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Fano resonances in tilted Weyl semimetals in an oscillating quantum well. 振荡量子井中倾斜韦尔半金属的法诺共振。
IF 2.3 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/ad5acd
Souvik Das, Arnab Maity, Rajib Sarkar, Anirudha Menon, Tanay Nag, Banasri Basu

Considering the low-energy model of tilted Weyl semimetal, we study the electronic transmission through a periodically driven quantum well, oriented in the transverse direction with respect to the tilt. We adopt the formalism of Floquet scattering theory and investigate the emergence of Fano resonances as an outcome of matching between the Floquet sidebands and quasi-bound states. The Fano resonance energy changes linearly with the tilt strength suggesting the fact that tilt-mediated part of quasi-bound states energies depends on the above factor. Given a value of momentum parallel (perpendicular) to the tilt, we find that the energy gap between two Fano resonances, appearing for two adjacent values of transverse (collinear) momentum with respect to the tilt direction, is insensitive (sensitive) to the change in the tilt strength. Such a coupled (decoupled) behavior of tilt strength and the collinear (transverse) momentum can be understood from the tilt-mediated and normal parts of the quasi-bound state energies inside the potential well. We vary the other tilt parameters and chirality of the Weyl points to conclusively verify the exact form of the tilt-mediated part of the quasi-bound state energy that is the same as the tilt term in the static dispersion. The tilt orientation can significantly alter the transport in terms of evolution of Fano resoance energy with tilt momentum. We analytically find the explicit form of the bound state energy that further supports all our numerical findings. Our work paves the way to probe the tilt-mediated part of quasi-bound state energy to understand the complex interplay between the tilt and Fano resonance.

考虑到倾斜韦尔半金属的低能模型,我们研究了通过周期性驱动量子阱的电子传输,该量子阱在横向方向上与倾斜度有关。我们采用了弗洛克散射理论的形式主义,并研究了作为弗洛克边带和准束缚态之间匹配结果的法诺共振的出现。法诺共振能量与倾斜强度呈线性变化,这表明准束缚态的倾斜介导部分能量取决于上述因素。在动量值与倾斜方向平行(垂直)的情况下,我们发现两个法诺共振之间的能量差距(出现于两个相邻的相对于倾斜方向的横向(共线)动量值)对倾斜强度的变化不敏感(敏感)。倾斜强度和平行(横向)动量的这种耦合(解耦)行为可以从势阱内准束缚态能量的倾斜介导部分和法向部分来理解。我们通过改变其他倾斜参数和 Weyl 点的手性,最终验证了准束缚态能量中倾斜介导部分的确切形式,它与静态色散中的倾斜项相同。从法诺共振能量随倾斜动量的演化来看,倾斜取向会极大地改变输运。我们通过分析得出了束缚态能的明确形式,进一步支持了我们的所有数值发现。我们的工作为探究准束缚态能量的倾斜介导部分铺平了道路,有助于理解倾斜与法诺共振之间复杂的相互作用。
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引用次数: 0
Author Correction: Planarized THz quantum cascade lasers for broadband coherent photonics. 作者更正:用于宽带相干光子学的平面化太赫兹量子级联激光器。
IF 19.4 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-024-01467-5
Urban Senica, Andres Forrer, Tudor Olariu, Paolo Micheletti, Sara Cibella, Guido Torrioli, Mattias Beck, Jérôme Faist, Giacomo Scalari
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引用次数: 0
Intrinsic second-order magnon thermal Hall effect. 内在二阶磁子热霍尔效应
IF 2.3 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/ad5bb0
Jun-Cen Li, Zhen-Gang Zhu

In this paper, we study the intrinsic contribution of nonlinear magnon thermal Hall Effect. We derive the intrinsic second-order thermal Hall conductivity of magnon by the thermal scalar potential method and the thermal vector potential method. We find that the intrinsic second-order magnon thermal Hall conductivity is related to the thermal Berry-connection polarizability. We apply our theory to the monolayer ferromagnetic Hexagonal lattice, and we find that the second-order magnon thermal Hall conductivity can be controlled by changing Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya strength and applying strain.

本文研究了非线性磁子热霍尔效应的本征贡献。我们通过热标量势(TSP)方法和热矢量势(TVP)方法推导出磁子的本征二阶热霍尔电导率。我们发现,磁子的本征二阶热霍尔电导率与热贝里连接极化率(TBCP)有关。我们将理论应用于单层铁磁六方晶格,发现二阶磁子热霍尔电导率可以通过改变 Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya 强度和施加应变来控制。
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引用次数: 0
Lattice-Based Quantum Advantage from Rotated Measurements 基于晶格的旋转测量量子优势
IF 6.4 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.22331/q-2024-07-04-1399
Yusuf Alnawakhtha, Atul Mantri, Carl A. Miller, Daochen Wang
Trapdoor claw-free functions (TCFs) are immensely valuable in cryptographic interactions between a classical client and a quantum server. Typically, a protocol has the quantum server prepare a superposition of two-bit strings of a claw and then measure it using Pauli-$X$ or $Z$ measurements. In this paper, we demonstrate a new technique that uses the entire range of qubit measurements from the $XY$-plane. We show the advantage of this approach in two applications. First, building on (Brakerski et al. 2018, Kalai et al. 2022), we show an optimized two-round proof of quantumness whose security can be expressed directly in terms of the hardness of the LWE (learning with errors) problem. Second, we construct a one-round protocol for blind remote preparation of an arbitrary state on the $XY$-plane up to a Pauli-$Z$ correction.
无爪陷阱函数(TCF)在经典客户端与量子服务器之间的加密互动中具有巨大价值。通常情况下,协议要求量子服务器准备一个爪子的双位串叠加,然后使用保利X元或Z元测量法对其进行测量。在本文中,我们展示了一种新技术,它使用 XY$ 平面的整个量子比特测量范围。我们在两个应用中展示了这种方法的优势。首先,在(Brakerski 等人,2018 年;Kalai 等人,2022 年)的基础上,我们展示了一种优化的两轮量子性证明,其安全性可以直接用 LWE(带错误学习)问题的硬度来表示。其次,我们构建了一个单轮协议,用于对 XY$ 平面上的任意状态进行保利$Z$ 修正之前的盲远程准备。
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引用次数: 0
Variational Monte Carlo study of stripes as a function of doping in thet-t'Hubbard model. t-t' Hubbard 模型中条纹作为掺杂函数的变异蒙特卡洛研究。
IF 2.3 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/ad5b43
Antonio Lechiara, Vito Marino, Luca F Tocchio

We perform variational Monte Carlo simulations of the single-band Hubbard model on the square lattice with both nearest (t) and next-nearest (t') neighbor hoppings. Our work investigates the consequences of increasing hole doping on the instauration of stripes and the behavior of the superconducting order parameter, with a discussion on how the two phenomena affect each other. We consider two different values of the next-nearest neighbor hopping parameter, that are appropriate for describing cuprate superconductors. We observe that stripes are the optimal state in a wide doping range; the stripe wavelength reduces at increasing doping, until stripes melt into a uniform state for large values of doping. Superconducting pair-pair correlations, indicating the presence of superconductivity, are always suppressed in the presence of stripes. Our results suggest that the phase diagram for the single-band Hubbard model is dominated by stripes, with superconductivity being possible only in a narrow doping range between striped states and a nonsuperconducting metal.

我们对方形晶格上的单带 哈伯德模型进行了最近(t)和最近(t') 邻居跳变的变分蒙特卡罗模拟。我们的工作研究了空穴 掺杂增加对条纹形成和超导 阶参数行为的影响,并讨论了这两种现象如何相互影响。我们观察到, 条纹是宽掺杂范围内的最佳状态;随着掺杂量的增加,条纹波长 减小,直到掺杂量大 时,条纹熔化成均匀状态。在条纹存在的情况下,表明超导存在的超导对相关性总是受到抑制。我们的研究结果 表明,单带哈伯德模型的相图以条纹为主 ,只有在条纹态和非超导金属之间的窄掺杂范围内才有可能实现超导。
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引用次数: 0
Direct detectability of tidally heated exomoons by photometric orbital modulation 通过光度轨道调制直接探测潮汐加热的外大气环流
IF 6.5 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449428
E. Kleisioti, D. Dirkx, X. Tan, M. A. Kenworthy
Aims. We investigate whether volcanic exomoons can be detected in thermal wavelength light curves due to their phase variability along their orbit. The method we use is based on the photometric signal variability that volcanic features or hotspots would cause in infrared (IR) wavelengths, when they are inhomogeneously distributed on the surface of a tidally heated exomoon (THEM).Methods. We simulated satellites of various sizes around an isolated planet and modeled the system’s variability in two IR wavelengths, taking into account photon shot noise. The moon’s periodic signal as it orbits the planet introduces a peak in the frequency space of the system’s time-variable flux. We investigated the THEM and system properties that would make a moon stand out in the frequency space of its host’s variable flux.Results. The moon’s signal can produce a prominent feature in its host’s flux periodogram at shorter IR wavelengths for hotspots with temperatures similar to the ones seen on the Jovian moon, Io, while the same moon would not be identifiable in longer IR wavelengths. By comparing observations at two different wavelengths, we are able to disentangle the signal of an exomoon with transiting and non-transiting orbital inclinations from the planet’s signal in the frequency domain for system distances up to ~10 pc for Mars-sized exomoons and even further for Earth-sized ones.Conclusions. This method enlarges the parameter space of detectable exomoons around isolated planetary mass objects and directly imaged exoplanets, as it is sensitive to Io- to Earth-sized exomoons with hot volcanic features for a wide range of non-transiting orbital inclinations. Exomoon transits and the detection of outgassed volcanic molecules can subsequently confirm a putative detection.
目的。我们研究是否可以通过热波长光曲线探测到沿轨道相位变化的火山外月。我们所使用的方法是基于火山特征或热点在红外波长(IR)中引起的光度信号变化,当它们不均匀地分布在潮汐加热外小行星(THEM)的表面时。我们模拟了一颗孤立行星周围不同大小的卫星,并模拟了该系统在两个红外波段的变化,同时考虑了光子射出噪声。月球绕行星运行的周期性信号在系统时变通量的频率空间中引入了一个峰值。我们研究了能使卫星在其宿主可变通量的频率空间中脱颖而出的 THEM 和系统特性。在较短的红外波长下,对于温度与木卫二上的热点相似的热点,月球的信号会在其宿主的通量周期图中产生一个突出的特征,而在较长的红外波长下则无法识别出同一个月球。通过比较两种不同波长下的观测结果,我们能够在频域中将具有凌日和非凌日轨道倾角的外小行星信号与行星信号区分开来,对于火星大小的外小行星,系统距离可达 ~10 pc,对于地球大小的外小行星,系统距离甚至更远。这种方法扩大了在孤立的行星质量天体和直接成像的系外行星周围可探测到的外小行星的参数空间,因为它对在广泛的非凌日轨道倾角范围内具有热火山特征的艾欧至地球大小的外小行星敏感。外小行星凌日和对排出气体的火山分子的探测可以随后确认推定的探测结果。
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引用次数: 0
Coherently amplified ultrafast imaging using a free-electron interferometer 利用自由电子干涉仪进行相干放大超快成像
IF 35 1区 物理与天体物理 Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41566-024-01451-w
Tomer Bucher, Harel Nahari, Hanan Herzig Sheinfux, Ron Ruimy, Arthur Niedermayr, Raphael Dahan, Qinghui Yan, Yuval Adiv, Michael Yannai, Jialin Chen, Yaniv Kurman, Sang Tae Park, Daniel J. Masiel, Eli Janzen, James H. Edgar, Fabrizio Carbone, Guy Bartal, Shai Tsesses, Frank H. L. Koppens, Giovanni Maria Vanacore, Ido Kaminer

Accessing the low-energy non-equilibrium dynamics of materials and their polaritons with simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolution has been a bold frontier of electron microscopy in recent years. One of the main challenges lies in the ability to retrieve extremely weak signals and simultaneously disentangling the amplitude and phase information. Here we present free-electron Ramsey imaging—a microscopy approach based on light-induced electron modulation that enables the coherent amplification of optical near fields in electron imaging. We provide simultaneous time-, space- and phase-resolved measurements of a micro-drum made from a hexagonal boron nitride membrane, visualizing the sub-cycle dynamics of two-dimensional polariton wavepackets therein. The phase-resolved measurement reveals vortex–anti-vortex singularities on the polariton wavefronts, together with an intriguing phenomenon of a travelling wave mimicking the amplitude profile of a standing wave. Our experiments show a 20-fold coherent amplification of the near-field signal compared with conventional electron near-field imaging, resolving peak field intensities in the order of a few watts per square centimetre, corresponding to field amplitudes of a few kilovolts per metre. As a result, our work paves the way for the spatiotemporal electron microscopy of biological specimens and quantum materials, exciting yet delicate samples that are currently difficult to investigate.

近年来,以同时较高的空间和时间分辨率获取材料及其极化子的低能非平衡动力学是电子显微镜的一个大胆的前沿领域。主要挑战之一在于如何获取极微弱的信号,并同时分离振幅和相位信息。在这里,我们提出了自由电子拉姆齐成像--一种基于光诱导电子调制的显微成像方法,可在电子成像中实现光学近场的相干放大。我们对由六角氮化硼膜制成的微鼓进行了时间、空间和相位同时分辨测量,对其中二维极化子波包的次周期动态进行了可视化。相位分辨测量揭示了极化子波面上的涡旋-反涡旋奇异性,以及模仿驻波振幅轮廓的行进波这一有趣现象。我们的实验表明,与传统的电子近场成像相比,近场信号的相干性放大了 20 倍,可以分辨出每平方厘米几瓦的峰值场强,相当于每米几千伏的场振幅。因此,我们的工作为生物样本和量子材料的时空电子显微镜研究铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Infinite Grassmann time-evolving matrix product operator method in the steady state 稳态下的无限格拉斯曼时变矩阵乘积算子法
IF 3.7 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 Physics and Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.110.045106
Chu Guo, Ruofan Chen
We present an infinite Grassmann time-evolving matrix product operator method for quantum impurity problems, which directly works in the steady state. The method embraces the well-established infinite matrix product state algorithms with the recently developed GTEMPO method, and benefits from both sides: it obtains real-time Green's functions without sampling noises and bath discretization error, it is applicable for any temperature without the sign problem, and its computational cost is independent of the transient dynamics and does not scale with the number of baths. We benchmark the method on the finite-temperature equilibrium Green's function in the noninteracting limit against exact solutions and in the single-orbital Anderson impurity model against GTEMPO calculations. We also study the zero-temperature nonequilibrium steady state of an impurity coupled to two baths with a voltage bias, obtaining consistent particle currents with existing calculations. The method is ideal for studying steady-state quantum transport, and can be readily used as an efficient real-time impurity solver in the dynamical mean-field theory and its nonequilibrium extension.
我们提出了一种用于量子杂质问题的无限格拉斯曼时间演化矩阵积算子方法,它可以直接在稳态下工作。该方法包含了成熟的无限矩阵乘积态算法和最近开发的 GTEMPO 方法,并从两方面获益:它能获得实时的格林函数,没有采样噪声和浴池离散化误差;它适用于任何温度,没有符号问题;它的计算成本与瞬态动力学无关,不随浴池数量的增加而增加。我们将该方法用于有限温度平衡格林函数的非相互作用极限与精确解的比较,以及单轨道安德森杂质模型与 GTEMPO 计算的比较。我们还研究了一个杂质与两个带电压偏置的浴耦合的零温非平衡稳态,获得了与现有计算一致的粒子电流。该方法是研究稳态量子输运的理想方法,可随时用作动态平均场理论及其非平衡扩展中的高效实时杂质求解器。
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引用次数: 0
2D-Bio-FETs for Sensitive Detection of Cardiovascular Diseases. 用于灵敏检测心血管疾病的二维生物场效应晶体管。
IF 2.3 4区 物理与天体物理 Q3 PHYSICS, CONDENSED MATTER Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648X/ad5ee9
Piyush Choudhary, Vijay K Singh, Ambesh Dixit

The biosensing industry has seen exponential growth in the past decade. Impact of biosensors in the current scenario cannot be overlooked. Cardiovascular diseases (CvDs) have been recognized as one of the major causes for millions of deaths globally. This mortality can be minimized by early and accurate detection/diagnosis of CvDs with the help of biosensing devices. This also presents a global market opportunity for the development of biosensors for CvDs. A vast variety of biosensing methods and devices have been developed for this problem. Most of commercially available platforms for CvD detection rely on optical (fluorometric and colorimetric analysis) techniques using serum biomarkers since optical testing is the gold standard in medical diagnosis. Field effect transistors-based biosensors, termed as Bio-FETs, are the upcoming devices for blood or serum analyte detection due to excellent sensitivity, low operational voltage, handheld device structure and simple chip-based operation. Further, the discovery of two dimensional (2D) materials and their integration with conventional FETs has improved the overvoltage problem, sensitivity and strict operating conditions as compared to conventional FETs. Graphene-FETs (GFETs) based biosensing devices have been proven as promising candidates due to their attractive properties. Despite the severe threat of CvDs which has further increased in post-covid era, the Bio-FET sensor studies in literature are still rare. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive view of all the multidisciplinary concepts related to 2D-BioFETs for CvDs. A critical review of the different platforms has been covered with detailed discussions with related studies to provide a clear concept and present status of 2D-BioFETs based CvD biosensors. .

生物传感行业在过去十年中实现了指数级增长。生物传感器在当前形势下的影响不容忽视。心血管疾病(CvDs)已被认为是导致全球数百万人死亡的主要原因之一。借助生物传感设备对心血管疾病进行早期和准确的检测/诊断,可以最大限度地降低死亡率。这也为开发 CvDs 生物传感器带来了全球市场机遇。针对这一问题,已经开发出了多种生物传感方法和设备。由于光学检测是医疗诊断的黄金标准,大多数商用 CvD 检测平台都依赖于使用血清生物标记物的光学(荧光和比色分析)技术。基于场效应晶体管的生物传感器(称为生物场效应晶体管)具有灵敏度高、工作电压低、手持式设备结构和基于芯片的简单操作等优点,是即将用于血液或血清分析物检测的设备。此外,与传统场效应晶体管相比,二维(2D)材料的发现及其与传统场效应晶体管的集成改善了过压问题、灵敏度和严格的工作条件。基于石墨烯场效应晶体管(GFET)的生物传感设备因其极具吸引力的特性,已被证明是很有前途的候选器件。尽管 CvDs 的严重威胁在后科维兹时代进一步加剧,但文献中关于生物 FET 传感器的研究仍然很少。在这篇综述中,我们旨在全面介绍与用于 CvDs 的二维生物场效应晶体管相关的所有多学科概念。我们对不同平台进行了严格审查,并详细讨论了相关研究,从而为基于二维生物场效应晶体管的 CvD 生物传感器提供了清晰的概念和现状。
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引用次数: 0
Sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter from cosmic-ray scattering with very-high-energy gamma-ray observatories 利用超高能伽马射线观测站从宇宙射线散射中探测亚伽马射线暗物质的灵敏度
IF 6.4 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2024/07/012
Igor Reis, Emmanuel Moulin, Aion Viana and Victor P. Goncalves
Huge efforts have been deployed to detect dark matter (DM) in the GeV-TeV mass range involving various detection techniques, and led to strong constraints in the available parameter space. We compute here the sensitivity to sub-GeV DM that can be probed from the inevitable cosmic-ray scattering onto DM particles populating the Milky Way halo. Inelastic scattering of energetic cosmic rays off DM would produce high-energy gamma rays in the final state, providing a new avenue to probe the poorly-constrained so far sub-GeV dark matter mass range. In this work we derive sensitivity forecasts for the inelastic cosmic-ray proton-DM cross section for current and future very-high-energy gamma-ray observatories such as H.E.S.S., LHAASO, CTA and SWGO in the 100 eV to 100 MeV mass range. These inelastic cross section constraints are converted to the elastic proton-DM cross section to highlight further complementarity with cosmological, collider and direct detection searches. The sensitivity computed at 95% confidence level on the elastic cross section reaches ∼2 × 10-32 cm2 for a 100 keV DM mass for H.E.S.S.-like and ∼7 × 10-34 cm2 for a ∼1 keV DM mass for LHAASO. The sensitivity prospects for CTA and a strawman SWGO model reach ∼6 × 10-34 cm2 and ∼4 × 10-35 cm2, for DM masses of 10 keV and 1 keV, respectively. The sensitivity reach of the gamma-ray observatories considered here enables to probe an uncharted region of the DM mass-cross section parameter space.
为了探测质量在 GeV-TeV 范围内的暗物质(DM),人们付出了巨大的努力,其中涉及各种探测技术,并导致对可用参数空间的强烈约束。我们在这里计算了对亚GeV暗物质的灵敏度,这种灵敏度可以从不可避免的宇宙射线对银河系光晕中暗物质粒子的散射中探测到。高能宇宙射线对DM的非弹性散射会在终态产生高能伽马射线,这为探测迄今为止约束较差的亚GeV暗物质质量范围提供了一个新途径。在这项工作中,我们为当前和未来的超高能伽马射线观测站,如H.E.S.S.、LHAASO、CTA和SWGO,推导出了100 eV到100 MeV质量范围的非弹性宇宙射线质子-DM截面灵敏度预测。这些非弹性截面约束被转换成弹性质子-DM 截面,以突出与宇宙学、对撞机和直接探测搜索的进一步互补性。对于类似 H.E.S.S.100 千伏的 DM 质量,在 95% 置信度下计算的弹性截面灵敏度达到 ∼2 × 10-32 平方厘米;对于 LHAASO ∼1 千伏的 DM 质量,灵敏度达到 ∼7 × 10-34 平方厘米。当DM质量为10keV和1keV时,CTA和草人SWGO模型的灵敏度前景分别达到∼6 × 10-34 cm2和∼4 × 10-35 cm2。这里所考虑的伽马射线观测站的灵敏度能够探测DM质量截面参数空间的一个未知区域。
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引用次数: 0
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