Pub Date : 2021-03-07DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP1-12
M. Al-Wardy
Digital change detection techniques using multi-temporal satellite imagery helps in understanding landscape dynamics. The present study assesses the spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation cover change in the coastal wilayat of Al-Suwaiq, Sultanate of Oman using field and remote sensing data. The study was conducted at various distances from the coastline, considering the variability in soil and water salinity. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using the Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite images and classified into three main classes to evaluate the monthly and annual vegetation cover change between 1987 and 2016. Soil and water samples were collected during the cultivated season in Al-Suwaiq and analyzed mainly for salinity. Vegetation cover maps showed a general shift in vegetation biomass from regions closer to the coast (north-side) as water salinity increased with time. Between 1988 and 1999, vegetation cover increased by 7.7%, whereas it declined by 1.5 % in the study area along the coast. However, between 1999 and 2016, the vegetation cover decreased further by 5% along the coast while increasing by 12.2% farther from the coast. The largest increase in the area was for vegetation covers falling within the moderate (0.33-0.67) and high (0.67-0.86) NDVI classes. In conclusion, vegetation cover in Al-Suwaiq reduced along the coastline and shifted agriculture activities and increased cultivation from the North to the South of Wilayat. Therefore, agriculture activities on the Southside of the Wilayat should be controlled to prevent further degradation of water quality and its possible effect on agricultural farmlands.
{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Vegetation Cover in Al- Suwaiq Using Satellite Images Analysis","authors":"M. Al-Wardy","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP1-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP1-12","url":null,"abstract":"Digital change detection techniques using multi-temporal satellite imagery helps in understanding landscape dynamics. The present study assesses the spatial and temporal dynamics of vegetation cover change in the coastal wilayat of Al-Suwaiq, Sultanate of Oman using field and remote sensing data. The study was conducted at various distances from the coastline, considering the variability in soil and water salinity. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was calculated using the Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI satellite images and classified into three main classes to evaluate the monthly and annual vegetation cover change between 1987 and 2016. Soil and water samples were collected during the cultivated season in Al-Suwaiq and analyzed mainly for salinity. Vegetation cover maps showed a general shift in vegetation biomass from regions closer to the coast (north-side) as water salinity increased with time. Between 1988 and 1999, vegetation cover increased by 7.7%, whereas it declined by 1.5 % in the study area along the coast. However, between 1999 and 2016, the vegetation cover decreased further by 5% along the coast while increasing by 12.2% farther from the coast. The largest increase in the area was for vegetation covers falling within the moderate (0.33-0.67) and high (0.67-0.86) NDVI classes. In conclusion, vegetation cover in Al-Suwaiq reduced along the coastline and shifted agriculture activities and increased cultivation from the North to the South of Wilayat. Therefore, agriculture activities on the Southside of the Wilayat should be controlled to prevent further degradation of water quality and its possible effect on agricultural farmlands.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42974634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP53-56
Aaisha K. Al-Saadia, Abdulrahim M. Al-Ismaili, Mohammed Al-Ruzeikib, Ismail M Al-Bulushib
During fish drying process, elements and processes that affect the quality of dried fish might take place. The traditional sun-drying approach incurs major losses of the dried fish in terms of quantity and quality. Dried fish also suffer from insects and sand contamination as well as high concentration of ash especially when fish is dried on sand. The presence of microorganisms is another major factor affecting the quality of dried fish. In this project, a number of analytical tests were used to verify the presence of biochemical contamination in dried fish, as well as to propose an engineering solution to reduce the incidence of these contaminations. Two types of fish samples (anchovy and kingfish) were collected from two local markets (Buraimi and Seeb). The parameters analyzed included Total Fungal Count (TFC), Total Viable Count (TVC) and enumeration of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Coliforms species in dried fish. Results showed the presence of 3 types of bacteria; E. coli, staphylococcus aureus, and coliforms in anchovy samples more than in kingfish (locally known as “Owal”) samples from both places. The kingfish samples from both places showed the presence of fungi at very small quantities (TFC<2000 cfu/ml) while the anchovy brought from Buraimi market had much more fungi which was relatively more than that brought from Seeb market. From the above results, great concern has to be made when purchasing dried fish. We recommend to dry fish under more hygienic conditions and to use solar driers instead of direct drying on beach sands.
{"title":"Microbiological Assessment of Locally Dried Fish in Oman: Technical Note","authors":"Aaisha K. Al-Saadia, Abdulrahim M. Al-Ismaili, Mohammed Al-Ruzeikib, Ismail M Al-Bulushib","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP53-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP53-56","url":null,"abstract":"During fish drying process, elements and processes that affect the quality of dried fish might take place. The traditional sun-drying approach incurs major losses of the dried fish in terms of quantity and quality. Dried fish also suffer from insects and sand contamination as well as high concentration of ash especially when fish is dried on sand. The presence of microorganisms is another major factor affecting the quality of dried fish. In this project, a number of analytical tests were used to verify the presence of biochemical contamination in dried fish, as well as to propose an engineering solution to reduce the incidence of these contaminations. Two types of fish samples (anchovy and kingfish) were collected from two local markets (Buraimi and Seeb). The parameters analyzed included Total Fungal Count (TFC), Total Viable Count (TVC) and enumeration of E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Coliforms species in dried fish. Results showed the presence of 3 types of bacteria; E. coli, staphylococcus aureus, and coliforms in anchovy samples more than in kingfish (locally known as “Owal”) samples from both places. The kingfish samples from both places showed the presence of fungi at very small quantities (TFC<2000 cfu/ml) while the anchovy brought from Buraimi market had much more fungi which was relatively more than that brought from Seeb market. From the above results, great concern has to be made when purchasing dried fish. We recommend to dry fish under more hygienic conditions and to use solar driers instead of direct drying on beach sands.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"53–56-53–56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69295705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP57-61
Vandita Singh, M. Rahman, N. Guizani, Hakikulla H. Shah
Food industries are looking for the suitable instrumental methods that estimate consistently sensory textural qualities of food products. Monitoring texture using instrumental methods is cheaper over time than maintaining a sensory quality panel. Therefore, a good relation between sensory and instrumental textural attributes could be highly beneficial. Earlier the sensory and instrumental texture profile analysis (TPA) of date fruits were published. In the present research, we aimed to report the relation between instrumental and sensory textural attributes of date fruit varieties. Instrumental TPA and sensory textural attributes were correlated. We found significant correlations between sensory and instrumental TPA attributes of date fruits varieties and this suggests a great promise for developing on-line quality control.
{"title":"Correlation between Sensory and Instrumental Textural Attributes of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) fruits: Technical Note","authors":"Vandita Singh, M. Rahman, N. Guizani, Hakikulla H. Shah","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP57-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP57-61","url":null,"abstract":"Food industries are looking for the suitable instrumental methods that estimate consistently sensory textural qualities of food products. Monitoring texture using instrumental methods is cheaper over time than maintaining a sensory quality panel. Therefore, a good relation between sensory and instrumental textural attributes could be highly beneficial. Earlier the sensory and instrumental texture profile analysis (TPA) of date fruits were published. In the present research, we aimed to report the relation between instrumental and sensory textural attributes of date fruit varieties. Instrumental TPA and sensory textural attributes were correlated. We found significant correlations between sensory and instrumental TPA attributes of date fruits varieties and this suggests a great promise for developing on-line quality control.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"57–61-57–61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69295803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP62-65
H. Jayasuriya
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted all aspects of social life all over the world It has also significantly affected the global education system from primary to tertiary levels The effect on college education has likely to be substantial, as some specializations and academic activities have undergone severe setbacks by virtue of the need for the presence of dynamic, face to face student-teacher interactions to provide effective teaching delivery This article pinpoints the evident setbacks from a quality assurance perspective, when considering selected components such as graduation projects, internships, laboratory and field work in certain degree programs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Agricultural & Marine Sciences (JAMS) is the property of Sultan Qaboos University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )
{"title":"Effect of COVID-19 pandemic situation on the teaching of Graduation Projects and Internship type courses in undergraduate degree programs","authors":"H. Jayasuriya","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP62-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP62-65","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted all aspects of social life all over the world It has also significantly affected the global education system from primary to tertiary levels The effect on college education has likely to be substantial, as some specializations and academic activities have undergone severe setbacks by virtue of the need for the presence of dynamic, face to face student-teacher interactions to provide effective teaching delivery This article pinpoints the evident setbacks from a quality assurance perspective, when considering selected components such as graduation projects, internships, laboratory and field work in certain degree programs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of Agricultural & Marine Sciences (JAMS) is the property of Sultan Qaboos University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"62-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69295817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP47-52
M. Waly
Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium are two edible wild Omani plants with known preventive effects on various human diseases, yet their therapeutic role in colon cancer was not studied. Azoxymethane (AOM) is a common oxidizing agent that induces colon cancer in experimental animal models. In the current study, we examined the protective effect of Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts against AOM-induced cancer and oxidative stress in rat colon. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 rats/group). The Control group was fed a standard diet; the AOM-treated group was fed a standard diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of AOM at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for each rat. The other four groups received intragastric intubation of Pteropyrum scoparium or Oxalis corniculate leaves extracts (0.1 mg extract/ 1 mL water/day) in the absence or presence of AOM injection. After 8 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and the colon tissues were dissected for Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) enumeration of cancer lesions development, and for measurements of glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DNA oxidative damage. Our results showed that the AOM-injected rats showed a significant increased level of DNA oxidative damage, lower levels of GSH and TAC, and higher ACF as compared to the control group. Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts significantly suppressed the oxidative damage associated with AOM injection and mitigated its carcinogenic effect in rat colon. Both Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts act as potent antioxidants and combat the AOM-associated oxidative stress and colon carcinogenesis. The data from this study suggest that dietary supplementation of these two wild plants might be applied as a therapeutic agent for colon cancer treatment.
{"title":"Protective effect of Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium Leaves Extracts against Azoxymethane-induced oxidative stress and colon carcinogenesis","authors":"M. Waly","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP47-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP47-52","url":null,"abstract":"Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium are two edible wild Omani plants with known preventive effects on various human diseases, yet their therapeutic role in colon cancer was not studied. Azoxymethane (AOM) is a common oxidizing agent that induces colon cancer in experimental animal models. In the current study, we examined the protective effect of Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts against AOM-induced cancer and oxidative stress in rat colon. Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (10 rats/group). The Control group was fed a standard diet; the AOM-treated group was fed a standard diet and received an intraperitoneal injection of AOM at a dose of 30 mg/kg body weight for each rat. The other four groups received intragastric intubation of Pteropyrum scoparium or Oxalis corniculate leaves extracts (0.1 mg extract/ 1 mL water/day) in the absence or presence of AOM injection. After 8 weeks, all rats were sacrificed and the colon tissues were dissected for Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF) enumeration of cancer lesions development, and for measurements of glutathione (GSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and DNA oxidative damage. Our results showed that the AOM-injected rats showed a significant increased level of DNA oxidative damage, lower levels of GSH and TAC, and higher ACF as compared to the control group. Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts significantly suppressed the oxidative damage associated with AOM injection and mitigated its carcinogenic effect in rat colon. Both Oxalis corniculate and Pteropyrum scoparium leaves extracts act as potent antioxidants and combat the AOM-associated oxidative stress and colon carcinogenesis. The data from this study suggest that dietary supplementation of these two wild plants might be applied as a therapeutic agent for colon cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"47–52-47–52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69296121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP21-26
M. N. Asi, W. Al-Marzooqi, Yasmin ElTahir, Al Ghalya, Al Ghalya Al Toobi, S. A. Raisi, H. Ali, Eugene H. Johnson
Camels are important and multipurpose animals in many parts of the world including Middle East. Camel milk may harbor different bacteria. Centuries old tradition of consumption of raw camel milk is still a common practice in Oman. This study was carried out to conduct a microbiological analysis of camel milk samples with subclinical mastitis in the region of Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. A total of 61 camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk samples were collected from various animal holdings in and around Muscat. Onsite California Mastitis Test (CMT) revealed 18 (29%) camels positive for subclinical mastitis. Positive milk samples were subjected to routine microbiological workup for bacterial isolation and identification. A total of 7 (47%) Enterobacter cloacae isolates, 4 (27%) Escherichia. coli, 3 (20%) coagulase negative Staphylococci spp. (CNS) and 1 (7%) Micrococcus spp. were identified out of 15 milk samples. Three milk samples did not yield any growth after two repeat attempts. Isolates belonging to Enterobacteriaceae were further subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity testing. All E. cloacae samples 7 (100%) were found to be resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, first generation cephalosporins, and the macrolide group of antibiotics whereas 3 (43%) E. cloacae isolates were found to be intermediately resistant to the phenicol group of antibiotics. All four E. coli (100%) isolates were found resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, first generation cephalosporins, and 2 (50%) showed resistance to macrolides, whereas 1 (25%) isolate was found to be resistant to tetracyclines. Conclusion: In this study, Enterobacteriaceae were the most common group of bacteria isolated from camels with subclinical mastitis. Enterobacter cloacae and E. coli were the predominant organisms.
{"title":"Subclinical Mastitis in Camels in Oman: A Pilot Study","authors":"M. N. Asi, W. Al-Marzooqi, Yasmin ElTahir, Al Ghalya, Al Ghalya Al Toobi, S. A. Raisi, H. Ali, Eugene H. Johnson","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP21-26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP21-26","url":null,"abstract":"Camels are important and multipurpose animals in many parts of the world including Middle East. Camel milk may harbor different bacteria. Centuries old tradition of consumption of raw camel milk is still a common practice in Oman. This study was carried out to conduct a microbiological analysis of camel milk samples with subclinical mastitis in the region of Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. A total of 61 camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk samples were collected from various animal holdings in and around Muscat. Onsite California Mastitis Test (CMT) revealed 18 (29%) camels positive for subclinical mastitis. Positive milk samples were subjected to routine microbiological workup for bacterial isolation and identification. A total of 7 (47%) Enterobacter cloacae isolates, 4 (27%) Escherichia. coli, 3 (20%) coagulase negative Staphylococci spp. (CNS) and 1 (7%) Micrococcus spp. were identified out of 15 milk samples. Three milk samples did not yield any growth after two repeat attempts. Isolates belonging to Enterobacteriaceae were further subjected to antimicrobial sensitivity testing. All E. cloacae samples 7 (100%) were found to be resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, first generation cephalosporins, and the macrolide group of antibiotics whereas 3 (43%) E. cloacae isolates were found to be intermediately resistant to the phenicol group of antibiotics. All four E. coli (100%) isolates were found resistant to penicillin, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, first generation cephalosporins, and 2 (50%) showed resistance to macrolides, whereas 1 (25%) isolate was found to be resistant to tetracyclines. Conclusion: In this study, Enterobacteriaceae were the most common group of bacteria isolated from camels with subclinical mastitis. Enterobacter cloacae and E. coli were the predominant organisms.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69295986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP13-20
P. Pathare, Mai Al Dairi, A. Al-Mahdouri
Postharvest loss is one of the main obstacles facing food security in Oman as it leads to reduce fresh produce quality and market value. The aim of this study is to determine the postharvest losses due to quality reduction of fresh produce like tomato during storage at market level in Oman. This paper consists of two stages. First, a semi-structure survey was conducted to collect the data from the market vendors. Second, fresh tomatoes were also purchased from the market and stored in the laboratory at 10oC and 22oC for 12 days. All data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results of the survey showed that 35% of respondents suggested that color and texture are the most quality attributes firstly attracted by the consumers. Two days period is the best duration to store fresh produce in the current market. About 55% of the respondents mentioned that the nature of the produce is the most important factor causing postharvest losses along the supply chain. The results of the experiments showed a significant (p>0.05) changes of L*, a*, COL, CI, weight loss and firmness during 12 days at both temperature conditions. However, no significant impact of both factors on b*, chroma, hue and TSS values. Accordingly, storage process plays a critical role in the improvement and development of tomato and any perishable fresh produce along the supply chain.
{"title":"Effect of Storage Conditions on Postharvest Quality of Tomatoes: A Case Study at Market-Level","authors":"P. Pathare, Mai Al Dairi, A. Al-Mahdouri","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP13-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP13-20","url":null,"abstract":"Postharvest loss is one of the main obstacles facing food security in Oman as it leads to reduce fresh produce quality and market value. The aim of this study is to determine the postharvest losses due to quality reduction of fresh produce like tomato during storage at market level in Oman. This paper consists of two stages. First, a semi-structure survey was conducted to collect the data from the market vendors. Second, fresh tomatoes were also purchased from the market and stored in the laboratory at 10oC and 22oC for 12 days. All data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. The results of the survey showed that 35% of respondents suggested that color and texture are the most quality attributes firstly attracted by the consumers. Two days period is the best duration to store fresh produce in the current market. About 55% of the respondents mentioned that the nature of the produce is the most important factor causing postharvest losses along the supply chain. The results of the experiments showed a significant (p>0.05) changes of L*, a*, COL, CI, weight loss and firmness during 12 days at both temperature conditions. However, no significant impact of both factors on b*, chroma, hue and TSS values. Accordingly, storage process plays a critical role in the improvement and development of tomato and any perishable fresh produce along the supply chain.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"13–20-13–20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69295966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP37-46
S. Hassanzadeh, F. Hosseinibalam
Sea level analysis along the Northern Coast of the Oman Sea has been investigated on the basis of tide gauge measurements. Meteorological parameters, along with monsoon and NAO indices are used to study the response of sea level to local and global forcing. The relation between sea level and forces are examined. The low correlation coefficient (-0.35) between sea level and atmospheric pressure at Chabahar indicates that the response to atmospheric pressure is not an inverse barometric. The nature of local inverse barometric effects are examined through a series of statistical models. Analysis between sea level and atmospheric pressure reveals a significant coherence, which means that the Oman Sea mean level responds to atmospheric pressure as an inverse barometer. One can notice that the between atmospheric pressure and mean sea level is due to alongshore wind stress forcing and is consistent with that expected from Ekman dynamics. The four EOF modes capture 87.16% for the x-component and 94.70% for the y-component of the total variance and are statistically significant. Linear regression and ARIMA model forecasts were fitted to sea level and compared to the actual data. Even though both models gave similar results, the ARIMA model performed considerably better
{"title":"Mean Sea Level Variability of the Oman Sea and its response to monsoon and the North Atlantic Oscillation index from Tide Gauge measurements","authors":"S. Hassanzadeh, F. Hosseinibalam","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP37-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP37-46","url":null,"abstract":"Sea level analysis along the Northern Coast of the Oman Sea has been investigated on the basis of tide gauge measurements. Meteorological parameters, along with monsoon and NAO indices are used to study the response of sea level to local and global forcing. The relation between sea level and forces are examined. The low correlation coefficient (-0.35) between sea level and atmospheric pressure at Chabahar indicates that the response to atmospheric pressure is not an inverse barometric. The nature of local inverse barometric effects are examined through a series of statistical models. Analysis between sea level and atmospheric pressure reveals a significant coherence, which means that the Oman Sea mean level responds to atmospheric pressure as an inverse barometer. One can notice that the between atmospheric pressure and mean sea level is due to alongshore wind stress forcing and is consistent with that expected from Ekman dynamics. The four EOF modes capture 87.16% for the x-component and 94.70% for the y-component of the total variance and are statistically significant. Linear regression and ARIMA model forecasts were fitted to sea level and compared to the actual data. Even though both models gave similar results, the ARIMA model performed considerably better","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"37–46-37–46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69296083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP27-36
A. Al-Mamun
The performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared to that of a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process aiming to identify the best technological option for a municipal sewage treatment plant (STP). The MBR system was fed by the diluted sewage coming from the main municipal sewer network, which contained an averagely lower concentration of organics, inorganics and biological pollutants. While the CAS system was fed by a concentrated sewage coming from household septic tanks, contained averagely high concentration of organics, inorganics and biological pollutants. CAS showed a higher removal amount of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), Fat-Oil-Grease (FOG), nitrogen, phosphorous, helminths ova (HO), and pathogenic bacteria compared to that of the MBR. Nevertheless, the removal efficiencies of nitrogen, HO and pathogenic bacteria in the case of CAS were lower than that of MBR due to the high concentration of those parameters in the influent fed to CAS. However, both the efficiency and the amount of removal for phosphorous in the case of CAS was quite higher than that of MBR due to extended aeration in CAS. The pathogenic bacteria and HO were almost completely removed by the MBR, whereas the effluent of the CAS system required additional disinfection for the reduction of pathogens and HO. In terms of biological efficiency and influent flexibility, both the systems were satisfying the national standards. Overall, the data suggested that CAS possessed a higher capacity of treating concentrated sewage for removing all pollutants to satisfactory limits except complete removal of pathogenic bacteria and HO. It was obvious that MBR possessed a membrane barrier to retain the pathogens and HO; therefore, they could be removed up to very low levels. However, further investigation is necessary to verify the MBR performance using the same concentrated sewage as that of the CAS.
{"title":"Biological efficiency and control of a membrane bioreactor and conventional activated sludge process for treating municipal wastewater","authors":"A. Al-Mamun","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL26ISS1PP27-36","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of a membrane bioreactor (MBR) was compared to that of a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process aiming to identify the best technological option for a municipal sewage treatment plant (STP). The MBR system was fed by the diluted sewage coming from the main municipal sewer network, which contained an averagely lower concentration of organics, inorganics and biological pollutants. While the CAS system was fed by a concentrated sewage coming from household septic tanks, contained averagely high concentration of organics, inorganics and biological pollutants. CAS showed a higher removal amount of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), volatile suspended solids (VSS), Fat-Oil-Grease (FOG), nitrogen, phosphorous, helminths ova (HO), and pathogenic bacteria compared to that of the MBR. Nevertheless, the removal efficiencies of nitrogen, HO and pathogenic bacteria in the case of CAS were lower than that of MBR due to the high concentration of those parameters in the influent fed to CAS. However, both the efficiency and the amount of removal for phosphorous in the case of CAS was quite higher than that of MBR due to extended aeration in CAS. The pathogenic bacteria and HO were almost completely removed by the MBR, whereas the effluent of the CAS system required additional disinfection for the reduction of pathogens and HO. In terms of biological efficiency and influent flexibility, both the systems were satisfying the national standards. Overall, the data suggested that CAS possessed a higher capacity of treating concentrated sewage for removing all pollutants to satisfactory limits except complete removal of pathogenic bacteria and HO. It was obvious that MBR possessed a membrane barrier to retain the pathogens and HO; therefore, they could be removed up to very low levels. However, further investigation is necessary to verify the MBR performance using the same concentrated sewage as that of the CAS.","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"26 1","pages":"27–36-27–36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69296066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-20DOI: 10.24200/JAMS.VOL25ISS2PP22-29
R. Velazhahan, S. Al-Mamari, A. Al-Sadi, I. Al-Mahmooli, S. Babu
Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is widely used as fertilizer and to control plant diseases. The microorganisms surviving in SMS play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties of SMS. In this study, an effort was made to isolate and characterize the bacterial species present in the SMS of Agaricus bisporus and to study their antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting ability and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing trait. Six different bacterial isolates exhibiting morphological variabilities were obtained from the SMS by serial dilution technique. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (Sh1 and Sh3), S. aureus (Sh2), Bacillus albus (Sh4), Delftia lacustris (Sh6) and Comamonas aquatica (Sh7). These bacterial strains were assayed for their antagonism against Pythium aphanidermatum , a phytopathogenic oomycete. The results of in vitro dual culture assay revealed that all the 6 bacterial isolates showed low levels of suppression of P. aphanidermatum and recorded less than 5 mm inhibition zone. Among the bacterial isolates, S. epidermidis Sh3 recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 4.2 mm. Plant growth promotion test using roll paper towel method revealed that C. aquatica Sh7, B. albus Sh4, D. lacustris Sh6 and S. epidermidis Sh3 caused a significant increase in seedling vigour of cucumber compared to control. The seeds treated with the bacterial isolate C. aquatica Sh7 showed the maximum seedling vigor. Assessment of in vitro production of IAA by the bacterial isolates revealed that the bacterial isolates highly varied (ranging from 0.28 to 9.25 mg L -1 ) in their potential for production of IAA. The maximum amount of IAA was produced by C. aquatica Sh7 (9.25 mg L -1 ), while the minimum was produced by S. epidermidis Sh1 (0.28 mg L -1 ).
{"title":"In vitro antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting activity and indole-3-acetic acid producing trait of bacterial isolates from spent mushroom substrate of Agaricus bisporus","authors":"R. Velazhahan, S. Al-Mamari, A. Al-Sadi, I. Al-Mahmooli, S. Babu","doi":"10.24200/JAMS.VOL25ISS2PP22-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24200/JAMS.VOL25ISS2PP22-29","url":null,"abstract":"Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is widely used as fertilizer and to control plant diseases. The microorganisms surviving in SMS play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties of SMS. In this study, an effort was made to isolate and characterize the bacterial species present in the SMS of Agaricus bisporus and to study their antagonistic potential, plant growth-promoting ability and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) producing trait. Six different bacterial isolates exhibiting morphological variabilities were obtained from the SMS by serial dilution technique. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, these isolates were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis (Sh1 and Sh3), S. aureus (Sh2), Bacillus albus (Sh4), Delftia lacustris (Sh6) and Comamonas aquatica (Sh7). These bacterial strains were assayed for their antagonism against Pythium aphanidermatum , a phytopathogenic oomycete. The results of in vitro dual culture assay revealed that all the 6 bacterial isolates showed low levels of suppression of P. aphanidermatum and recorded less than 5 mm inhibition zone. Among the bacterial isolates, S. epidermidis Sh3 recorded the maximum inhibition zone of 4.2 mm. Plant growth promotion test using roll paper towel method revealed that C. aquatica Sh7, B. albus Sh4, D. lacustris Sh6 and S. epidermidis Sh3 caused a significant increase in seedling vigour of cucumber compared to control. The seeds treated with the bacterial isolate C. aquatica Sh7 showed the maximum seedling vigor. Assessment of in vitro production of IAA by the bacterial isolates revealed that the bacterial isolates highly varied (ranging from 0.28 to 9.25 mg L -1 ) in their potential for production of IAA. The maximum amount of IAA was produced by C. aquatica Sh7 (9.25 mg L -1 ), while the minimum was produced by S. epidermidis Sh1 (0.28 mg L -1 ).","PeriodicalId":32106,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Marine Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"22-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49032502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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