Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-02-10DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132997
Yizhao Pan, Fang Chen, Wenxing Yang
The coloration performance of conventional plasmonic structural color systems has been constrained by the high intrinsic loss of bulk metallic materials. In contrast, borophene, an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material, has shown promise as a new candidate for structural color applications due to its low-loss characteristics in the visible regime. This research investigates the color performance of a structural color system based on dual-layer borophene nanogratings (BGs), in which color output can be electrically tuned via bias voltage. The resulting colors achieve a coverage of approximately 200 % of the sRGB gamut defined in CIE 1931. Under fixed structural parameters, the maximum color gamut area reaches 170 % of sRGB and 126 % of Adobe RGB. The system supports a maximum resolution of 106 dots per inch (dpi). Moreover, the reflectance remains consistently high ()under large incident angles (), maintaining bright color appearance. Polarization-dependent responses occur periodically, suggesting potential applications in color cryptography. The system also exhibits excellent robustness regarding the relaxation time of borophene. This work establishes a theoretical foundation for the design of high-resolution electrochromic encryption systems.
{"title":"An electrochromic dual-layer borophene nanogratings plasmonic structure color system with excellent color gamut and high brightness","authors":"Yizhao Pan, Fang Chen, Wenxing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coloration performance of conventional plasmonic structural color systems has been constrained by the high intrinsic loss of bulk metallic materials. In contrast, borophene, an emerging two-dimensional (2D) material, has shown promise as a new candidate for structural color applications due to its low-loss characteristics in the visible regime. This research investigates the color performance of a structural color system based on dual-layer borophene nanogratings (BGs), in which color output can be electrically tuned via bias voltage. The resulting colors achieve a coverage of approximately 200 % of the sRGB gamut defined in CIE 1931. Under fixed structural parameters, the maximum color gamut area reaches 170 % of sRGB and 126 % of Adobe RGB. The system supports a maximum resolution of 10<sup>6</sup> dots per inch (dpi). Moreover, the reflectance remains consistently high (<span><math><mrow><mo>≥</mo><mn>90</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>)under large incident angles (<span><math><mrow><mo>≤</mo><msup><mn>70</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>), maintaining bright color appearance. Polarization-dependent responses occur periodically, suggesting potential applications in color cryptography. The system also exhibits excellent robustness regarding the relaxation time of borophene. This work establishes a theoretical foundation for the design of high-resolution electrochromic encryption systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 132997"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-02-06DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132979
Wei Liu, Chengrui Yan, Di Wang, Zeyu Liu, Bohan Shi, Runzhi Wang, Yujia Liu
In this study, the optoelectronic characteristics of red light-emitting InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with an AlGaN layer inserted into a GaN barrier are investigated numerically. It is demonstrated that the polarization effect in InGaN QWs can be enhanced due to inserted AlGaN layer in barriers, leading to a redshift of the luminescence peak wavelength from 631.8 nm to 640.6 nm. Furthermore, compared to the traditional InGaN/GaN MQW structure, the utility of barriers with an AlGaN insertion layer can improve the uniformity of carrier distribution and increase the carrier concentration in the MQW active region by more than 35%, resulting in the enhancement of luminescence intensity by 10%. Especially, for the MQW sample where the Al content in the AlGaN insertion layer increases along the epitaxial growth direction, the luminescence intensity is the highest and the peak wavelength is the largest.
{"title":"Effect of AlGaN insertion layer in barriers on the optoelectronic characteristics of red light-emitting InGaN/GaN multi-quantum wells","authors":"Wei Liu, Chengrui Yan, Di Wang, Zeyu Liu, Bohan Shi, Runzhi Wang, Yujia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the optoelectronic characteristics of red light-emitting InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells (MQWs) with an AlGaN layer inserted into a GaN barrier are investigated numerically. It is demonstrated that the polarization effect in InGaN QWs can be enhanced due to inserted AlGaN layer in barriers, leading to a redshift of the luminescence peak wavelength from 631.8 nm to 640.6 nm. Furthermore, compared to the traditional InGaN/GaN MQW structure, the utility of barriers with an AlGaN insertion layer can improve the uniformity of carrier distribution and increase the carrier concentration in the MQW active region by more than 35%, resulting in the enhancement of luminescence intensity by 10%. Especially, for the MQW sample where the Al content in the AlGaN insertion layer increases along the epitaxial growth direction, the luminescence intensity is the highest and the peak wavelength is the largest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 132979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><div>In 2019, Hayabusa2 performed an artificial cratering experiment on asteroid Ryugu by using a small carry-on impactor (SCI). This study focuses on the impact ejecta plume captured by a deployable camera (DCAM3) and investigates its dynamical evolution. In contrast to previous direct kinetic impact missions, the rendezvous configuration enabled high-resolution and comprehensive observations, thereby allowing the empirical validation of impact-physics models under actual space conditions. The image-based analyses are divided into two components: (1) reconstruction of the shape of the ejecta curtain composed of fine particles and (2) estimation of the trajectories of decimeter-scale boulders detected as individual bright spots. In the former analysis, the material constants associated with the ejecta velocity scaling law for the gravity-dominated regime are estimated through numerical fitting to the observed curtain edge. The distance-dependent ejection angle is simultaneously derived, constraining the kinematics of the excavation flow. The latter analysis aims to determine the ballistic trajectories of four ejected boulders based on their image plane centroid locations and nonlinear orbital dynamics. We examine the consistency between the estimated ejection velocities and angles of the boulders and the corresponding representative values for fine particles inferred from the ejecta curtain. The analysis results enable further discussion of ejecta deposition at the spacecraft landing site and of surface modification caused by secondary impacts of ejected boulders. In this study, remote sensing data obtained before, during, and after the SCI impact event are integrated to advance our understanding of the dynamic processes of impact ejecta, from excavation to deposition. A key finding of this study is that the ejecta velocity scaling parameters are <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>03</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>55</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>. Also, the ejecta launch angle averages approximately <span><math><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>, and its spatial variation is consistent with the surface topography. These results indicate that the SCI impact on Ryugu can be characterized as an impact on a typical sand target. Based on the Z-model for excavation with a best-fit streamline exponent of <span><math><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>86</mn></mrow></math></span>, the ejecta deposit at the Hayabusa2 landing site was estimated to have a thickness of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>cm</mi></mrow></math></span> and a maximum excavation depth of <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, suggesting that the
{"title":"Ejecta plume evolution in the Hayabusa2 impact experiment on asteroid Ryugu","authors":"Shota Kikuchi , Masahiko Arakawa , Koji Wada , Toshihiko Kadono , Seiji Sugita , Kei Shirai , Ko Ishibashi , Rie Honda , Yasuhiro Yokota , Yuri Shimaki , Naoya Sakatani , Kazunori Ogawa , Hirotaka Sawada , Takanao Saiki , Yuya Mimasu , Yuto Takei , Naru Hirata , Satoru Nakazawa , Makoto Yoshikawa , Satoshi Tanaka , Yuichi Tsuda","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2019, Hayabusa2 performed an artificial cratering experiment on asteroid Ryugu by using a small carry-on impactor (SCI). This study focuses on the impact ejecta plume captured by a deployable camera (DCAM3) and investigates its dynamical evolution. In contrast to previous direct kinetic impact missions, the rendezvous configuration enabled high-resolution and comprehensive observations, thereby allowing the empirical validation of impact-physics models under actual space conditions. The image-based analyses are divided into two components: (1) reconstruction of the shape of the ejecta curtain composed of fine particles and (2) estimation of the trajectories of decimeter-scale boulders detected as individual bright spots. In the former analysis, the material constants associated with the ejecta velocity scaling law for the gravity-dominated regime are estimated through numerical fitting to the observed curtain edge. The distance-dependent ejection angle is simultaneously derived, constraining the kinematics of the excavation flow. The latter analysis aims to determine the ballistic trajectories of four ejected boulders based on their image plane centroid locations and nonlinear orbital dynamics. We examine the consistency between the estimated ejection velocities and angles of the boulders and the corresponding representative values for fine particles inferred from the ejecta curtain. The analysis results enable further discussion of ejecta deposition at the spacecraft landing site and of surface modification caused by secondary impacts of ejected boulders. In this study, remote sensing data obtained before, during, and after the SCI impact event are integrated to advance our understanding of the dynamic processes of impact ejecta, from excavation to deposition. A key finding of this study is that the ejecta velocity scaling parameters are <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>03</mn></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>55</mn><mo>±</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>05</mn></mrow></math></span>. Also, the ejecta launch angle averages approximately <span><math><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>, and its spatial variation is consistent with the surface topography. These results indicate that the SCI impact on Ryugu can be characterized as an impact on a typical sand target. Based on the Z-model for excavation with a best-fit streamline exponent of <span><math><mrow><mi>Z</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>86</mn></mrow></math></span>, the ejecta deposit at the Hayabusa2 landing site was estimated to have a thickness of <span><math><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>8</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>cm</mi></mrow></math></span> and a maximum excavation depth of <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>2</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span>, suggesting that the","PeriodicalId":13199,"journal":{"name":"Icarus","volume":"452 ","pages":"Article 117023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117043
Jeremy Bailey , Daniel V. Cotton , Kimberly Bott , Ievgeniia Boiko
We report new high-precision observations of the polarization of light scattered from the atmosphere of Venus, made 100 years after the pioneering studies by Bernard Lyot. The new observations include disk-integrated observations in a range of filters as well as imaging polarimetry. We compare the new results with past observations and models. We have reproduced the 1974 modeling of the Venus polarization by Hansen and Hovenier using modern radiative transfer codes. We show that the new models are in good agreement with the originals, and enable us to calculate the polarization for wavelengths not covered by the original study and to model the polarization distribution across the disk. The new observations are in good agreement with past determinations of the size distribution of the predominant particle mode. They agree with past studies in showing variability of the phase curve between synodic cycles and also polarization variability on short timescales, particularly at higher phase angles (crescent phases). Imaging polarimetry observations show good agreement with models for the redder wavelengths. However, observations in the ultraviolet show very different polarization behavior in the polar regions (within about 30°of the north and south poles). The simplest explanation of this result is that there is a larger Rayleigh scattering component in the polar regions than in the equatorial and mid-latitudes and this could be explained by a lower cloud-top height in agreement with previous spacecraft observations. These ultraviolet polarization observations are inconsistent with horizontally homogeneous atmospheric models.
{"title":"One hundred years of Venus polarimetry: PICSARR observations of the phase curves","authors":"Jeremy Bailey , Daniel V. Cotton , Kimberly Bott , Ievgeniia Boiko","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report new high-precision observations of the polarization of light scattered from the atmosphere of Venus, made 100 years after the pioneering studies by Bernard Lyot. The new observations include disk-integrated observations in a range of filters as well as imaging polarimetry. We compare the new results with past observations and models. We have reproduced the 1974 modeling of the Venus polarization by Hansen and Hovenier using modern radiative transfer codes. We show that the new models are in good agreement with the originals, and enable us to calculate the polarization for wavelengths not covered by the original study and to model the polarization distribution across the disk. The new observations are in good agreement with past determinations of the size distribution of the predominant particle mode. They agree with past studies in showing variability of the phase curve between synodic cycles and also polarization variability on short timescales, particularly at higher phase angles (crescent phases). Imaging polarimetry observations show good agreement with models for the redder wavelengths. However, observations in the ultraviolet show very different polarization behavior in the polar regions (within about 30°of the north and south poles). The simplest explanation of this result is that there is a larger Rayleigh scattering component in the polar regions than in the equatorial and mid-latitudes and this could be explained by a lower cloud-top height in agreement with previous spacecraft observations. These ultraviolet polarization observations are inconsistent with horizontally homogeneous atmospheric models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13199,"journal":{"name":"Icarus","volume":"452 ","pages":"Article 117043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117022
Sunpeng Zhou , Zhenpeng Wang , Shanshan Zhou , Hang Deng , Qinggong Wang , Rui Wu , Wei Yao , Ke Xu
Lunar polar regions are considered promising areas where massive water resources may exist, especially in the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) where ice can hardly evaporate once formed due to the extremely low temperature. Here we estimate the ice retention by simulating the evolution of potential water ice reserves in PSRs in up to one billion years based on a simple numerical model. Dissipation at the warmer edge of PSRs and vapor supply from lower latitudes are identified as major mechanisms of ice spatial distribution evolution. We investigate the effects of PSRs sizes, boundary temperature, initial ice saturation, effective diffusion coefficient, the water vapor influx, and the reflected / scatted solar radiation from crater wall. Major findings include:
1.
In large cold traps (radius greater than 20 m), most initially trapped water ice can be preserved, that may serve as major water supply for human activity; in micro cold traps (radius smaller than 1 m), water ice may only remain temporarily.
2.
Mixing between ice in shallow regolith and in deep regolith in PSRs is very limited, which can be utilized for investigating their distinct geological origins.
This approach can also be extended to study other volatiles on extraterrestrial bodies in cold traps.
{"title":"Retention of water ice in lunar permanent shadowed regions","authors":"Sunpeng Zhou , Zhenpeng Wang , Shanshan Zhou , Hang Deng , Qinggong Wang , Rui Wu , Wei Yao , Ke Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.icarus.2026.117022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lunar polar regions are considered promising areas where massive water resources may exist, especially in the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) where ice can hardly evaporate once formed due to the extremely low temperature. Here we estimate the ice retention by simulating the evolution of potential water ice reserves in PSRs in up to one billion years based on a simple numerical model. Dissipation at the warmer edge of PSRs and vapor supply from lower latitudes are identified as major mechanisms of ice spatial distribution evolution. We investigate the effects of PSRs sizes, boundary temperature, initial ice saturation, effective diffusion coefficient, the water vapor influx, and the reflected / scatted solar radiation from crater wall. Major findings include:<ul><li><span>1.</span><span><div>In large cold traps (radius greater than 20 m), most initially trapped water ice can be preserved, that may serve as major water supply for human activity; in micro cold traps (radius smaller than 1 m), water ice may only remain temporarily.</div></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><div>Mixing between ice in shallow regolith and in deep regolith in PSRs is very limited, which can be utilized for investigating their distinct geological origins.</div></span></li></ul></div><div>This approach can also be extended to study other volatiles on extraterrestrial bodies in cold traps.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13199,"journal":{"name":"Icarus","volume":"452 ","pages":"Article 117022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147387870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We propose a planar, prism-coupled Weyl-semimetal (WSM) interface that enables nonreciprocal Goos–Hänchen (GH) amplification via direction-dependent reflection-phase winding. The WSM/air/WSM stack supports narrow angular resonances with abrupt phase wraps in the TM reflection coefficient, which convert into giant lateral beam displacements for opposite in-plane propagation directions. For representative mid-infrared operation, we obtain peak normalized shifts up to , with repeated polarity switching near resonance. A pronounced nonreciprocal response is observed by selecting an operating angle at which one direction is resonant while the counter-propagating direction is off-resonant, yielding a displacement contrast exceeding within a sub- angular window. The effect is broadly reconfigurable: tuning the wavelength from to relocates the giant-shift resonances across °–17°, varying the air-gap thickness from to reshapes the coupling linewidths and shifts the extrema by several degrees, and rotating the azimuthal angle from to reorients the in-plane momentum relative to the WSM gyrotropy axis, enabling controllable direction selectivity and sign reversal. These results establish WSM interfaces as a compact, lithography-free platform for displacement-based nonreciprocal beam steering, isolation-like discrimination, and high-contrast sensing in the mid-infrared.
{"title":"Breaking reciprocity via beam shifts in Weyl Semimetal Interfaces with nonreciprocal Goos-Hänchen amplification","authors":"Yuliang Zhi , Xin Cui , Fenglin Xian , Shixin Pei , Gaige Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.133002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.133002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a planar, prism-coupled Weyl-semimetal (WSM) interface that enables nonreciprocal Goos–Hänchen (GH) amplification via direction-dependent reflection-phase winding. The WSM/air/WSM stack supports narrow angular resonances with abrupt phase wraps in the TM reflection coefficient, which convert into giant lateral beam displacements for opposite in-plane propagation directions. For representative mid-infrared operation, we obtain peak normalized shifts up to <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow><mo>/</mo><mi>λ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>7</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>, with repeated polarity switching near resonance. A pronounced nonreciprocal response is observed by selecting an operating angle at which one direction is resonant while the counter-propagating direction is off-resonant, yielding a displacement contrast exceeding <span><math><mrow><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> within a sub-<span><math><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> angular window. The effect is broadly reconfigurable: tuning the wavelength from <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>12</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>17</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> relocates the giant-shift resonances across <span><math><mrow><mi>θ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn></mrow></math></span>°–17°, varying the air-gap thickness from <span><math><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>13</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> reshapes the coupling linewidths and shifts the extrema by several degrees, and rotating the azimuthal angle from <span><math><mrow><mi>φ</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> to <span><math><mrow><mn>180</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> reorients the in-plane momentum <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>∥</mo></mrow></msub></math></span> relative to the WSM gyrotropy axis, enabling controllable direction selectivity and sign reversal. These results establish WSM interfaces as a compact, lithography-free platform for displacement-based nonreciprocal beam steering, isolation-like discrimination, and high-contrast sensing in the mid-infrared.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 133002"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132998
Muhammad Ikram , Shaohua Tao , Muhammad Akram
Active control of chiroptical response in plasmonic systems is pivotal for next-generation optical isolators, chiroptical sensors and magnetically reconfigurable meta-surfaces, yet simultaneous electrical and magnetic tunability with sub-degree angular resolution remains elusive. Here we demonstrate giant, angle-resolved magnetic field assisted CD modulation in an epsilon-shaped achiral plasmonic nanoantenna evaporated onto magnetically anisotropic Ce:YIG. Under oblique circularly-polarized excitation, the structure exhibits extrinsic chirality which can be modulated on demand by an in-plane magnetic field of only a few mT. A rigorous coupled-wave analysis reveals that the CD amplitude increases monotonically with incidence angle up to 45°. A mechanism elucidating extrinsic CD due to oblique incidence is established. Notably, due to magnetic anisotropy of Ce:YIG, CD modulation with in-plane magnetic field surpasses that with out-of-plane magnetic field. The calculated in-plane magnetic sensitivity is about 58 times larger than its out-of-plane counterpart. The proposed magnetoplasmonic system is CMOS-compatible, operates at room temperature and requires <1 mW optical power, offering a scalable platform for atto-molar enantiomer detection, on-chip Faraday isolators and magnetically addressable chiral photonic circuits and sensors.
{"title":"Anisotropic variation in chiroptical response of plasmonic nanostructure in in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic fields","authors":"Muhammad Ikram , Shaohua Tao , Muhammad Akram","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active control of chiroptical response in plasmonic systems is pivotal for next-generation optical isolators, chiroptical sensors and magnetically reconfigurable meta-surfaces, yet simultaneous electrical and magnetic tunability with sub-degree angular resolution remains elusive. Here we demonstrate giant, angle-resolved magnetic field assisted CD modulation in an epsilon-shaped achiral plasmonic nanoantenna evaporated onto magnetically anisotropic Ce:YIG. Under oblique circularly-polarized excitation, the structure exhibits extrinsic chirality which can be modulated on demand by an in-plane magnetic field of only a few mT. A rigorous coupled-wave analysis reveals that the CD amplitude increases monotonically with incidence angle up to 45°. A mechanism elucidating extrinsic CD due to oblique incidence is established. Notably, due to magnetic anisotropy of Ce:YIG, CD modulation with in-plane magnetic field surpasses that with out-of-plane magnetic field. The calculated in-plane magnetic sensitivity is about 58 times larger than its out-of-plane counterpart. The proposed magnetoplasmonic system is CMOS-compatible, operates at room temperature and requires <1 mW optical power, offering a scalable platform for atto-molar enantiomer detection, on-chip Faraday isolators and magnetically addressable chiral photonic circuits and sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 132998"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-02-03DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132993
Jianan Fu , Ziyue Ping , Guannan He , Zhi Luo , Xia Wu , Bo Huang
In the field of imaging through scattering media, methods based on the optical memory effect (OME) are non-invasive and easy to implement but are limited by a narrow field of view. End-to-end deep learning (DL) approaches achieve superior reconstruction performance through powerful feature extraction capabilities; however, their dependence on large-scale training datasets restricts practical applicability. In this work, we incorporate the OME principle into the data synthesis process and train a DL–based scattering imaging model using the resulting physically inspired synthetic data. Although synthetic data alone is typically insufficient to represent the true scattering process, a suitably designed DL model can learn and compensate for these discrepancies, thereby enabling scattering imaging beyond the OME range. Our approach successfully reconstructs targets extending to more than twice the OME limit. Moreover, this method significantly reduces data acquisition costs and experimental complexity, providing a promising pathway for integrating physical priors with DL in scattering imaging.
{"title":"Scattering imaging beyond the optical memory effect using deep learning model trained on physically inspired synthetic data","authors":"Jianan Fu , Ziyue Ping , Guannan He , Zhi Luo , Xia Wu , Bo Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the field of imaging through scattering media, methods based on the optical memory effect (OME) are non-invasive and easy to implement but are limited by a narrow field of view. End-to-end deep learning (DL) approaches achieve superior reconstruction performance through powerful feature extraction capabilities; however, their dependence on large-scale training datasets restricts practical applicability. In this work, we incorporate the OME principle into the data synthesis process and train a DL–based scattering imaging model using the resulting physically inspired synthetic data. Although synthetic data alone is typically insufficient to represent the true scattering process, a suitably designed DL model can learn and compensate for these discrepancies, thereby enabling scattering imaging beyond the OME range. Our approach successfully reconstructs targets extending to more than twice the OME limit. Moreover, this method significantly reduces data acquisition costs and experimental complexity, providing a promising pathway for integrating physical priors with DL in scattering imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 132993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132967
Wei Zhang , Danying Song , Xiting Wang , Nana Yu , Xiaolei Wang , Sixing Xi
This paper proposes a novel cross-layer chaotic encryption and reversible hiding scheme to address the security requirements of three-dimensional (3D) information. The scheme combines a layer-oriented iterative angular spectrum method with chaotic keys and high-complexity chaotic sequences generated by a five-dimensional Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system (FHCCS) to process 3D information. It disrupts the spatial correlation of 3D information through cross-layer scrambling and diffusion encryption. Subsequently, the encrypted information is losslessly embedded into a color carrier image using an improved reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted images using parametric binary tree labeling (IPBTL-RDHEI) for storage and transmission. With the correct keys, the 3D information can be extracted and decrypted, enabling high-quality optical reconstruction. Thus, the proposed encryption scheme integrates both optical and chaotic key mechanisms, offering a novel and practical solution for privacy protection and secure transmission of 3D information.
{"title":"A novel cross-layer chaotic encryption and reversible hiding scheme for 3D information security","authors":"Wei Zhang , Danying Song , Xiting Wang , Nana Yu , Xiaolei Wang , Sixing Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optcom.2026.132967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel cross-layer chaotic encryption and reversible hiding scheme to address the security requirements of three-dimensional (3D) information. The scheme combines a layer-oriented iterative angular spectrum method with chaotic keys and high-complexity chaotic sequences generated by a five-dimensional Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system (FHCCS) to process 3D information. It disrupts the spatial correlation of 3D information through cross-layer scrambling and diffusion encryption. Subsequently, the encrypted information is losslessly embedded into a color carrier image using an improved reversible data hiding scheme in encrypted images using parametric binary tree labeling (IPBTL-RDHEI) for storage and transmission. With the correct keys, the 3D information can be extracted and decrypted, enabling high-quality optical reconstruction. Thus, the proposed encryption scheme integrates both optical and chaotic key mechanisms, offering a novel and practical solution for privacy protection and secure transmission of 3D information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19586,"journal":{"name":"Optics Communications","volume":"608 ","pages":"Article 132967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-07-01Epub Date: 2026-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109899
Yi Wang , Jinjun Liu , Rebekah Esmaili , Mark Schoeberl
Satellite nadir retrievals of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) cannot be made over clouds which can limit their use for near-real-time air-quality monitoring. We evaluate a simple time-series approach that increases AOD coverage over clouds by predicting short-term transport and filling gaps using Machine Learning (ML). We use a single-channel convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) sequence model trained on NOAA GOES-18 ABI AOD dataset. Predicted plumes reproduce observed spatial organization despite the presence of clouds, and when composited into the observed AOD field by filling missing pixels, the model provides spatially coherent AOD estimates over obscured regions. With longer lead times, predictions become smoother and high-AOD extremes are unrealistically suppressed, narrowing the dynamic range relative to observations. Motion, quantified by an AOD-weighted centroid, shows frame-to-frame step distances that are smaller than observed. The distances decline with time, indicating accumulated transport error and under-advection of filaments. In addition, scene-mean AOD and its standard deviation are lower in predictions than in observations and decrease further with longer lead time (in 20-min intervals between frames). Performance degrades with increasing lead time and during prolonged, widespread obscuration, and may be less reliable for abrupt aerosol regime shifts. We compare ML model gap filling with ordinary kriging anchored to observed edges: kriging yields the smoother fields and tends to elevate AOD over broader regions, whereas ML-based filling preserves plume organization, avoids some edge amplification, and produces fewer extremes. Overall, a ConvLSTM provides timely AOD nowcasts and substantially extends coverage for short lead times, although performance degrades with lead time.
气溶胶光学深度（AOD）的卫星最低点反演不能在云层上进行，这限制了它们在近实时空气质量监测中的应用。我们评估了一种简单的时间序列方法，该方法通过预测短期运输和使用机器学习（ML）填补空白来增加AOD在云上的覆盖。本文采用基于NOAA GOES-18 ABI AOD数据集训练的单通道卷积长短期记忆（ConvLSTM）序列模型。尽管存在云，但预测的羽流再现了观测到的空间组织，当通过填充缺失的像素将其合成到观测到的AOD场时，该模型提供了遮蔽区域上空间一致的AOD估计。由于提前期较长，预测变得更平稳，高aod极端值被不切实际地抑制，相对于观测值缩小了动态范围。运动，由aod加权质心量化，显示帧到帧的步距比观测到的要小。随着时间的推移，距离逐渐减小，表明输送误差的累积和细丝的欠平流。此外，场景平均AOD及其标准偏差在预测中比在观测中更低，并且随着提前时间的延长（帧间间隔20分钟）进一步降低。性能随着提前时间的增加和长时间、大范围的遮蔽而下降，并且对于突然的气溶胶状态变化可能不太可靠。我们将ML模型的间隙填充与锚定在观测边缘的普通克里格模型进行了比较：克里格模型产生更光滑的场，并倾向于在更广泛的区域上提升AOD，而基于ML的填充保留了羽流组织，避免了一些边缘放大，并且产生的极端情况更少。总的来说，ConvLSTM提供了及时的AOD临近预报，并在较短的交货时间内大大扩展了覆盖范围，尽管性能会随着交货时间的延长而下降。
{"title":"Extending geostationary satellite AOD coverage with a lightweight spatiotemporal sequence model","authors":"Yi Wang , Jinjun Liu , Rebekah Esmaili , Mark Schoeberl","doi":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109899","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jqsrt.2026.109899","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Satellite nadir retrievals of Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) cannot be made over clouds which can limit their use for near-real-time air-quality monitoring. We evaluate a simple time-series approach that increases AOD coverage over clouds by predicting short-term transport and filling gaps using Machine Learning (ML). We use a single-channel convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM) sequence model trained on NOAA GOES-18 ABI AOD dataset. Predicted plumes reproduce observed spatial organization despite the presence of clouds, and when composited into the observed AOD field by filling missing pixels, the model provides spatially coherent AOD estimates over obscured regions. With longer lead times, predictions become smoother and high-AOD extremes are unrealistically suppressed, narrowing the dynamic range relative to observations. Motion, quantified by an AOD-weighted centroid, shows frame-to-frame step distances that are smaller than observed. The distances decline with time, indicating accumulated transport error and under-advection of filaments. In addition, scene-mean AOD and its standard deviation are lower in predictions than in observations and decrease further with longer lead time (in 20-min intervals between frames). Performance degrades with increasing lead time and during prolonged, widespread obscuration, and may be less reliable for abrupt aerosol regime shifts. We compare ML model gap filling with ordinary kriging anchored to observed edges: kriging yields the smoother fields and tends to elevate AOD over broader regions, whereas ML-based filling preserves plume organization, avoids some edge amplification, and produces fewer extremes. Overall, a ConvLSTM provides timely AOD nowcasts and substantially extends coverage for short lead times, although performance degrades with lead time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16935,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer","volume":"357 ","pages":"Article 109899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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