Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/047
Gabriel Rodrigues, Antonio J. Cuesta, Jailson Alcaniz, Miguel Aparicio Resco, Antonio L. Maroto, Manuel Masip, Jamerson G. Rodrigues, Felipe B.M. dos Santos, Javier de Cruz Pérez, Jorge Enrique García-Farieta, Clarissa Siqueira, Fuxing Qin, Yuting Wang, Gong-Bo Zhao, Carlos Hernández-Monteagudo, Valerio Marra, Raul Abramo, Narciso Benítez, Silvia Bonoli, Saulo Carneiro, Javier Cenarro, David Cristóbal-Hornillos, Renato Dupke, Alessandro Ederoclite, Antonio Hernán-Caballero, Carlos López-Sanjuan, Antonio Marín-Franch, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Mariano Moles, Laerte Sodré, Keith Taylor, Jesús Varela and Héctor Vázquez Ramió
The large-scale structure survey J-PAS is taking data since October 2023. In this work, we present a forecast based on the Fisher matrix method to establish its sensitivity to the sum of the neutrino masses. We adapt the Fisher Galaxy Survey Code (FARO) to account for the neutrino mass under various configurations applied to galaxy clustering measurements. This approach allows us to test the sensitivity of J-PAS to the neutrino mass across different tracers, with and without non-linear corrections, and under varying sky coverage. We perform our forecast for two cosmological models: Λ CDM + ∑mν and w0waCDM + ∑mν. We combine our J-PAS forecast with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from the Planck Collaboration and Type Ia supernova (SN) data from Pantheon Plus. Our analysis shows that, for a sky coverage of 8,500 square degrees, J-PAS galaxy clustering data alone will constrain the sum of the neutrino masses to an upper limit at 95% C.L of ∑mν < 0.32 eV for the Λ CDM + ∑mν model, and ∑mν < 0.36 eV for the w0waCDM + ∑mν model. When combined with Planck data, the upper limit improves significantly. For J-PAS+Planck at 95% C.L, we find ∑mν < 0.061 eV for the Λ CDM + ∑mν model, and for J-PAS+Planck+Pantheon Plus, we obtain ∑mν < 0.12 eV for the w0waCDM + ∑mν model. These results demonstrate that J-PAS clustering measurements can play a crucial role in addressing challenges in the neutrino sector, including potential tensions between cosmological and terrestrial measurements of the neutrino mass, as well as in determining the mass ordering.
{"title":"J-PAS: forecasting constraints on neutrino masses","authors":"Gabriel Rodrigues, Antonio J. Cuesta, Jailson Alcaniz, Miguel Aparicio Resco, Antonio L. Maroto, Manuel Masip, Jamerson G. Rodrigues, Felipe B.M. dos Santos, Javier de Cruz Pérez, Jorge Enrique García-Farieta, Clarissa Siqueira, Fuxing Qin, Yuting Wang, Gong-Bo Zhao, Carlos Hernández-Monteagudo, Valerio Marra, Raul Abramo, Narciso Benítez, Silvia Bonoli, Saulo Carneiro, Javier Cenarro, David Cristóbal-Hornillos, Renato Dupke, Alessandro Ederoclite, Antonio Hernán-Caballero, Carlos López-Sanjuan, Antonio Marín-Franch, Claudia Mendes de Oliveira, Mariano Moles, Laerte Sodré, Keith Taylor, Jesús Varela and Héctor Vázquez Ramió","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/047","url":null,"abstract":"The large-scale structure survey J-PAS is taking data since October 2023. In this work, we present a forecast based on the Fisher matrix method to establish its sensitivity to the sum of the neutrino masses. We adapt the Fisher Galaxy Survey Code (FARO) to account for the neutrino mass under various configurations applied to galaxy clustering measurements. This approach allows us to test the sensitivity of J-PAS to the neutrino mass across different tracers, with and without non-linear corrections, and under varying sky coverage. We perform our forecast for two cosmological models: Λ CDM + ∑mν and w0waCDM + ∑mν. We combine our J-PAS forecast with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from the Planck Collaboration and Type Ia supernova (SN) data from Pantheon Plus. Our analysis shows that, for a sky coverage of 8,500 square degrees, J-PAS galaxy clustering data alone will constrain the sum of the neutrino masses to an upper limit at 95% C.L of ∑mν < 0.32 eV for the Λ CDM + ∑mν model, and ∑mν < 0.36 eV for the w0waCDM + ∑mν model. When combined with Planck data, the upper limit improves significantly. For J-PAS+Planck at 95% C.L, we find ∑mν < 0.061 eV for the Λ CDM + ∑mν model, and for J-PAS+Planck+Pantheon Plus, we obtain ∑mν < 0.12 eV for the w0waCDM + ∑mν model. These results demonstrate that J-PAS clustering measurements can play a crucial role in addressing challenges in the neutrino sector, including potential tensions between cosmological and terrestrial measurements of the neutrino mass, as well as in determining the mass ordering.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/049
Alex González-Fuentes and Adrià Gómez-Valent
Scattered hints of dynamical dark energy (DE) have emerged in various contexts over the past decade. Recent observations from multiple supernova catalogs and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), when combined with CMB data, suggest a highly non-trivial evolution of DE at the 2.5 -4σ CL. This evidence is typically quantified using the well-known Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the DE equation-of-state parameter, wDE, which corresponds to a first-order Taylor expansion of wDE(a) around a = 1. However, this truncation is to some extent arbitrary and may bias our interpretation of the data, potentially leading us to mistake spurious features of the best-fit CPL model for genuine physical properties of DE. In this work, we apply the Weighted Function Regression (WFR) method to eliminate the subjectivity associated with the choice of truncation order. We assign Bayesian weights to the various orders and compute weighted posterior distributions of the quantities of interest. Using this model-agnostic approach, we reconstruct some of the most relevant cosmological background quantities, namely wDE(z), the DE density ρDE(z), and several cosmographical functions, including the Hubble function H(z), the deceleration parameter q(z) and the jerk j(z). This allows us to identify which DE features are genuinely preferred by the data, rather than artifacts of a specific parametrization of wDE(z). We examine the robustness of our results against variations in the CMB and SNIa likelihoods. Furthermore, we extend our analysis by allowing for negative DE. Our results corroborate previous indications of dynamical DE reported in the literature, now confirmed for the first time using the WFR method. The combined analysis of CMB, BAO, and SNIa data favors an effective DE component that transitions from phantom to quintessence behavior at redshift zcross ∼ 0.4. The probability of phantom crossing lies between 96.21% and 99.97%, depending on the SNIa data set used, and hence a simple monotonic evolution of the DE density is excluded at the ∼ 2-4σ CL. Moreover, applying Occam's razor, we find no significant evidence for a negative dark energy density below z ∼ 2.5-3. Our reconstructions do not address the Hubble tension, yielding values of H0 consistent with the Planck/ΛCDM range. If SH0ES measurements are not affected by systematic biases, the evidence for dynamical dark energy may need to be reassessed.
{"title":"Reconstruction of dark energy and late-time cosmic expansion using the Weighted Function Regression method","authors":"Alex González-Fuentes and Adrià Gómez-Valent","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/12/049","url":null,"abstract":"Scattered hints of dynamical dark energy (DE) have emerged in various contexts over the past decade. Recent observations from multiple supernova catalogs and the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI), when combined with CMB data, suggest a highly non-trivial evolution of DE at the 2.5 -4σ CL. This evidence is typically quantified using the well-known Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the DE equation-of-state parameter, wDE, which corresponds to a first-order Taylor expansion of wDE(a) around a = 1. However, this truncation is to some extent arbitrary and may bias our interpretation of the data, potentially leading us to mistake spurious features of the best-fit CPL model for genuine physical properties of DE. In this work, we apply the Weighted Function Regression (WFR) method to eliminate the subjectivity associated with the choice of truncation order. We assign Bayesian weights to the various orders and compute weighted posterior distributions of the quantities of interest. Using this model-agnostic approach, we reconstruct some of the most relevant cosmological background quantities, namely wDE(z), the DE density ρDE(z), and several cosmographical functions, including the Hubble function H(z), the deceleration parameter q(z) and the jerk j(z). This allows us to identify which DE features are genuinely preferred by the data, rather than artifacts of a specific parametrization of wDE(z). We examine the robustness of our results against variations in the CMB and SNIa likelihoods. Furthermore, we extend our analysis by allowing for negative DE. Our results corroborate previous indications of dynamical DE reported in the literature, now confirmed for the first time using the WFR method. The combined analysis of CMB, BAO, and SNIa data favors an effective DE component that transitions from phantom to quintessence behavior at redshift zcross ∼ 0.4. The probability of phantom crossing lies between 96.21% and 99.97%, depending on the SNIa data set used, and hence a simple monotonic evolution of the DE density is excluded at the ∼ 2-4σ CL. Moreover, applying Occam's razor, we find no significant evidence for a negative dark energy density below z ∼ 2.5-3. Our reconstructions do not address the Hubble tension, yielding values of H0 consistent with the Planck/ΛCDM range. If SH0ES measurements are not affected by systematic biases, the evidence for dynamical dark energy may need to be reassessed.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The photodetection properties and the equivalent circuit of organic photodetectors (OPDs) based on zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and fullerene derivative (C 60 ) solar cells are discussed. The CuI layer is very effective to enhance the responsivity and the bandwidth of the OPDs. The obtained responsivity is 29 mA/W, and the bandwidth is 300 kHz, which is restricted by the modulation bandwidth of the illuminating laser. The complex impedance of the OPD is measured, and two types of equivalent circuit are discussed. The simple equivalent circuit is composed of a series resistance and a parallel circuit of a resistance and a capacitance, and it approximately describes the measured complex impedance. The precise equivalent circuit is composed of a series resistance and two parallel circuits of resistance and capacitance, describing the ZnPc and the C 60 separately, and it describes the measured complex impedance very well. The frequency response is simulated by using the equivalent circuits, and the simulated bandwidth is almost the same as the measured bandwidth.
{"title":"Frequency response and equivalent circuit of organic photodetectors based on zinc phthalocyanine and the fullerene derivative organic solar cell","authors":"Xingjian Xu, Jiaxun You, Md. Shahiduzzaman, Tetsuya Taima, Koichi Iiyama","doi":"10.1007/s10043-025-01016-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10043-025-01016-4","url":null,"abstract":"The photodetection properties and the equivalent circuit of organic photodetectors (OPDs) based on zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and fullerene derivative (C <jats:sub>60</jats:sub> ) solar cells are discussed. The CuI layer is very effective to enhance the responsivity and the bandwidth of the OPDs. The obtained responsivity is 29 mA/W, and the bandwidth is 300 kHz, which is restricted by the modulation bandwidth of the illuminating laser. The complex impedance of the OPD is measured, and two types of equivalent circuit are discussed. The simple equivalent circuit is composed of a series resistance and a parallel circuit of a resistance and a capacitance, and it approximately describes the measured complex impedance. The precise equivalent circuit is composed of a series resistance and two parallel circuits of resistance and capacitance, describing the ZnPc and the C <jats:sub>60</jats:sub> separately, and it describes the measured complex impedance very well. The frequency response is simulated by using the equivalent circuits, and the simulated bandwidth is almost the same as the measured bandwidth.","PeriodicalId":722,"journal":{"name":"Optical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/ae2735
Juliano C S Neves
The Deser–Woodard gravity is a modified theory of gravity in which nonlocality plays a central role. In this context, nonlocality is a consequence of the inverse of the d’Alembertian operator in the effective action. Here, exact black hole and wormhole solutions are built in the revised Deser–Woodard gravity following a recent approach, where a special tetrad frame simplifies the complicated field equations of the theory. Using the Schwarzschild metric and the Reissner–Nordström metric as initial seed solutions, the developed algorithm generates new traversable wormholes, singular black holes and a regular black hole as solutions of the vacuum field equations of the modified theory. Also, the auxiliary fields, which are responsible for the nonlocality, are computed. However, even for a regular black hole solution, in which spacetime does not contain a curvature singularity, the corresponding auxiliary fields diverge at the event horizon. Regarding observational results, the shadow angular radius is computed for the new solutions. In particular, the deviation of the Schwarzschild black hole in the Deser–Woodard gravity casts a larger shadow than the corresponding black hole in general relativity.
{"title":"Black holes and wormholes in Deser–Woodard gravity","authors":"Juliano C S Neves","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/ae2735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/ae2735","url":null,"abstract":"The Deser–Woodard gravity is a modified theory of gravity in which nonlocality plays a central role. In this context, nonlocality is a consequence of the inverse of the d’Alembertian operator in the effective action. Here, exact black hole and wormhole solutions are built in the revised Deser–Woodard gravity following a recent approach, where a special tetrad frame simplifies the complicated field equations of the theory. Using the Schwarzschild metric and the Reissner–Nordström metric as initial seed solutions, the developed algorithm generates new traversable wormholes, singular black holes and a regular black hole as solutions of the vacuum field equations of the modified theory. Also, the auxiliary fields, which are responsible for the nonlocality, are computed. However, even for a regular black hole solution, in which spacetime does not contain a curvature singularity, the corresponding auxiliary fields diverge at the event horizon. Regarding observational results, the shadow angular radius is computed for the new solutions. In particular, the deviation of the Schwarzschild black hole in the Deser–Woodard gravity casts a larger shadow than the corresponding black hole in general relativity.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145771424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114545
Ahmad Aminzadeh , Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi , Narges Omidi , Noureddine Barka , Abderrazak El Ouafi
Porosity formation remains a critical challenge in laser welding of aluminum alloys (AAs), where unstable keyhole dynamics can lead to internal defects and compromise joint integrity. This study presents a data-driven framework as a foundational step toward real-time porosity monitoring in overlap laser welding of AA6061. A high-speed camera, mounted coaxially on the laser head, continuously records top-view images of the weld pool during the process. These images are analyzed to predict the presence of porosity exceeding 1.5 mm in diameter, a threshold defined by industrial quality standards. To develop and validate the predictive model, two representative 6 mm weld segments, one porous and one defect-free, were identified using post-weld X-ray imaging. Six key geometrical features of the melt pool (length, width, area, aspect ratio, eccentricity, and solidity) were extracted from the high-speed images and used as input for training a Random Forest classifier. The model achieved an accuracy of approximately 80 % in distinguishing between porous and non-porous weld regions. These results highlight the feasibility of integrating high-speed visual monitoring with machine learning for non-destructive, in-process porosity detection in laser welding applications.
{"title":"Data-driven porosity monitoring in aluminum laser welding: integration of high-speed imaging and machine learning","authors":"Ahmad Aminzadeh , Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi , Narges Omidi , Noureddine Barka , Abderrazak El Ouafi","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porosity formation remains a critical challenge in laser welding of aluminum alloys (AAs), where unstable keyhole dynamics can lead to internal defects and compromise joint integrity. This study presents a data-driven framework as a foundational step toward real-time porosity monitoring in overlap laser welding of AA6061. A high-speed camera, mounted coaxially on the laser head, continuously records top-view images of the weld pool during the process. These images are analyzed to predict the presence of porosity exceeding 1.5 mm in diameter, a threshold defined by industrial quality standards. To develop and validate the predictive model, two representative 6 mm weld segments, one porous and one defect-free, were identified using post-weld X-ray imaging. Six key geometrical features of the melt pool (length, width, area, aspect ratio, eccentricity, and solidity) were extracted from the high-speed images and used as input for training a Random Forest classifier. The model achieved an accuracy of approximately 80 % in distinguishing between porous and non-porous weld regions. These results highlight the feasibility of integrating high-speed visual monitoring with machine learning for non-destructive, in-process porosity detection in laser welding applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114545"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145765898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114491
Qiushi Qin, Tingyang Zhou, Xinyu Ye, Meng Wang, Hao Li, Rong Zhao, Zefeng Wang
Suppressing stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a critical challenge in high-power fiber laser. To address this, chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBGs) serve as pivotal components, with their spectral bandwidth acting as the key performance metric determining their effectiveness. This study proposes a fabrication methodology combining fiber translation and angle integration to create ultra-long broadband chirped tilted fiber Bragg gratings (ULB-CTFBG). The fabricated ULB-CTFBG achieved total grating lengths of 200 mm with 3 dB bandwidths of 61.4 nm and 47.6 nm respectively, exhibiting maximum transmission peak depths exceeding 30 dB. To our knowledge, these are the largest bandwidths ever reported for CTFBG-based SRS suppression in fiber laser systems. Low-power validation using a fiber oscillator integrated with 1000 m delivery fibers demonstrated that the ULB-CTFBG SRS suppression bands fully cover the Raman spectrum with exceptional efficiency. This work establishes an innovative technical pathway for broadband CTFBG fabrication, significantly advancing their implementation in high-power laser architectures.
{"title":"Fabrication of ultra-long broadband chirp tilted fiber Bragg grating for SRS suppression","authors":"Qiushi Qin, Tingyang Zhou, Xinyu Ye, Meng Wang, Hao Li, Rong Zhao, Zefeng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.114491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Suppressing stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is a critical challenge in high-power fiber laser. To address this, chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBGs) serve as pivotal components, with their spectral bandwidth acting as the key performance metric determining their effectiveness. This study proposes a fabrication methodology combining fiber translation and angle integration to create ultra-long broadband chirped tilted fiber Bragg gratings (ULB-CTFBG). The fabricated ULB-CTFBG achieved total grating lengths of 200 mm with 3 dB bandwidths of 61.4 nm and 47.6 nm respectively, exhibiting maximum transmission peak depths exceeding 30 dB. To our knowledge, these are the largest bandwidths ever reported for CTFBG-based SRS suppression in fiber laser systems. Low-power validation using a fiber oscillator integrated with 1000 m delivery fibers demonstrated that the ULB-CTFBG SRS suppression bands fully cover the Raman spectrum with exceptional efficiency. This work establishes an innovative technical pathway for broadband CTFBG fabrication, significantly advancing their implementation in high-power laser architectures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 114491"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145765902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.3103/S1068335625603516
S. O. Tuchin, A. A. Pershin, I. O. Antonov
The paper presents curves of potential energy and dipole moments for the X2Π ground state and low-lying A2Σ+ and B2Π excited states of the CaO+ ion. They were plotted using multiconfiguration methods of electronic structure calculation subject to spin-orbit interaction. Electron-vibrational-rotational spectra caused by spontaneous transitions between vibrational-rotational levels of the X2Π, A2Σ+, and B2Π electronic states of the CaO+ cation were synthesized on their basis. The calculation results can be used for simulating the optical cooling of the CaO+ molecular ion.
{"title":"The Structure of Vibrational and Rotational Levels in the X2Π, A2Σ+, and B2Π Electronic States of the CaO+ Molecular Ion","authors":"S. O. Tuchin, A. A. Pershin, I. O. Antonov","doi":"10.3103/S1068335625603516","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335625603516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The paper presents curves of potential energy and dipole moments for the X<sup>2</sup>Π ground state and low-lying A<sup>2</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup> and B<sup>2</sup>Π excited states of the CaO<sup>+</sup> ion. They were plotted using multiconfiguration methods of electronic structure calculation subject to spin-orbit interaction. Electron-vibrational-rotational spectra caused by spontaneous transitions between vibrational-rotational levels of the X<sup>2</sup>Π, A<sup>2</sup>Σ<sup>+</sup>, and B<sup>2</sup>Π electronic states of the CaO<sup>+</sup> cation were synthesized on their basis. The calculation results can be used for simulating the optical cooling of the CaO<sup>+</sup> molecular ion.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"52 6","pages":"S667 - S671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.3103/S1068335625603413
I. V. Shishkovsky
This paper presents an integrated study into the acoustic properties of hierarchical 3D-printed metamaterials made of polylactide, which have been developed for utilization in tissue engineering applications. A numerical finite element modeling was carried out to study the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the 1–9 MHz range through lattice structures shaped as octahedrons, honeycombs, or diamonds. The influence of geometric topology and effective physical parameters (Young’s modulus, density, sound velocity) on acoustic pressure distribution is discussed. It is shown that the studied types of triple periodic structures with minimal surface area demonstrate unique patterns for the localization and scattering of ultrasonic field energy. This finding opens up opportunities for using such structures as scaffolds or in controlled drug release with diagnostic function. The findings enable the prediction of the interaction between porous lattice metamaterials and ultrasound and the optimization of their application in dynamics using noninvasive ultrasound diagnostics.
{"title":"3D Printed Hierarchical Lattice Metamaterials: Integration of Mechanical Strength and Ultrasonic Sensitivity for Biomedical Applications","authors":"I. V. Shishkovsky","doi":"10.3103/S1068335625603413","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S1068335625603413","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents an integrated study into the acoustic properties of hierarchical 3D-printed metamaterials made of polylactide, which have been developed for utilization in tissue engineering applications. A numerical finite element modeling was carried out to study the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the 1–9 MHz range through lattice structures shaped as octahedrons, honeycombs, or diamonds. The influence of geometric topology and effective physical parameters (Young’s modulus, density, sound velocity) on acoustic pressure distribution is discussed. It is shown that the studied types of triple periodic structures with minimal surface area demonstrate unique patterns for the localization and scattering of ultrasonic field energy. This finding opens up opportunities for using such structures as scaffolds or in controlled drug release with diagnostic function. The findings enable the prediction of the interaction between porous lattice metamaterials and ultrasound and the optimization of their application in dynamics using noninvasive ultrasound diagnostics.</p>","PeriodicalId":503,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Lebedev Physics Institute","volume":"52 6","pages":"S679 - S687"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.3103/S106833562560250X
I. A. Bakulin, S. I. Kuznetsov, A. S. Panin, E. Yu. Tarasova
We examine the effect of laser shock peening (LSP) without coating by low-energy (0.3 J) pulses on the structure and residual stresses in a deformed AMg6 aluminum alloy with different crystallographic textures prior to and after recrystallization annealing. It is shown that the initial texture of the alloy dramatically affects the profile and depth of residual stresses after LSP. It is found that the depth and profile of compressive residual stress (CRS) in the aluminum alloy depend on the orientation of the crystallographic planes relative to the applied force. The smallest depth and magnitude of CRS are obtained when the slip plane is located perpendicular to the applied force. With a favorable crystallographic texture, the CRS depth increases by 1.5 to 3 times, depending on the laser power density and spot diameter. It can be argued that the crystallographic texture of the LSP-processed (LSPed) alloy is one of the main factors influencing the results of laser shock peening.
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N = 2, 4 and 8 supersymmetric string theories in four dimensional flat space-time have moduli space of vacua. We argue that starting from a theory where the moduli approach a particular moduli space point A at infinity, we can construct a classical solution that contains an arbitrarily large space-time region where the moduli take values corresponding to any other moduli space point B of our choice to any desired accuracy. Therefore the observables of a theory with a given set of asymptotic values of the moduli will have complete information on the observables for any other asymptotic values of the moduli. Also it is physically impossible for any experiment, performed over a finite time, to determine the asymptotic values of the moduli. We point out the difference between asymptotically flat space-time and asymptotically AdS space-time in this regard and discuss the possible implication of these results for holographic duals of string theories in flat space-time. For N=2 supersymmetric theories, A and B could correspond to compactifications on topologically distinct Calabi-Yau manifolds related by flop or conifold transitions.
{"title":"Decorating asymptotically flat space-time with the moduli space of string theory","authors":"Ashoke Sen","doi":"10.1007/JHEP12(2025)145","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP12(2025)145","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000<i>N</i> = 2, 4 and 8 supersymmetric string theories in four dimensional flat space-time have moduli space of vacua. We argue that starting from a theory where the moduli approach a particular moduli space point A at infinity, we can construct a classical solution that contains an arbitrarily large space-time region where the moduli take values corresponding to any other moduli space point B of our choice to any desired accuracy. Therefore the observables of a theory with a given set of asymptotic values of the moduli will have complete information on the observables for any other asymptotic values of the moduli. Also it is physically impossible for any experiment, performed over a finite time, to determine the asymptotic values of the moduli. We point out the difference between asymptotically flat space-time and asymptotically AdS space-time in this regard and discuss the possible implication of these results for holographic duals of string theories in flat space-time. For N=2 supersymmetric theories, A and B could correspond to compactifications on topologically distinct Calabi-Yau manifolds related by flop or conifold transitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP12(2025)145.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145778671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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