts among others. These ecosystems are increasingly threatened by degradation attributed to land use changes. Human perturbations such as crop farming on riparian land, overgrazing and population pressure on land resources influence degradation of riparian ecosystems, with profound effects on biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. Evidence from the literature indicates that although there is a general understanding regarding the response of terrestrial and wetland ecosystems to human perturbations, there is a dearth of information on the response of African riparian ecosystems to ecologic and socio-economic impacts.
{"title":"Ecosystems in a State of Flux: Evidence from A Kenyan Coastal Riparian Ecosystem","authors":"E. Maranga, Leila Ndalilo","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is7pg31","url":null,"abstract":"Riparian ecosystems are considered hotspots of carbon and nitrogen transformations. These biochemical transformations are driven by anthropogenic activities in the immediate riverine water catchments. The anthropogenic activities may include and not limited to extraction of goods such as agricultural products, wood products, honey, plant based pharmaceutical products, livestock products, firewood, water and grass for thatching homesteads. Riparian ecosystems also provide important tangible and intangible ecosystem services comprising spiritual and aesthetic functions, pollination, ecosystem detoxification functions, carbon and nitrogen sequestration and CO2 sinks for amelioration of climate change impacts among others. These ecosystems are increasingly threatened by degradation attributed to land use changes. Human perturbations such as crop farming on riparian land, overgrazing and population pressure on land resources influence degradation of riparian ecosystems, with profound effects on biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. Evidence from the literature indicates that although there is a general understanding regarding the response of terrestrial and wetland ecosystems to human perturbations, there is a dearth of information on the response of African riparian ecosystems to ecologic and socio-economic impacts.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76012863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg61
T. Kambe
In the Kundt’s experiment of acoustic resonance in closed tubes, two characteristic lengths were observed: one is the wave-length of the sound waves in resonance and the other the scale of dust striation. The latter has remained unresolved for its formation mechanism. Based on the Fluid Gauge Theory proposed recently by the author, formation mechanism of the dust striation is studied. When the sound is weak enough, the striation is unobserved. Once the wave intensity exceeds a threshold value, dust striations are formed. Formation of the dust striation is understood as a spontaneous transition of symmetry in the acoustics. According to the Theory, there is a transition of stress field within the fluid flow. Whereas the stress field is isotropic before transition, it becomes anisotropic after the transition. This is analogous to the spontaneous symmetry breaking known in the field theory. Lagrangian structures of both systems are verified to be analogous either.
{"title":"Gauge-Theoretic Study of Kundt Tube Experiment and Spontaneous Symmetry Transitions","authors":"T. Kambe","doi":"10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg61","url":null,"abstract":"In the Kundt’s experiment of acoustic resonance in closed tubes, two characteristic lengths were observed: one is the wave-length of the sound waves in resonance and the other the scale of dust striation. The latter has remained unresolved for its formation mechanism. Based on the Fluid Gauge Theory proposed recently by the author, formation mechanism of the dust striation is studied. When the sound is weak enough, the striation is unobserved. Once the wave intensity exceeds a threshold value, dust striations are formed. Formation of the dust striation is understood as a spontaneous transition of symmetry in the acoustics. According to the Theory, there is a transition of stress field within the fluid flow. Whereas the stress field is isotropic before transition, it becomes anisotropic after the transition. This is analogous to the spontaneous symmetry breaking known in the field theory. Lagrangian structures of both systems are verified to be analogous either.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85117801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg1
A. Baz
Torsional vibrations of drill-strings are actively controlled using a non-switching sliding mode strategy. The controller is intended also to reject the effect of the interaction between the drill-bit and rock formation which induces non-linear stick-slip friction torque while tracking a desirable constant angular velocity of the drill-string. In order to demonstrate the merits of the proposed control algorithm, it is integrated with a simple two degrees-of-freedom model of the drill-string which is considered as a benchmark model for studying stick-slip induced torsional vibrations. Details of the development of the individual components making up the entire control action of the sliding mode controller (SMC) are presented. These components aim at rejecting the effect of the external disturbance of the stick-slip disturbance and tracking a reference angular velocity of the drill-string. Such development of the control action components is established using Lyapunov stability criterion. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SMC controller as influenced by the weight-on-bit (WOB), the drill-string rotational speed, and the main parameters of the controller. The stick-slip sensitivity (SSS) maps are developed to illustrate the performance characteristics of the active system for different operating conditions and important design parameters of the SMC. The presented active control approach is envisioned to present an invaluable and practical means for effectively mitigating the undesirable effects of stick-slip frictional disturbances on drill-stings.
{"title":"Active Control of Stick-Slip Torsional Vibrations of Drill-Strings using Non-Switching Sliding Mode Controller","authors":"A. Baz","doi":"10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfravol22is6pg1","url":null,"abstract":"Torsional vibrations of drill-strings are actively controlled using a non-switching sliding mode strategy. The controller is intended also to reject the effect of the interaction between the drill-bit and rock formation which induces non-linear stick-slip friction torque while tracking a desirable constant angular velocity of the drill-string. In order to demonstrate the merits of the proposed control algorithm, it is integrated with a simple two degrees-of-freedom model of the drill-string which is considered as a benchmark model for studying stick-slip induced torsional vibrations. Details of the development of the individual components making up the entire control action of the sliding mode controller (SMC) are presented. These components aim at rejecting the effect of the external disturbance of the stick-slip disturbance and tracking a reference angular velocity of the drill-string. Such development of the control action components is established using Lyapunov stability criterion. Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the SMC controller as influenced by the weight-on-bit (WOB), the drill-string rotational speed, and the main parameters of the controller. The stick-slip sensitivity (SSS) maps are developed to illustrate the performance characteristics of the active system for different operating conditions and important design parameters of the SMC. The presented active control approach is envisioned to present an invaluable and practical means for effectively mitigating the undesirable effects of stick-slip frictional disturbances on drill-stings.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83617043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Winter wheat grain protein content (GPC) is an important criterion for assessing grain quality. A timely and simple GPC model is urgently required for GPC prediction ahead of maturity. The GPC model included regressional models of dry matter and N accumulation and translocation for anthesis and post-anthesis stages, and incorporated both soil nitrogen (N) supply and meterological factors based on historical as well as current season data, final GPC were calculated as the ratio of N accumulation to dry matter in grain at maturity. This study conducted six field experiments during the 2003–2006 and 2008–2011 growing seasons to establish and validate the model. A three-way factorial arrangement of N fertilization, sowing date, and cultivar was conducted using a split-plot design. Critical growth parameters were determined by field measurements, and historical seasonal meteorological data covering the growing period were collected.
{"title":"A Semi-Empirical Model of Winter Wheat Grain Protein Content","authors":"Qian Wang, Cunjun Li, Yuanpi Huang, Wude Yang, Wen-jiang Huang, Ji‐Hua Wang","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrcvol22is2pg1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrcvol22is2pg1","url":null,"abstract":"Winter wheat grain protein content (GPC) is an important criterion for assessing grain quality. A timely and simple GPC model is urgently required for GPC prediction ahead of maturity. The GPC model included regressional models of dry matter and N accumulation and translocation for anthesis and post-anthesis stages, and incorporated both soil nitrogen (N) supply and meterological factors based on historical as well as current season data, final GPC were calculated as the ratio of N accumulation to dry matter in grain at maturity. This study conducted six field experiments during the 2003–2006 and 2008–2011 growing seasons to establish and validate the model. A three-way factorial arrangement of N fertilization, sowing date, and cultivar was conducted using a split-plot design. Critical growth parameters were determined by field measurements, and historical seasonal meteorological data covering the growing period were collected.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86586212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-15DOI: 10.34257/gjsfrcvol22is2pg17
Jontu Chandra Deb
Between August 2019 and October 2020, an ethnobotanical research was carried out to look at how the inhabitants of Nabiganj Upazila of Bangladesh's Habiganj district was noted. The information regarding the ethnobotanical data was obtained by interviewing residents of different age groups, most of them were in the 15 to 55 age range, including medicinal herbalists and hakims. The present paper reported that 68 medicinal plants belonging to 41 families, and 60 genera which have been proven to be helpful in the treatment of 78 diseases. Out of these plant species, 24 belonged to herbs, 27 trees, eight shrubs, and nine climbers. However, other parts of medicinal plants, including the stem, bark, latex, leaf bud, pulp, petiole, fruits, and rhizome, Seed, root, calyx, and peduncle were also shown to be helpful. For each species, scientific name, local name, habit, family, ailments to be treated, mode of treatment, and part(s) used are provided. Local residents of gathered data on medicinal plants, including Nabiganj Upazila of Habiganj district.
{"title":"Ethno-Botanical Study at the Nabiganj Upazila of Habiganj District, Bangladesh","authors":"Jontu Chandra Deb","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrcvol22is2pg17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrcvol22is2pg17","url":null,"abstract":"Between August 2019 and October 2020, an ethnobotanical research was carried out to look at how the inhabitants of Nabiganj Upazila of Bangladesh's Habiganj district was noted. The information regarding the ethnobotanical data was obtained by interviewing residents of different age groups, most of them were in the 15 to 55 age range, including medicinal herbalists and hakims. The present paper reported that 68 medicinal plants belonging to 41 families, and 60 genera which have been proven to be helpful in the treatment of 78 diseases. Out of these plant species, 24 belonged to herbs, 27 trees, eight shrubs, and nine climbers. However, other parts of medicinal plants, including the stem, bark, latex, leaf bud, pulp, petiole, fruits, and rhizome, Seed, root, calyx, and peduncle were also shown to be helpful. For each species, scientific name, local name, habit, family, ailments to be treated, mode of treatment, and part(s) used are provided. Local residents of gathered data on medicinal plants, including Nabiganj Upazila of Habiganj district.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87998067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-07DOI: 10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is6pg1
J. Mowrer, T. Provin, Steven M. Perkins
Heat treatment is effective for removing petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. However, high heat reduces the fertility of soils. This study determined the effect of temperature, and crude oil and salt additions on the fertility of four soils. Effects were assessed immediately after thermal treatment and following an equilibration/stabilization period. Soils were heated at four controlled temperatures (65, 300, 425, and 550°C) and also in an uncontrolled smoldering device, with 0 or 50 g kg-1oil added and with 3 levels of salt solution added (0, 1, or 3 ms cm-1). Soils were ‘rapidly weathered’ via wet/dry cycles at 37°C for five weeks. Initial changes in soil fertility were extreme enough to inhibit plant growth. Soil pH values were positively related to temperature, exceeding pH 8.5 at 550°C. The severity of changes was markedly reduced following incubations, showing that post heat treatment fertility will rebound with time and water.
热处理对去除土壤中的石油烃是有效的。然而，高温降低了土壤的肥力。本研究测定了温度、原油和盐添加量对四种土壤肥力的影响。在热处理后和平衡/稳定期后立即评估效果。土壤在四种受控温度下加热(65、300、425和550°C)，也在不受控制的阴燃装置中加热，添加0或50 g kg-1油，并添加3级盐溶液(0,1或3 ms cm-1)。土壤在37°C的干湿循环中“快速风化”了5周。土壤肥力最初的变化极端到足以抑制植物生长。土壤pH值与温度呈正相关，在550℃时pH值超过8.5。在孵育后，变化的严重程度显著降低，表明热处理后的生育力会随着时间和水分的增加而反弹。
{"title":"Long-Term Soil FertilityChangesFollowing Thermal Desorption to RemoveCrude Oil are Favorable to Revegetation Strategies","authors":"J. Mowrer, T. Provin, Steven M. Perkins","doi":"10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is6pg1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.34257/gjsfrhvol22is6pg1","url":null,"abstract":"Heat treatment is effective for removing petroleum hydrocarbons from soil. However, high heat reduces the fertility of soils. This study determined the effect of temperature, and crude oil and salt additions on the fertility of four soils. Effects were assessed immediately after thermal treatment and following an equilibration/stabilization period. Soils were heated at four controlled temperatures (65, 300, 425, and 550°C) and also in an uncontrolled smoldering device, with 0 or 50 g kg-1oil added and with 3 levels of salt solution added (0, 1, or 3 ms cm-1). Soils were ‘rapidly weathered’ via wet/dry cycles at 37°C for five weeks. Initial changes in soil fertility were extreme enough to inhibit plant growth. Soil pH values were positively related to temperature, exceeding pH 8.5 at 550°C. The severity of changes was markedly reduced following incubations, showing that post heat treatment fertility will rebound with time and water.","PeriodicalId":12547,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Science Frontier Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81286443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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