Copper metasilicate (CuSiO3) derived from mineral dioptase is a unique anisotropic compound with planar edge-sharing CuO4+2 “octahedra” interspaced by SiO4 tetrahedra running along [001] direction. Combined with multivalent Cu sites and Si, it provides a robust structure for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) reactions. Unlike metallic Cu, widely studied for ECR initially, Cu-based materials have drawn more attention lately as they not only exhibit selective formation of products due to the presence of Cuδ+ (1 < δ < 2) sites, but also ensure structural stability. Herein, we study the electronic structure of the novel orthorhombic CuSiO3 in bulk, [100] and [020] surfaces. We then investigate stepwise ECR on the [100] surface of CuSiO3 due to its appropriate alignment of d-band center, suitable chemical structure, and active surface atoms. Furthermore, the spin-polarized studies show [100] planes of CuSiO3 are half-metallic and promising for ECR. The detailed analysis of various parallel reaction pathways of ECR and the calculated free energies shows that *CHO formation is the potential-determining step with an energy barrier of 0.58 eV. ECR investigation indicates that the most feasible CO2→CH3OH conversion occurs with the on-site magnetic moment (μB) ≈0.2 for Cu atoms, and the changes in Gibbs free energies are closely related to the variations of on-site μB of Cu atoms on CuSiO3 [100]. We studied how the Cu–O–Si interaction affects the reaction pathways, influencing formation of specific reaction intermediates, thereby leading to the most probable products. Due to the presence of abundant active surface sites with varying oxidation states, and higher conductivity, CuSiO3100 exhibits a reduced activation barrier and a favorable CO2 reduction to CH3OH.
{"title":"Role of Cu δ + sites for a favorable electrocatalytic CO2 reduction on CuSiO3 surface","authors":"Brajesh Rajesh Bhagat, Bidisa Das","doi":"10.1063/5.0284285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0284285","url":null,"abstract":"Copper metasilicate (CuSiO3) derived from mineral dioptase is a unique anisotropic compound with planar edge-sharing CuO4+2 “octahedra” interspaced by SiO4 tetrahedra running along [001] direction. Combined with multivalent Cu sites and Si, it provides a robust structure for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction (ECR) reactions. Unlike metallic Cu, widely studied for ECR initially, Cu-based materials have drawn more attention lately as they not only exhibit selective formation of products due to the presence of Cuδ+ (1 &lt; δ &lt; 2) sites, but also ensure structural stability. Herein, we study the electronic structure of the novel orthorhombic CuSiO3 in bulk, [100] and [020] surfaces. We then investigate stepwise ECR on the [100] surface of CuSiO3 due to its appropriate alignment of d-band center, suitable chemical structure, and active surface atoms. Furthermore, the spin-polarized studies show [100] planes of CuSiO3 are half-metallic and promising for ECR. The detailed analysis of various parallel reaction pathways of ECR and the calculated free energies shows that *CHO formation is the potential-determining step with an energy barrier of 0.58 eV. ECR investigation indicates that the most feasible CO2→CH3OH conversion occurs with the on-site magnetic moment (μB) ≈0.2 for Cu atoms, and the changes in Gibbs free energies are closely related to the variations of on-site μB of Cu atoms on CuSiO3 [100]. We studied how the Cu–O–Si interaction affects the reaction pathways, influencing formation of specific reaction intermediates, thereby leading to the most probable products. Due to the presence of abundant active surface sites with varying oxidation states, and higher conductivity, CuSiO3100 exhibits a reduced activation barrier and a favorable CO2 reduction to CH3OH.","PeriodicalId":8200,"journal":{"name":"Applied physics reviews","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":15.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qing Meng, Jiasheng Fu, Ziao Tian, Yan Cai, Miao Zhang, Zheng Wang, Zengfeng Di
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technologies has imposed unprecedented demands on high‐density and energy‐efficient optical interconnects. Silicon photonic (SiPh) chips offer a promising solution by enabling the integration of hundreds of photonic devices within a millimeter‐scale footprint using standard semiconductor fabrication processes. However, the high thermo‐optic coefficient of silicon (Si) poses a significant challenge to achieving energy‐efficient operation, especially under varying thermal conditions. Therefore, athermal designs that eliminate the need of active temperature control are highly desirable. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate an athermal silicon photonic optical transmitter, realized through heterogeneous integration of graphene on a silicon nitride (SiN) photonic integrated circuit fabricated in a standard 200 mm SiPh pilot line. The transmitter supports data transmission rates exceeding 100 Gbps over a temperature range from 20°C to 60°C, with temperature‐induced relative bandwidth fluctuations remaining below 3%. Our work paves the way for scalable and cost‐effective SiPh solutions with enhanced thermal stability, meeting the growing interconnect demands of next‐generation computing infrastructure.
{"title":"Graphene‐Based Athermal Silicon Photonic Optical Transmitter Operating Beyond 100 Gbps","authors":"Qing Meng, Jiasheng Fu, Ziao Tian, Yan Cai, Miao Zhang, Zheng Wang, Zengfeng Di","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202502199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202502199","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence technologies has imposed unprecedented demands on high‐density and energy‐efficient optical interconnects. Silicon photonic (SiPh) chips offer a promising solution by enabling the integration of hundreds of photonic devices within a millimeter‐scale footprint using standard semiconductor fabrication processes. However, the high thermo‐optic coefficient of silicon (Si) poses a significant challenge to achieving energy‐efficient operation, especially under varying thermal conditions. Therefore, athermal designs that eliminate the need of active temperature control are highly desirable. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate an athermal silicon photonic optical transmitter, realized through heterogeneous integration of graphene on a silicon nitride (SiN) photonic integrated circuit fabricated in a standard 200 mm SiPh pilot line. The transmitter supports data transmission rates exceeding 100 Gbps over a temperature range from 20°C to 60°C, with temperature‐induced relative bandwidth fluctuations remaining below 3%. Our work paves the way for scalable and cost‐effective SiPh solutions with enhanced thermal stability, meeting the growing interconnect demands of next‐generation computing infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145993104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03140-z
Patrick Laermann, Haim Diamant, Yael Roichman, Ivo Buttinoni, Manuel A. Escobedo-Sánchez, Stefan U. Egelhaaf
At the glass transition, a liquid transforms into an amorphous solid. Despite minimal structural rearrangements, this transition is accompanied by a dramatic dynamical slowdown. These features render the transition’s experimental determination and theoretical understanding challenging. Here we introduce a new framework that uses two-particle correlations and a model-free theoretical description to investigate the dynamics of glass-forming colloidal suspensions indirectly. Using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, we relate equilibrium thermal fluctuations of pairs of tracer particles to the underlying response properties of the system. We measure the correlated motion of tracer particles caused by the solvent at short timescales and find three distinct signatures signalling the onset of the glass transition. The correlations in the thermal motions of tracer pairs exhibit a changing decay behaviour with their relative distance; a length scale related to this decay steeply increases; and a notable sign reversal is observed in specific correlations. Our findings establish a connection between the colloidal glass transition and the breaking of the translational symmetry in the dispersion medium, thereby revealing fundamental aspects of the glass transitions.
{"title":"Emergent signatures of the glass transition in colloidal suspensions","authors":"Patrick Laermann, Haim Diamant, Yael Roichman, Ivo Buttinoni, Manuel A. Escobedo-Sánchez, Stefan U. Egelhaaf","doi":"10.1038/s41567-025-03140-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-025-03140-z","url":null,"abstract":"At the glass transition, a liquid transforms into an amorphous solid. Despite minimal structural rearrangements, this transition is accompanied by a dramatic dynamical slowdown. These features render the transition’s experimental determination and theoretical understanding challenging. Here we introduce a new framework that uses two-particle correlations and a model-free theoretical description to investigate the dynamics of glass-forming colloidal suspensions indirectly. Using the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, we relate equilibrium thermal fluctuations of pairs of tracer particles to the underlying response properties of the system. We measure the correlated motion of tracer particles caused by the solvent at short timescales and find three distinct signatures signalling the onset of the glass transition. The correlations in the thermal motions of tracer pairs exhibit a changing decay behaviour with their relative distance; a length scale related to this decay steeply increases; and a notable sign reversal is observed in specific correlations. Our findings establish a connection between the colloidal glass transition and the breaking of the translational symmetry in the dispersion medium, thereby revealing fundamental aspects of the glass transitions.","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"269 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145993493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Physical reservoir computing (RC) systems have emerged as a prominent research frontier due to their exceptional efficiency in temporal information processing. However, existing implementations, predominantly utilizing resistive devices, face challenges pertaining to power efficiency and dynamic richness. Here, we propose a ferroelectric capacitor-linear capacitor (FC-LC) series device for RC implementation. By leveraging nonlinear polarization switching and back-switching, the FC-LC series device realizes two essential reservoir properties: nonlinearity and fading memory. In addition, the device exhibits an ultralow power consumption, which, along with its direct voltage readout capability, marks a significant advance over resistive reservoir devices. Moreover, the device features bidirectional operation and widely tunable time constants, thereby enhancing reservoir space dimensionality and state richness. Building upon these FC-LC series devices, a ferroelectric capacitive RC system is developed, which demonstrates superior performance in various benchmark tasks. By exploiting the bidirectional operation of the device, the RC system not only delivers enhanced performance in waveform classification but also enables highaccuracy multimodal digit recognition. Through strategically hybridizing the FC-LC series devices with varying time constants, the RC system achieves remarkable performance in Mackey-Glass time-series prediction. Our study paves the way for power-efficient, dynamicrich RC systems capable of handling diverse temporal tasks.
{"title":"Ultralow-power reservoir computing based on bidirectionally operable ferroelectric capacitors with tunable time constants.","authors":"Linyuan Mo,Zhen Fan,Jiali Ou,Zhiwei Chen,Haipeng Lin,Wenjie Hu,Wenjie Li,Meixia Li,Boyuan Cui,Hua Fan,Ruiqiang Tao,Guo Tian,Minghui Qin,Xubing Lu,Guofu Zhou,Xingsen Gao,Junming Liu","doi":"10.1088/1361-6633/ae3984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6633/ae3984","url":null,"abstract":"Physical reservoir computing (RC) systems have emerged as a prominent research frontier due to their exceptional efficiency in temporal information processing. However, existing implementations, predominantly utilizing resistive devices, face challenges pertaining to power efficiency and dynamic richness. Here, we propose a ferroelectric capacitor-linear capacitor (FC-LC) series device for RC implementation. By leveraging nonlinear polarization switching and back-switching, the FC-LC series device realizes two essential reservoir properties: nonlinearity and fading memory. In addition, the device exhibits an ultralow power consumption, which, along with its direct voltage readout capability, marks a significant advance over resistive reservoir devices. Moreover, the device features bidirectional operation and widely tunable time constants, thereby enhancing reservoir space dimensionality and state richness. Building upon these FC-LC series devices, a ferroelectric capacitive RC system is developed, which demonstrates superior performance in various benchmark tasks. By exploiting the bidirectional operation of the device, the RC system not only delivers enhanced performance in waveform classification but also enables highaccuracy multimodal digit recognition. Through strategically hybridizing the FC-LC series devices with varying time constants, the RC system achieves remarkable performance in Mackey-Glass time-series prediction. Our study paves the way for power-efficient, dynamicrich RC systems capable of handling diverse temporal tasks.","PeriodicalId":21110,"journal":{"name":"Reports on Progress in Physics","volume":"268 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The photogalvanic effect (PGE) in non-centrosymmetric materials can generate stable currents without external bias, holding significant potential for optoelectronic applications. However, the limited absorption range and weak photoresponse in conventional materials have hindered practical applications. Herein, we investigate the strain-engineered PGE in SnP2X6 (X = S, Se) monolayers, a class of chalcogenophosphate materials featuring strong visible-to-near-infrared absorption and intrinsic anisotropy. First-principles calculations reveal that both uniaxial and biaxial strain significantly modulate the electronic structure and lattice asymmetry, leading to a remarkable enhancement in PGE. Notably, the photocurrent exhibits remarkable anisotropy, with the armchair direction response being ∼40 times and ∼4 times stronger than that along the zigzag direction in SnP2Se6 and SnP2S6 monolayers, respectively. Additionally, a 2% tensile strain along the armchair direction enhances the photocurrent by one order of magnitude compared to the unstrained state. These findings not only reveal the underlying mechanism of strain-tuned PGE but also establish SnP2X6 as a versatile platform for designing polarization-sensitive, broadband, and high-efficiency optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Strain-engineered photogalvanic anisotropy in SnP2X6 (X = S, Se) monolayers for high-performance optoelectronics","authors":"Yunkang Tang, Liang Ma, Xing Xu, Yicheng Wang, Zhiqiang Li, Yipeng Zhao","doi":"10.1063/5.0306331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0306331","url":null,"abstract":"The photogalvanic effect (PGE) in non-centrosymmetric materials can generate stable currents without external bias, holding significant potential for optoelectronic applications. However, the limited absorption range and weak photoresponse in conventional materials have hindered practical applications. Herein, we investigate the strain-engineered PGE in SnP2X6 (X = S, Se) monolayers, a class of chalcogenophosphate materials featuring strong visible-to-near-infrared absorption and intrinsic anisotropy. First-principles calculations reveal that both uniaxial and biaxial strain significantly modulate the electronic structure and lattice asymmetry, leading to a remarkable enhancement in PGE. Notably, the photocurrent exhibits remarkable anisotropy, with the armchair direction response being ∼40 times and ∼4 times stronger than that along the zigzag direction in SnP2Se6 and SnP2S6 monolayers, respectively. Additionally, a 2% tensile strain along the armchair direction enhances the photocurrent by one order of magnitude compared to the unstrained state. These findings not only reveal the underlying mechanism of strain-tuned PGE but also establish SnP2X6 as a versatile platform for designing polarization-sensitive, broadband, and high-efficiency optoelectronic devices.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
[001]-textured 0.4P(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.25PbZrO3-0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-PZT) ceramics were fabricated by templated grain growth using 3 vol. % BaTiO3. Full matrices of dielectric (εij), elastic (sij, cij), and piezoelectric (dij) parameters were obtained by the resonance–antiresonance method. The ceramics exhibit a quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 1490 pC/N and an electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.92, approaching the performance levels of piezoelectric single crystals. Notably, the textured PMN-PZT demonstrates an in-plane negative Poisson's ratio of ν12 = −0.13, representing a strong auxetic behavior that has been experimentally confirmed through direct strain–stress measurement. This distinctive characteristic is further corroborated by both laser scanning vibrometer and finite element analysis. Theoretical interpretation suggests that the negative Poisson's ratio stems primarily from stress-induced polarization rotation along the ⟨110⟩ direction. In [001]-textured ceramics, the transverse direction inherently contains this orientation, typically resulting in a low or negative Poisson's ratio. This abnormal Poisson's ratio property may affect device design approaches for transducers, sensors, and energy harvesting applications.
{"title":"Negative in-plane Poisson's ratio in [001]-textured PMN-PZT ceramics","authors":"Mingyang Tang, Liqing Hu, Guangya Xie, Xin Liu, Yike Wang, Xinran Xu, Zhuo Xu, Yongke Yan","doi":"10.1063/5.0309721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0309721","url":null,"abstract":"[001]-textured 0.4P(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.25PbZrO3-0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-PZT) ceramics were fabricated by templated grain growth using 3 vol. % BaTiO3. Full matrices of dielectric (εij), elastic (sij, cij), and piezoelectric (dij) parameters were obtained by the resonance–antiresonance method. The ceramics exhibit a quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33 of 1490 pC/N and an electromechanical coupling factor k33 of 0.92, approaching the performance levels of piezoelectric single crystals. Notably, the textured PMN-PZT demonstrates an in-plane negative Poisson's ratio of ν12 = −0.13, representing a strong auxetic behavior that has been experimentally confirmed through direct strain–stress measurement. This distinctive characteristic is further corroborated by both laser scanning vibrometer and finite element analysis. Theoretical interpretation suggests that the negative Poisson's ratio stems primarily from stress-induced polarization rotation along the ⟨110⟩ direction. In [001]-textured ceramics, the transverse direction inherently contains this orientation, typically resulting in a low or negative Poisson's ratio. This abnormal Poisson's ratio property may affect device design approaches for transducers, sensors, and energy harvesting applications.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-15DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202557293
Angelos Nersesian, Yasha Kaushal, Marco Martorano, Arjen van der Wel, Po-Feng Wu, Rachel Bezanson, Eric F. Bell, Francesco D’Eugenio, Anna R. Gallazzi, Joel Leja, Stefano Zibetti, Sandro Tacchella
Aims. We analyzed the sizes and star formation histories (SFHs) of 2908 galaxies with M★ ≥ 109 M⊙ at 0.6 < z < 1.0, drawn from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey. The goal is to investigate the connection between galaxy sizes with SFH, stellar age, and metallicity.Methods. The SFHs were derived with Prospector by fitting the high signal-to-noise ratio, high spectral resolution spectroscopy drawn from the LEGA-C DR3 together with the broadband photometry from the UltraVISTA catalog. The galaxy sizes were measured by fitting a 2D Sérsic profile to the HST ACS F814W images.Results. We find diverse SFHs and quenching timescales (τq). The main quiescent population quenched over τq = 1.23 ± 0.04 Gyr, whereas the compact post-starburst galaxies (PSBs) quenched much faster, τq = 0.13 ± 0.03 Gyr. At fixed stellar mass, smaller quiescent galaxies quenched more rapidly than larger ones; at fixed size, the dependence on stellar mass is weak. Larger quiescent galaxies are marginally younger, quenched more slowly, and have near-solar metallicities, while compact quiescent galaxies are older, metal-rich, and quenched faster. PSBs formed half their mass later (zform ∼ 1.9) and quenched on the shortest timescales. The general trends with galaxy size, Z★, and zform for the quiescent populations remain consistent regardless of the method used to derive the stellar properties.Conclusions. We conclude that compact quiescent galaxies are consistent with both early moderately fast quenching and with more rapid late quenching. While this may suggest the existence of multiple quenching channels, our data are also compatible with a continuous distribution of quenching timescales. These findings suggest that different physical mechanisms may drive quenching across galaxy populations, potentially leading to similar morphological outcomes despite the differing evolutionary histories.
{"title":"The LEGA-C galaxy survey: Multiple quenching channels for quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 1","authors":"Angelos Nersesian, Yasha Kaushal, Marco Martorano, Arjen van der Wel, Po-Feng Wu, Rachel Bezanson, Eric F. Bell, Francesco D’Eugenio, Anna R. Gallazzi, Joel Leja, Stefano Zibetti, Sandro Tacchella","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202557293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202557293","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Aims.<i/> We analyzed the sizes and star formation histories (SFHs) of 2908 galaxies with <i>M<i/><sub>★<sub/> ≥ 10<sup>9<sup/> M<sub>⊙<sub/> at 0.6 < <i>z<i/> < 1.0, drawn from the Large Early Galaxy Astrophysics Census (LEGA-C) survey. The goal is to investigate the connection between galaxy sizes with SFH, stellar age, and metallicity.<i>Methods.<i/> The SFHs were derived with Prospector by fitting the high signal-to-noise ratio, high spectral resolution spectroscopy drawn from the LEGA-C DR3 together with the broadband photometry from the UltraVISTA catalog. The galaxy sizes were measured by fitting a 2D Sérsic profile to the <i>HST<i/> ACS F814W images.<i>Results.<i/> We find diverse SFHs and quenching timescales (<i>τ<i/><sub>q<sub/>). The main quiescent population quenched over <i>τ<i/><sub>q<sub/> = 1.23 ± 0.04 Gyr, whereas the compact post-starburst galaxies (PSBs) quenched much faster, <i>τ<i/><sub>q<sub/> = 0.13 ± 0.03 Gyr. At fixed stellar mass, smaller quiescent galaxies quenched more rapidly than larger ones; at fixed size, the dependence on stellar mass is weak. Larger quiescent galaxies are marginally younger, quenched more slowly, and have near-solar metallicities, while compact quiescent galaxies are older, metal-rich, and quenched faster. PSBs formed half their mass later (<i>z<i/><sub>form<sub/> ∼ 1.9) and quenched on the shortest timescales. The general trends with galaxy size, <i>Z<i/><sub>★<sub/>, and <i>z<i/><sub>form<sub/> for the quiescent populations remain consistent regardless of the method used to derive the stellar properties.<i>Conclusions.<i/> We conclude that compact quiescent galaxies are consistent with both early moderately fast quenching and with more rapid late quenching. While this may suggest the existence of multiple quenching channels, our data are also compatible with a continuous distribution of quenching timescales. These findings suggest that different physical mechanisms may drive quenching across galaxy populations, potentially leading to similar morphological outcomes despite the differing evolutionary histories.","PeriodicalId":8571,"journal":{"name":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The high performance of solution-processed perovskite X-ray detectors has significantly enhanced their potential applications in computed tomography (CT) imaging. However, achieving large-area and hundreds of micrometers-thick perovskite films with uniform charge transport performance remains challenging due to limitations in material uniformity and residual strain accumulation. Here we present a novel combination of fast-tableting technique and solvent annealing process to fabricate large-area detectors with improved material homogeneity and reduced intrinsic strain. Optimized perovskite detectors achieve a record-low noise equivalent dose (NED) of 45 pGy and a high detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of 80%, enabling low-dose, high-contrast imaging with excellent single-photon sensitivity across a broad energy range. This work highlights the critical role of released intrinsic strain in constructing high-quality and large-area perovskite wafers, capable of seamlessly stitching images across an area of 2.4 × 7.2 cm2 for CT imaging. These advancements underscore the potential for high-resolution and large-area CT imaging applications.
{"title":"Strain-Releasing in Tableted Perovskite Wafer for Large-Area Computed Tomography Imaging","authors":"Mingbian Li, Yuhong He, Jinmei Song, Weijun Li, Haotong Wei","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202503271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202503271","url":null,"abstract":"The high performance of solution-processed perovskite X-ray detectors has significantly enhanced their potential applications in computed tomography (CT) imaging. However, achieving large-area and hundreds of micrometers-thick perovskite films with uniform charge transport performance remains challenging due to limitations in material uniformity and residual strain accumulation. Here we present a novel combination of fast-tableting technique and solvent annealing process to fabricate large-area detectors with improved material homogeneity and reduced intrinsic strain. Optimized perovskite detectors achieve a record-low noise equivalent dose (NED) of 45 pGy and a high detective quantum efficiency (DQE) of 80%, enabling low-dose, high-contrast imaging with excellent single-photon sensitivity across a broad energy range. This work highlights the critical role of released intrinsic strain in constructing high-quality and large-area perovskite wafers, capable of seamlessly stitching images across an area of 2.4 × 7.2 cm<sup>2</sup> for CT imaging. These advancements underscore the potential for high-resolution and large-area CT imaging applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"267 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145972400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang Liu, Weiyi Zhang, Haoran Zhang, Qi Lan, Jianlong Yang
We present a coaxial fiber probe that integrates optical coherence tomography ranging and fiber Bragg grating force sensing within a single-mode fiber, enabling synchronized distance-force feedback for minimally invasive interventions. A short no-core and graded-index fiber segment forms a weakly focused beam, extending the depth of focus while maintaining the probe's miniature and intrinsically aligned design. Proof-of-concept experiments first demonstrate endoscopic palpation, where the probe distinguishes stiff inclusions from surrounding tissue, and then subretinal injection, where contact and puncture are simultaneously detected as changes in distance and force. This compact coaxial architecture provides a scalable platform for integrated optical sensing in robotic microsurgery and other precision manipulation tasks.
{"title":"Simultaneous ranging and force sensing on a single-mode fiber for minimally invasive interventions.","authors":"Chang Liu, Weiyi Zhang, Haoran Zhang, Qi Lan, Jianlong Yang","doi":"10.1364/OL.583811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.583811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a coaxial fiber probe that integrates optical coherence tomography ranging and fiber Bragg grating force sensing within a single-mode fiber, enabling synchronized distance-force feedback for minimally invasive interventions. A short no-core and graded-index fiber segment forms a weakly focused beam, extending the depth of focus while maintaining the probe's miniature and intrinsically aligned design. Proof-of-concept experiments first demonstrate endoscopic palpation, where the probe distinguishes stiff inclusions from surrounding tissue, and then subretinal injection, where contact and puncture are simultaneously detected as changes in distance and force. This compact coaxial architecture provides a scalable platform for integrated optical sensing in robotic microsurgery and other precision manipulation tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 2","pages":"293-296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145984826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zijing Zhang, Man Tao, Yujie Wu, Zan Zhang, Zihan Liu, Zhuoyue Sun, Weiting Wang, Yixian Qian, Weiyi Hong, Dongmei Deng
Achieving multidimensional modulation and analysis of breathers in a local nonlinear medium is a highly significant research area. We present what we believe is the first investigation of space-time odd-symmetric Butterfly (STOSB) wave packets in a local nonlinear medium, focusing on their odd-symmetric focus and focal length control. Meanwhile, a completely new modulation method for breathers is proposed that can alter the intensity distribution of breathers in the X-Y plane while leaving the intensity distribution in the X-T and Y-T planes unchanged. Furthermore, both the unique self-healing capability of breathers in STOSB wave packets when obstructed by barriers and the variation trend of the waist diameter are discussed. Our work develops spatiotemporal wave packets with multidimensional modulation and self-healing functions and advances the basic research on breathers in fields such as optical communication.
{"title":"Space-time odd-symmetric Butterfly wave packets with multidimensional modulation properties.","authors":"Zijing Zhang, Man Tao, Yujie Wu, Zan Zhang, Zihan Liu, Zhuoyue Sun, Weiting Wang, Yixian Qian, Weiyi Hong, Dongmei Deng","doi":"10.1364/OL.579890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.579890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achieving multidimensional modulation and analysis of breathers in a local nonlinear medium is a highly significant research area. We present what we believe is the first investigation of space-time odd-symmetric Butterfly (STOSB) wave packets in a local nonlinear medium, focusing on their odd-symmetric focus and focal length control. Meanwhile, a completely new modulation method for breathers is proposed that can alter the intensity distribution of breathers in the <i>X</i>-<i>Y</i> plane while leaving the intensity distribution in the <i>X</i>-<i>T</i> and <i>Y</i>-<i>T</i> planes unchanged. Furthermore, both the unique self-healing capability of breathers in STOSB wave packets when obstructed by barriers and the variation trend of the waist diameter are discussed. Our work develops spatiotemporal wave packets with multidimensional modulation and self-healing functions and advances the basic research on breathers in fields such as optical communication.</p>","PeriodicalId":19540,"journal":{"name":"Optics letters","volume":"51 2","pages":"353-356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145985168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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