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2015 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)最新文献

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Systematic optimization of 1 Gbit perpendicular magnetic tunnel junction arrays for 28 nm embedded STT-MRAM and beyond 28nm嵌入式STT-MRAM及以后的1gbit垂直磁隧道结阵列的系统优化
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409771
Chando Park, J. Kan, C. Ching, Jaesoo Ahn, L. Xue, Rongjun Wang, A. Kontos, S. Liang, M. Bangar, Hao Chen, S. Hassan, M. Gottwald, Xiaochun Zhu, M. Pakala, Seung H. Kang
This paper demonstrates the co-optimization of all critical device parameters of perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions (pMTJ) in 1 Gbit arrays with an equivalent bitcell size of 22 F2 at the 28 nm logic node for embedded STT-MRAM. Through thin-film tuning and advanced etching of sub-50 nm (diameter) pMTJ, high device performance and reliability were achieved simultaneously, including TMR = 150 %, Hc > 1350 Oe, Heff <; 100 Oe, Δ = 85, Ic (35 ns) = 94 μA, Vbreakdown = 1.5 V, and high endurance (> 1012 write cycles). Reliable switching with small temporal variations (<; 5 %) was obtained down to 10 ns. In addition, tunnel barrier integrity and high temperature device characteristics were investigated in order to ensure reliable STT-MRAM operation.
本文演示了嵌入式STT-MRAM在28 nm逻辑节点上等效位元尺寸为22 F2的1gbit阵列垂直磁隧道结(pMTJ)的所有关键器件参数的协同优化。通过薄膜调谐和亚50 nm(直径)pMTJ的先进蚀刻,同时实现了高性能和可靠性,包括TMR = 150%, Hc > 1350 Oe, Heff 1012写入周期)。可靠切换,时间变化小(<;5 %),减小到10 ns。此外,为了确保STT-MRAM的可靠运行,还研究了隧道屏障完整性和高温器件特性。
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引用次数: 39
A novel method to characterize the effect from the diffusion of Cu in through silicon via (TSV) 一种表征Cu在硅孔(TSV)中扩散效应的新方法
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409645
Kyung-do Kim, K. Kim, Min-Soo Yoo, Yong-Taik Kim, Sung-Kye Park, Sung-Joo Hong, C. Park, Byung-Gook Park, Jong-Ho Lee
To characterize electrically the effect of the Cu diffusion in TSVs, a new test pattern is proposed and its effectiveness is verified experimentally. The test pattern has a shallow n+ region formed in an n-well region butted to the TSV dielectric surrounding the TSV. Through the n+/n well region, we can measure the diode and gated diode currents, the charge pumping current, and C-V to accurately analyze the effect. Our approach is demonstrated to be very useful by investigating the Cu diffusion effect in samples with two different barrier metal thicknesses.
为了表征Cu在tsv中的扩散效应,提出了一种新的测试模式,并对其有效性进行了实验验证。测试图具有一个浅的n+区,形成于与围绕TSV的TSV介电体对接的n阱区。通过n+/n阱区,我们可以测量二极管和门控二极管的电流、电荷抽运电流和C-V,以准确分析其效果。通过研究两种不同阻挡金属厚度样品中的Cu扩散效应,证明了我们的方法是非常有用的。
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引用次数: 3
Fundamental trade-off between short-channel control and hot carrier degradation in an extremely-thin silicon-on-insulator (ETSOI) technology 在极薄绝缘体上硅(ETSOI)技术中,短通道控制和热载流子退化之间的基本权衡
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409741
S. Shin, M. A. Wahab, W. Ahn, A. Ziabari, K. Maize, A. Shakouri, M. Alam
Extremely thin silicon-on-insulator (ETSOI) structure has been developed to improve gate control and to suppress the short-channel effect (SCE) associated with bulk MOSFET. However, since self-heating in ETSOI may compromise both performance and reliability, a careful analysis of the trade-off between short-channel control and self-heating is needed. In this paper, we (i) characterize channel and surface self-heating of a ETSOI technology as a function of channel thickness (Tsi) and length (Lch) using electrical and optical methods, respectively; (ii) theoretically interpret the trade-off between gate controllability and self-heating effects, (iii) correlate HCI degradation to the degree of self-heating, and (vi) find distinctive universality of HCI degradation (as a function of Tsi and Lch) that enables a long term reliability projection. We conclude that the trade-off between HCI and channel control suggests that thinnest channel may not be optimum; and that the universality of HCI degradation would hold only if self-heating is accounted for.
超薄绝缘体上硅(ETSOI)结构已被开发出来,以改善栅极控制和抑制与大块MOSFET相关的短沟道效应(SCE)。然而,由于ETSOI中的自加热可能会损害性能和可靠性,因此需要对短通道控制和自加热之间的权衡进行仔细分析。在本文中,我们(i)分别使用电学和光学方法表征ETSOI技术的通道和表面自热作为通道厚度(Tsi)和长度(Lch)的函数;(ii)从理论上解释栅极可控性和自热效应之间的权衡,(iii)将HCI退化与自热程度相关联,以及(vi)发现HCI退化的独特普遍性(作为Tsi和Lch的函数),从而实现长期可靠性预测。我们的结论是,HCI和通道控制之间的权衡表明,最薄的通道可能不是最佳的;只有考虑到自热因素,HCI降解的普遍性才会成立。
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引用次数: 8
Scalpel soft retrace scanning spreading resistance microscopy for 3D-carrier profiling in sub-10nm WFIN FinFET 用于亚10nm WFIN FinFET中3d载流子分析的手术刀软回迹扫描扩展电阻显微镜
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409693
P. Eyben, T. Chiarella, S. Kubicek, H. Bender, O. Richard, J. Mitard, A. Mocuta, N. Horiguchi, A. Thean
Site-specific real three-dimensional (3D) carrier profiling in sub-10nm WFIN devices is demonstrated for the first time. Extension-gate overlap, active dopant concentration and distribution inside extensions and epi source/drain are observed with 1 nm-spatial resolution along X, Y and Z-directions. Using this new technique providing full 3D-carrier mapping we analyzed different processing flows for sub-10nm fin width FinFETs, identified possible failure mechanisms, and demonstrated the direct link between improved performance and 3D-carrier distribution at the nm-scale.
首次在10nm以下WFIN器件中展示了特定位点的真实三维(3D)载流子分析。以1nm的空间分辨率沿X、Y和z方向观察延伸栅重叠、延伸栅内活性掺杂浓度和分布以及外延源/漏极。利用这种提供完整3d载流子映射的新技术,我们分析了10nm以下鳍宽finfet的不同处理流程,确定了可能的失效机制,并证明了在纳米尺度上改进性能与3d载流子分布之间的直接联系。
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引用次数: 4
Self-aligned, gate-last process for vertical InAs nanowire MOSFETs on Si 硅基垂直InAs纳米线mosfet的自对准末极制程
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409806
M. Berg, Karl‐Magnus Persson, Olli-Pekka Kilpi, J. Svensson, E. Lind, L. Wernersson
In this work, we present a novel self-aligned gate-last fabrication process for vertical nanowire metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors. The fabrication method allows for exposure dose-defined gate lengths and a local diameter reduction of the intrinsic channel segment, while maintaining thicker highly doped access regions. Using this process, InAs nanowire transistors combining good on- and off-performance are fabricated demonstrating Q = gm,max/SS = 8.2, which is higher than any previously reported vertical nanowire MOSFET.
在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新的垂直纳米线金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管的自对准栅末制造工艺。该制造方法允许暴露剂量定义的栅极长度和固有通道段的局部直径减小,同时保持较厚的高掺杂接入区域。利用该工艺,制备出了具有良好开关性能的InAs纳米线晶体管,其Q = gm,max/SS = 8.2,高于以往报道的任何垂直纳米线MOSFET。
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引用次数: 24
Enhanced sub 20-nm FinFET performance by stacked gate dielectric with less oxygen vacancies featuring higher current drive capability and superior reliability 通过减少氧空位的堆叠栅极电介质增强sub - 20nm FinFET性能,具有更高的电流驱动能力和卓越的可靠性
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409749
Yu-Hsun Chen, Chin-Yu Chen, Cheng-Lin Cho, C. Hsieh, Yung-Chun Wu, K. Chang-Liao, Yung-Hsien Wu
HK-2/HK-1 stacked dielectric was proposed as the gate dielectric for sub-20 nm FinFET technology. Compared to single HK-1 dielectric, the stacked gate dielectric exhibits superior performance in terms of improved drive current by 20~22% and increased transconductance by ~22%. The main reason accounting for the better performance, besides the higher gate capacitance by 4%, is the enhanced carrier mobility by ~33% resulting from less remote scattering due to smaller amount of charged oxygen vacancies which was physically confirmed by EELS and XPS. Owing to the reduced oxygen vacancies, from bias temperature instability and lifetime test, the stacked gate dielectric demonstrates augmented reliability as well. Most importantly, HK-1 and HK-2 are common dielectrics completely compatible with typical processes, rendering the stacked dielectric a promising one for next-generation FinFETs technology.
提出HK-2/HK-1堆叠介质作为sub- 20nm FinFET技术的栅极介质。与单一HK-1电介质相比,叠合栅极电介质的驱动电流提高了20~22%,跨导率提高了约22%。除了栅极电容提高了4%之外,EELS和XPS物理证实了载流子迁移率提高了33%,这是由于较少的带电氧空位导致的远端散射减少。由于减少了氧空位,从偏置温度不稳定性和寿命测试中可以看出,堆叠栅电介质的可靠性也得到了提高。最重要的是,HK-1和HK-2是与典型工艺完全兼容的普通介电体,使堆叠介电体成为下一代finfet技术的有前途的介电体。
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引用次数: 8
Steep subthreshold swing tunnel FETs: GaN/InN/GaN and transition metal dichalcogenide channels 陡峭亚阈值摆动隧道效应晶体管:GaN/InN/GaN和过渡金属二硫化物通道
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409835
A. Seabaugh, S. Fathipour, Wenjun Li, Hao Lu, J. Park, A. Kummel, D. Jena, S. Fullerton‐Shirey, P. Fay
As the understanding of tunnel field-effect transistors (TFET) advances, new approaches are emerging to lower off-currents, lower defect density in tunnel junctions, and to increase the highest current at which the subthreshold swing of 60 mV/decade (I60) appears. III-N heterojunctions and transition-metal-dichalcogenide (TMD) materials are forcing some new thinking in junction design and doping.
随着对隧道场效应晶体管(TFET)理解的不断深入,新的方法正在出现,以降低关闭电流,降低隧道结的缺陷密度,并增加出现60 mV/ 10年亚阈值摆幅(I60)的最高电流。III-N异质结和过渡金属-二硫族化合物(TMD)材料在结设计和掺杂方面引发了一些新的思考。
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引用次数: 26
A single-electron analysis of NAND flash memory programming NAND闪存编程的单电子分析
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409700
G. Nicosia, G. M. Paolucci, C. M. Compagnoni, D. Resnati, C. Miccoli, A. Spinelli, A. Lacaita, A. Visconti, A. Goda
We present the first single-electron analysis of the program operation of NAND Flash arrays. The analysis leads, first of all, to a direct extraction not only of the average value but also of the statistical spread of the control-gate to floating-gate cell capacitance (Cpp). This allows, then, to assess the impact of Cpp variability, electron injection statistics and read noise on the distribution of the threshold-voltage shift coming from a programming pulse applied to the array cells. Finally, the electron leakage through the inter-gate dielectric along program is easily and directly quantified under real operating conditions.
我们提出了NAND闪存阵列程序操作的第一个单电子分析。首先,该分析不仅可以直接提取平均值,还可以直接提取控制栅对浮栅电池电容(Cpp)的统计扩展。这样,就可以评估Cpp可变性、电子注入统计数据和读取噪声对应用于阵列单元的编程脉冲产生的阈值电压位移分布的影响。最后,在实际工作条件下,通过栅间介电介质沿程序进行的电子泄漏易于直接量化。
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引用次数: 7
Bandgap engineering in 2D layered materials 二维层状材料中的带隙工程
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409782
T. Chu, Zhihong Chen
Bandgap engineering is a powerful technique for the design of new electronic and optoelectronic devices. Different from traditional approaches that rely on sophisticated material synthesis systems, we demonstrate that bandgap engineering is feasible in 2D layered materials through electric field control. We will show that a bandgap of ~200meV can be opened in bilayer graphene, while a large bandgap reduction is achievable in bilayer MoS2. More importantly, this spontaneous field-controlled bandgap tuning occurs during device operation, which creates a new platform to design novel electronic devices with dynamic bandwidth.
带隙工程是设计新型电子和光电子器件的有力技术。与依赖复杂材料合成系统的传统方法不同,我们证明了通过电场控制在二维层状材料中进行带隙工程是可行的。我们将证明,在双层石墨烯中可以打开~200meV的带隙,而在双层MoS2中可以实现大的带隙减小。更重要的是,这种自发的场控带隙调谐发生在器件工作过程中,这为设计具有动态带宽的新型电子器件创造了一个新的平台。
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive assessment of RRAM-based PUF for hardware security applications 硬件安全应用中基于ram的PUF的综合评估
Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1109/IEDM.2015.7409672
An Chen
The stochastic behavior and intrinsic variability of resistive random access memory (RRAM) can be utilized to implement physical unclonable function (PUF) for hardware security applications. Performance of RRAM PUF depends on RRAM device characteristics. Reliability of RRAM PUF may degrade with retention loss, read instability and thermal variation, while PUF uniqueness is maintained as long as the randomness in RRAM resistance distribution is preserved. Based on key PUF metrics, this paper presents a systematic approach for a comprehensive evaluation of this novel application of RRAM.
电阻式随机存取存储器(RRAM)的随机特性和内在可变性可以用来实现硬件安全应用中的物理不可克隆功能(PUF)。RRAM PUF的性能取决于RRAM器件的特性。RRAM PUF的可靠性可能会因保留损失、读取不稳定性和热变化而降低,但只要保持RRAM电阻分布的随机性,PUF就保持唯一性。基于关键的PUF指标,本文提出了一种系统的方法来全面评估这种RRAM的新应用。
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引用次数: 64
期刊
2015 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM)
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