Pub Date : 2022-04-11DOI: 10.1075/target.00006.iva
I. Ivaska, Laura Ivaska
One of the major barriers to the systematic study of indirect translation – that is, translations of translations – is the lack of efficient methods to identify these translations. In this article, we use supervised machine learning to examine whether computers can be harnessed to identify indirect translations. Our data consist of a monolingual comparable corpus that includes (1) nontranslated Finnish texts, (2) direct translations from English, French, German, Greek, and Swedish into Finnish, and (3) indirect translations from Greek (the ultimate source language) via English, French, German, and Swedish (mediating languages) into Finnish. We use n-grams of various types and lengths as feature sets and random forests as the statistical classification technique. To maximize the transferability of the method, the feature sets were implemented in accordance with the Universal Dependencies framework. This study confirms that computers can distinguish between translated and nontranslated Finnish, as well as between Finnish translations made from different source languages. Regarding indirect translations, the ultimate source language has a greater impact on the linguistic composition of indirect Finnish translations than their respective mediating languages. Hence, the indirect translations could not be reliably identified. Therefore, our results suggest that the reliable computational identification of indirect translations and their mediating languages requires a way to control for the effect of the ultimate source language.
{"title":"Source language classification of indirect translations","authors":"I. Ivaska, Laura Ivaska","doi":"10.1075/target.00006.iva","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/target.00006.iva","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One of the major barriers to the systematic study of indirect translation – that is, translations of\u0000 translations – is the lack of efficient methods to identify these translations. In this article, we use supervised machine\u0000 learning to examine whether computers can be harnessed to identify indirect translations. Our data consist of a monolingual\u0000 comparable corpus that includes (1) nontranslated Finnish texts, (2) direct translations from English, French, German, Greek, and\u0000 Swedish into Finnish, and (3) indirect translations from Greek (the ultimate source language) via English, French, German, and\u0000 Swedish (mediating languages) into Finnish. We use n-grams of various types and lengths as feature sets and random forests as the\u0000 statistical classification technique. To maximize the transferability of the method, the feature sets were implemented in\u0000 accordance with the Universal Dependencies framework. This study confirms that computers can distinguish between translated and\u0000 nontranslated Finnish, as well as between Finnish translations made from different source languages. Regarding indirect\u0000 translations, the ultimate source language has a greater impact on the linguistic composition of indirect Finnish translations\u0000 than their respective mediating languages. Hence, the indirect translations could not be reliably identified. Therefore, our\u0000 results suggest that the reliable computational identification of indirect translations and their mediating languages requires a\u0000 way to control for the effect of the ultimate source language.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90161296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-04DOI: 10.1075/target.20121.vra
Jelena Vranjes, Bert Oben
This article presents the results of an exploratory study on the timing of turn-taking in face-to-face dialogue interpreting based on a corpus of interpreted interactions that were recorded with mobile eye-trackers. Our aims were to: (1) investigate the timing of interpreters’ turns in dialogic interaction; and (2) identify features that have an impact on interpreters’ turn-taking speed. These include input processing factors (including turn type and turn duration) and gaze, which have been shown to play an important role in turn-taking. The analysis shows that, although interpreters in our study tend to orient to the maxim ‘one speaker at a time’, turn transitions between the primary speaker and the interpreter contain more gaps and longer overlaps than have been found for same-language interactions. It also shows that the type of turn produced by the primary speaker (question vs. non-question), the primary speaker’s speech rate, and, to a certain extent, turn duration affect the interpreter’s turn-taking speed. Thus, the present study contributes to a better understanding of the processes that impact the timing of turn-taking in face-to-face dialogue interpreting.
{"title":"Anticipation and timing of turn-taking in dialogue interpreting","authors":"Jelena Vranjes, Bert Oben","doi":"10.1075/target.20121.vra","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/target.20121.vra","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article presents the results of an exploratory study on the timing of turn-taking in face-to-face dialogue\u0000 interpreting based on a corpus of interpreted interactions that were recorded with mobile eye-trackers. Our aims were to: (1)\u0000 investigate the timing of interpreters’ turns in dialogic interaction; and (2) identify features that have an impact on\u0000 interpreters’ turn-taking speed. These include input processing factors (including turn type and turn duration) and gaze, which\u0000 have been shown to play an important role in turn-taking. The analysis shows that, although interpreters in our study tend to\u0000 orient to the maxim ‘one speaker at a time’, turn transitions between the primary speaker and the interpreter contain more gaps\u0000 and longer overlaps than have been found for same-language interactions. It also shows that the type of turn produced by the\u0000 primary speaker (question vs. non-question), the primary speaker’s speech rate, and, to a certain extent, turn duration affect the\u0000 interpreter’s turn-taking speed. Thus, the present study contributes to a better understanding of the processes that impact the\u0000 timing of turn-taking in face-to-face dialogue interpreting.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77698947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-27DOI: 10.1075/target.20198.lee
T. Lee
This article advances the notion of translatophilia, defined as the fetishisation of translation in hypercorrection of its perceived marginalisation. Using how Translation Studies scholars have engaged with the copyright regime in postpositivist fashion as a case in point, it argues that in the course of resisting structuralist notions of originality and authorship, Translation Studies has ironically come to fetishise its object of study as the privileged site of a new individuality and personality – romantic myths it initially set out to dispel. In light of the recent ‘outward turn’ in Translation Studies, the article identifies sources of anxiety in the field that have pushed it toward extreme theorisation. It proposes that before Translation Studies makes its outward turn, it is pertinent for it to first turn inward to combat its translatophiliac tendencies.
{"title":"Translatophilia","authors":"T. Lee","doi":"10.1075/target.20198.lee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/target.20198.lee","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article advances the notion of translatophilia, defined as the fetishisation of translation in hypercorrection of its perceived marginalisation. Using how Translation Studies scholars have engaged with the copyright regime in postpositivist fashion as a case in point, it argues that in the course of resisting structuralist notions of originality and authorship, Translation Studies has ironically come to fetishise its object of study as the privileged site of a new individuality and personality – romantic myths it initially set out to dispel. In light of the recent ‘outward turn’ in Translation Studies, the article identifies sources of anxiety in the field that have pushed it toward extreme theorisation. It proposes that before Translation Studies makes its outward turn, it is pertinent for it to first turn inward to combat its translatophiliac tendencies.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88631830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.1075/target.20148.wen
Yueh-sheng Weng, Binghan Zheng, Yanping Dong
Translators may experience significant psychological and physiological responses to time pressure. This study examines such responses with the aim of identifying valid indicators of time pressure in written translation. Forty-five postgraduates participated in the study, translating three comparable English texts into Chinese under three time conditions (Short, Standard, and Free). A positive relation between time stringency and the arousal level detected by a set of self-reporting and biomarker measures was hypothesised. The hypothesis was corroborated by results derived from participants’ self-reporting on stress and anxiety, and the biomarkers of heart rate, blood pressure, and pupil dilation, but not by skin temperature, galvanic skin response (GSR), and heart rate variability (HRV). Thus, the measures that confirm the hypothesis are considered successful indicators of time pressure in translation. In addition, an inverted ‘U-shaped’ pattern was observed in the relation between time stringency and the arousal level indexed by GSR and HRV. These findings may facilitate research and training in translation and other cognitively demanding language-processing activities.
{"title":"Time pressure in translation","authors":"Yueh-sheng Weng, Binghan Zheng, Yanping Dong","doi":"10.1075/target.20148.wen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/target.20148.wen","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Translators may experience significant psychological and physiological responses to time pressure. This study examines such responses with the aim of identifying valid indicators of time pressure in written translation. Forty-five postgraduates participated in the study, translating three comparable English texts into Chinese under three time conditions (Short, Standard, and Free). A positive relation between time stringency and the arousal level detected by a set of self-reporting and biomarker measures was hypothesised. The hypothesis was corroborated by results derived from participants’ self-reporting on stress and anxiety, and the biomarkers of heart rate, blood pressure, and pupil dilation, but not by skin temperature, galvanic skin response (GSR), and heart rate variability (HRV). Thus, the measures that confirm the hypothesis are considered successful indicators of time pressure in translation. In addition, an inverted ‘U-shaped’ pattern was observed in the relation between time stringency and the arousal level indexed by GSR and HRV. These findings may facilitate research and training in translation and other cognitively demanding language-processing activities.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73035385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Interpretation may be suited to the transmission of improvized speech, but today’s conference interpreter is likely to devote much time to the interpretation of prepared statements which can constitute a considerable challenge. Interpreters frequently prefer to receive these texts in written form, with a view to the preparation of their work or, at the very least, to have them as a visual support for their interpretation. Under the pressure of complaints that an inadequate share of texts was being supplied to interpreters, the interpretation management in a multilateral organization conceptualized, designed and implemented a system to encourage the direct and timely transmission of delegates’ statements to interpreters. This article describes this process, indicates the levels of success achieved, and explains unexpected obstacles and benefits, such as improved integration of interpreters into the meetings secretariats. It points towards the need for the support of organizations’ management in developing and implementing such systems, including the relevant technology. Last but not least, it explains how it is vital to garner the trust of delegates and speakers that their texts will be treated with due care and that such systems serve the faithful interpretation of their messages.
{"title":"Electronic Transmission to Conference Interpreters of Texts of Statements: Introduction of an Experimental System","authors":"Ian A. Newton","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Interpretation may be suited to the transmission of improvized speech, but today’s conference interpreter is likely to devote much time to the interpretation of prepared statements which can constitute a considerable challenge. Interpreters frequently prefer\u0000 to receive these texts in written form, with a view to the preparation of their work or, at the very least, to have them as a visual support for their interpretation. Under the pressure of complaints that an inadequate share of texts was being supplied to interpreters, the interpretation management\u0000 in a multilateral organization conceptualized, designed and implemented a system to encourage the direct and timely transmission of delegates’ statements to interpreters. This article describes this process, indicates the levels of success achieved, and explains unexpected obstacles\u0000 and benefits, such as improved integration of interpreters into the meetings secretariats. It points towards the need for the support of organizations’ management in developing and implementing such systems, including the relevant technology. Last but not least, it explains how it is\u0000 vital to garner the trust of delegates and speakers that their texts will be treated with due care and that such systems serve the faithful interpretation of their messages.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77124651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This interview examines the unique value of Chinese classical poetry and modern literature in translation from the perspective of Prof. Dr. Riccardo Moratto, a renowned translator and Sinologist. Professor Moratto presents the basic picture of the translation and dissemination of Chinese literature in Italy, and shares his fundamental ideas on Chinese literary translation. In the classical poetry translation process, Professor Moratto is committed to the greatest possible extent to conveying the “xing” quality of the Chinese poetic tradition, to restoring the formal characteristics of the original poems, to preserving the poetic meaning, and constructing the cultural imagery and cultural heterogeneity carried by the poems. Through his selection of works and skilful translations, Professor Moratto presents to the target readership the unique individual life experiences and Chinese cultural imagery associated with the selected works. He believes that literary translation builds the path of shared human experience, showing the choices people make in different contexts vis-à-vis different situations, and that readers of the translated language expand their Weltanschauung through “empathy”. At the end of the interview, Professor Moratto points out that the greatest value of translating Chinese literature and the mission of translators is to bring forth the unique wisdom of the Chinese people, which is carried for example in the I Ching, so that target readers can perceive the “inner transcendence” that is different from the “outer transcendence” of Western culture and can understand the fundamental wisdom of the “Middle Way” ().
{"title":"The World, the Text, and the Translator: An Interview with Renowned Sinologist and Translator Prof. Dr. Riccardo Moratto","authors":"L. Lí, Riccardo Moratto","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This interview examines the unique value of Chinese classical poetry and modern literature in translation from the perspective of Prof. Dr. Riccardo Moratto, a renowned translator and Sinologist. Professor Moratto presents the basic picture of the translation and\u0000 dissemination of Chinese literature in Italy, and shares his fundamental ideas on Chinese literary translation. In the classical poetry translation process, Professor Moratto is committed to the greatest possible extent to conveying the “xing” quality of the Chinese poetic\u0000 tradition, to restoring the formal characteristics of the original poems, to preserving the poetic meaning, and constructing the cultural imagery and cultural heterogeneity carried by the poems. Through his selection of works and skilful translations, Professor Moratto presents to the target\u0000 readership the unique individual life experiences and Chinese cultural imagery associated with the selected works. He believes that literary translation builds the path of shared human experience, showing the choices people make in different contexts vis-à-vis different situations,\u0000 and that readers of the translated language expand their Weltanschauung through “empathy”. At the end of the interview, Professor Moratto points out that the greatest value of translating Chinese literature and the mission of translators is to bring forth the unique wisdom\u0000 of the Chinese people, which is carried for example in the I Ching, so that target readers can perceive the “inner transcendence” that is different from the “outer transcendence” of Western culture and can understand the fundamental wisdom of the “Middle\u0000 Way” ().","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89891011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article attempts to establish the ethical limits of the practice of literary translation. A distinction is made between personal ethics and professional ethics. Special attention is paid to the limits of text manipulation, as this may, in many cases, result in an unintentional manipulation of the past.
{"title":"Professional and Personal Ethics in Times of Change","authors":"Carlos Fortea","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article attempts to establish the ethical limits of the practice of literary translation. A distinction is made between personal ethics and professional ethics. Special attention is paid to the limits of text manipulation, as this may, in many cases, result\u0000 in an unintentional manipulation of the past.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74296180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Global health and environmental crises have thrown into sharp relief the interrelatedness of human agency with the ecological systems in which it is embedded. Translation studies has seen a recent interest in connections between ecology and translation and interpreting (T&I). These developments parallel those in other disciplines that can deepen our understanding of situated T&I, principally communicative ecology. The communicative ecology model can help improve our interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge of the interactive dynamics between T&I and the predominantly organizational settings in which they take place. Organization studies provides a powerful framework in the form of “Communication Constitutes Organization” (CCO), where recent research indicates that translators’ agency can be a valuable organizational asset, but one whose impact is restricted by self-concept issues and overly linear, top-down processes that prevent translators’ and other agents’ interactive involvement in both conveying and shaping organizational identities and strategic messages. The time is ripe to recalibrate research to address the ecological dimensions of organizational T&I. By applying the methods of translatorial linguistic ethnography and ethnographic action research in networks, we can come to understand the rich layers of the communicative ecologies where translators and interpreters work, and act purposefully on the findings.
{"title":"Recalibrating Research on Translation and Interpreting to Explore Communicative Ecologies in Organizations","authors":"G. Massey","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Global health and environmental crises have thrown into sharp relief the interrelatedness of human agency with the ecological systems in which it is embedded. Translation studies has seen a recent interest in connections between ecology and translation and interpreting\u0000 (T&I). These developments parallel those in other disciplines that can deepen our understanding of situated T&I, principally communicative ecology. The communicative ecology model can help improve our interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary knowledge of the interactive dynamics between\u0000 T&I and the predominantly organizational settings in which they take place. Organization studies provides a powerful framework in the form of “Communication Constitutes Organization” (CCO), where recent research indicates that translators’ agency can be a valuable organizational\u0000 asset, but one whose impact is restricted by self-concept issues and overly linear, top-down processes that prevent translators’ and other agents’ interactive involvement in both conveying and shaping organizational identities and strategic messages. The time is ripe to recalibrate\u0000 research to address the ecological dimensions of organizational T&I. By applying the methods of translatorial linguistic ethnography and ethnographic action research in networks, we can come to understand the rich layers of the communicative ecologies where translators and interpreters\u0000 work, and act purposefully on the findings.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88414529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lucia Gaffuri, J. Annoni, Y. Zheng, E. Monaco, Hannelore Lee-Jahnke
Abstract This review focuses on embodied semantic theories of language, which assume a concomitant activation of sensorimotor areas during verbal processing. Behavioural and functional studies showing the influence of semantic treatment on perceptuo- and sensori-motor cortices are here presented. We focus on embodiment of the second language (L2) in bilingual subjects which, contrary to the native language (L1) embodiment, has been much less addressed. After providing current models of bilingual language processing, we will consider factors which may explain different depths of embodiment of L2, as observed in several studies. In particular, we will provide insight into proficiency (i.e. the ability one has in L2 usage), immersion (i.e. the degree of exposure to L2) and the age of acquisition of L2. We will also provide suggestions regarding the potential expansion of knowledge in this domain: embodied semantics research in bilinguals might give a boost to therapeutic approaches to the rehabilitation of bilingual aphasic patients. Lastly, considerations are presented about theoretical as well as practical implications for translation research.
{"title":"Embodied Semantics in a Second Language: An Interdisciplinary Review","authors":"Lucia Gaffuri, J. Annoni, Y. Zheng, E. Monaco, Hannelore Lee-Jahnke","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This review focuses on embodied semantic theories of language, which assume a concomitant activation of sensorimotor areas during verbal processing. Behavioural and functional studies showing the influence of semantic treatment on perceptuo- and sensori-motor cortices\u0000 are here presented. We focus on embodiment of the second language (L2) in bilingual subjects which, contrary to the native language (L1) embodiment, has been much less addressed. After providing current models of bilingual language processing, we will consider factors which may explain different\u0000 depths of embodiment of L2, as observed in several studies. In particular, we will provide insight into proficiency (i.e. the ability one has in L2 usage), immersion (i.e. the degree of exposure to L2) and the age of acquisition of L2. We will also provide suggestions regarding the potential\u0000 expansion of knowledge in this domain: embodied semantics research in bilinguals might give a boost to therapeutic approaches to the rehabilitation of bilingual aphasic patients. Lastly, considerations are presented about theoretical as well as practical implications for translation research.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85254986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The International Annual Meeting on Language Arrangements, Documentation and Publications (IAMLADP), a mechanism that brings together international organizations (IOs), is led by the United Nations and addresses such functions as the organization and management of language services, publications and conferences. This study uses the R Project for Statistical Computing to collect and analyse the discourse patterns of job descriptions issued by IAMLADP members for their job vacancies for language professionals, including interpreters, translators, revisers, editors and verbatim reporters. We also make recommendations regarding the interaction between IOs and universities in training qualified language professionals. Our finding was that, among the six UN official languages, English and French language skills are still most frequently required by IAMLADP organizations. In addition, this study identifies the competencies, level of education and years of working experience most frequently required of job applicants. Therefore, it aims to provide some insights into job requirements of IAMLADP organizations, and to inspire universities to adapt their training programs accordingly.
{"title":"Bridging the Gap: Requirements of International Organizations and their Implications for the Training of Language Professionals","authors":"Zhimiao Yang, Ailing Zhang, Zhuguo Li, Ning Ding","doi":"10.3726/jts012022.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3726/jts012022.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The International Annual Meeting on Language Arrangements, Documentation and Publications (IAMLADP), a mechanism that brings together international organizations (IOs), is led by the United Nations and addresses such functions as the organization and management of\u0000 language services, publications and conferences. This study uses the R Project for Statistical Computing to collect and analyse the discourse patterns of job descriptions issued by IAMLADP members for their job vacancies for language professionals, including interpreters, translators, revisers,\u0000 editors and verbatim reporters. We also make recommendations regarding the interaction between IOs and universities in training qualified language professionals. Our finding was that, among the six UN official languages, English and French language skills are still most frequently required\u0000 by IAMLADP organizations. In addition, this study identifies the competencies, level of education and years of working experience most frequently required of job applicants. Therefore, it aims to provide some insights into job requirements of IAMLADP organizations, and to inspire universities\u0000 to adapt their training programs accordingly.","PeriodicalId":51739,"journal":{"name":"Target-International Journal of Translation Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89506775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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