Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.176073
Azza Al-Tai, A. Mohammed
The current study succeeded in producing the lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ) plant from somatic embryos induced by the leaves callus of its seedlings, The results of soaking its dormant seeds in a solution of gibberellic acid at concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0) gm l -1 for 24 hours showed the superiority of the concentration 0.5 g L -1 in stimulation the germination rate that reached 75% after 6 days comparing with other treatments and control that had 20% germination after 13 days. This study was able to initiated callus from seedling leaves when were placed on MS solid medium supplemented with by added 3.0 mg L -1 NAA and 10 mg L -1 BA after 20 days, Initiated callus was characterized by its yellowish-green color and friable texture, and when its masses were removed and placed on the same media, it produced well-growth cultures that were perpetuated every 15 days. After the second sub-culturing, the first stages of somatic embryos appeared, the spherical stage, which later developed into the heart,then torpedo and cotyledon stages and produced when placed individually on MSO medium, Intact lavender plants after 30 days were characterized by their good growth and density of leaves.
当前的研究成功地生产了薰衣草(薰衣草花angustifolia)从体细胞胚胎诱导植物幼苗的叶片愈伤组织,结果其休眠种子浸泡在赤霉酸的溶液浓度(0,0.1,0.25,0.5,1.0)gm l 1 24小时显示的优越性浓度0.5 g l 1刺激萌发率达到75%后6天比较与其他治疗和控制了20%发芽后13天。本研究将幼苗叶片置于添加3.0 mg L -1 NAA和10 mg L -1 BA的MS固体培养基上，培养20天后即可形成愈伤组织，愈伤组织呈黄绿色，质地易碎，将其块状去除，置于同一培养基上，每15天培养一次。第二次继代培养后，在MSO培养基上分别培养出第一期体细胞胚、球形胚、心胚、鱼雷胚和子叶胚。培养30 d后，完整植株生长良好，叶片密度高。
{"title":"Production of Lavender (Lavandula Angustifolia) Plants from Somatic Embryos Developed from its Seedlings Leaf Callus","authors":"Azza Al-Tai, A. Mohammed","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.176073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.176073","url":null,"abstract":"The current study succeeded in producing the lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ) plant from somatic embryos induced by the leaves callus of its seedlings, The results of soaking its dormant seeds in a solution of gibberellic acid at concentrations (0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0) gm l -1 for 24 hours showed the superiority of the concentration 0.5 g L -1 in stimulation the germination rate that reached 75% after 6 days comparing with other treatments and control that had 20% germination after 13 days. This study was able to initiated callus from seedling leaves when were placed on MS solid medium supplemented with by added 3.0 mg L -1 NAA and 10 mg L -1 BA after 20 days, Initiated callus was characterized by its yellowish-green color and friable texture, and when its masses were removed and placed on the same media, it produced well-growth cultures that were perpetuated every 15 days. After the second sub-culturing, the first stages of somatic embryos appeared, the spherical stage, which later developed into the heart,then torpedo and cotyledon stages and produced when placed individually on MSO medium, Intact lavender plants after 30 days were characterized by their good growth and density of leaves.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75322185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175392
L. A. Al Taan, Mohammed Salim Mohammed Wared Ado
This paper presents a design of a low profile inset feed microstrip rectangular antenna working at 2.4 GHz to support application in industrial, scientific, and medical sectors. The design of the antenna is achieved by using three different substrates with dielectric constants of 2.2, 3.6, and 4.3, each with variable substrate thicknesses of 0.6, 1.5, 1.9mm in order to know the effect of substrate properties on the antenna performance such as gain, efficiency, return loss, and frequency bandwidth. The dimensions and performances of the designed antenna are optimized by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software hence a comparison has been performed among previous the antenna performances. The practical results for the antenna with the substrate of (dielectric constant of 4.3) and (thickness of 1.5mm) show that the return loss is (-33) dB which close to the simulation value, but there is a small difference (about ~30MHz) in the Impedance bandwidth. However, all other results were close. loss being decreased. Also, the results for directivity and efficiency were very close. The practical results show that the return loss (-33) dB is close to the simulation value, but there is a small difference (about ~30MHz) in the Impedance bandwidth. However, all other results were close.
{"title":"Effect of Three Different Dielectric Substrates on the Performance of Rectangular Microstrip Antenna Designed for 2.4 GHz using CST","authors":"L. A. Al Taan, Mohammed Salim Mohammed Wared Ado","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175392","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design of a low profile inset feed microstrip rectangular antenna working at 2.4 GHz to support application in industrial, scientific, and medical sectors. The design of the antenna is achieved by using three different substrates with dielectric constants of 2.2, 3.6, and 4.3, each with variable substrate thicknesses of 0.6, 1.5, 1.9mm in order to know the effect of substrate properties on the antenna performance such as gain, efficiency, return loss, and frequency bandwidth. The dimensions and performances of the designed antenna are optimized by using Computer Simulation Technology (CST) software hence a comparison has been performed among previous the antenna performances. The practical results for the antenna with the substrate of (dielectric constant of 4.3) and (thickness of 1.5mm) show that the return loss is (-33) dB which close to the simulation value, but there is a small difference (about ~30MHz) in the Impedance bandwidth. However, all other results were close. loss being decreased. Also, the results for directivity and efficiency were very close. The practical results show that the return loss (-33) dB is close to the simulation value, but there is a small difference (about ~30MHz) in the Impedance bandwidth. However, all other results were close.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81895537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175396
Imad Al-Ibrahimi
The study of solar flares (SF) is significant for a more understanding of the nature and dynamics of the sun as well as its impact on space weather. This paper will present a new idea by studying the monthly activity of SFs by collecting data for SFs, the flare index (FI), and the sunspots number (SSN) for the period from 1986 to 2019, which represents three solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. Extracting the monthly averages of the data shows us that the southern solar hemisphere is more active for solar flares than the northern solar hemisphere. Also, the second half of the year is more active than the first half of the three solar cycles. The most active months are March, (July or October) and November, while February was the least active. In addition, the evidence of the cross-correlation results in a strong positive relationship between the three variables. This study serves to forecast the state of the space weather during the months of the year.
{"title":"Statistical Analysis of the Monthly Activity of the Solar Flare","authors":"Imad Al-Ibrahimi","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175396","url":null,"abstract":"The study of solar flares (SF) is significant for a more understanding of the nature and dynamics of the sun as well as its impact on space weather. This paper will present a new idea by studying the monthly activity of SFs by collecting data for SFs, the flare index (FI), and the sunspots number (SSN) for the period from 1986 to 2019, which represents three solar cycles 22, 23 and 24. Extracting the monthly averages of the data shows us that the southern solar hemisphere is more active for solar flares than the northern solar hemisphere. Also, the second half of the year is more active than the first half of the three solar cycles. The most active months are March, (July or October) and November, while February was the least active. In addition, the evidence of the cross-correlation results in a strong positive relationship between the three variables. This study serves to forecast the state of the space weather during the months of the year.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87428757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175388
Maysaa Al-Mala Khder, moayed noori
In this work, the 1,2,4-triazole ring was prepared by introducing the starting material ortho-carboxybenzaldehyde (1) in the usual esterification reaction, in ethanol as a solvent and in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give ethyl-2-formylbenzoate (2), then introducing the resulting ester in a condensation reaction with thiosemberazide in the presence of ethanol as a solvent to afforded 2-(2-formylbenzoyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (3), which on cyclisation using a solution of sodium hydroxide to obtain the 1,2,4-triazole compound (4), which on treatment with different primary aromatic amines to obtain Schiff bases (5a-e) the prepared Schiff bases were introduced into a reaction with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine as an auxiliary base for the reaction to prepare the tetracyclic azitidinone compounds (beta-lactams) (6a-e) along with the triazole ring in the same compound. Finally, these prepared compounds were characterized by physical and spectroscopic measurements such as melting point, thin layer chromatography (m.p., TLC) infrared spectroscopic measurements FT-IR, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some compounds 1 H-NMR .
{"title":"Synthesis of some New Derivatives of Triazole using Ortho-Carboxybenzaldehyde as a Synthone","authors":"Maysaa Al-Mala Khder, moayed noori","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175388","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the 1,2,4-triazole ring was prepared by introducing the starting material ortho-carboxybenzaldehyde (1) in the usual esterification reaction, in ethanol as a solvent and in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to give ethyl-2-formylbenzoate (2), then introducing the resulting ester in a condensation reaction with thiosemberazide in the presence of ethanol as a solvent to afforded 2-(2-formylbenzoyl)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (3), which on cyclisation using a solution of sodium hydroxide to obtain the 1,2,4-triazole compound (4), which on treatment with different primary aromatic amines to obtain Schiff bases (5a-e) the prepared Schiff bases were introduced into a reaction with chloroacetyl chloride in the presence of triethylamine as an auxiliary base for the reaction to prepare the tetracyclic azitidinone compounds (beta-lactams) (6a-e) along with the triazole ring in the same compound. Finally, these prepared compounds were characterized by physical and spectroscopic measurements such as melting point, thin layer chromatography (m.p., TLC) infrared spectroscopic measurements FT-IR, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of some compounds 1 H-NMR .","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76762825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175386
N. Abdulla, Hero M. Ismael
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a fungal infection caused by Candida spp. of the genital mucosa that is still a health concern for women. This is a first-of-its-kind investigation on the isolation of Candida dubliniensis , from cervical-vulvovaginal patients in Erbil hospitals. The study was carried out for isolation and identification which performed by using phenotypic and molecular approaches. A total of one hundred samples of vaginal swabs (Copan transport swabs dry (in a cover)), were taken from patients with cervical vulvovaginal candidiasis in order to test for the presence of Candida species. According to macroscopic and microscopic examination, Candida spp. was discovered in 60 of the 100 samples (60%). On CHROM agar medium, eleven non-duplicated C. dubliniensis were identified depending on color of colony (dark green colonies-blue colony). Then the species were confirmed using API 20C assay. Finally, a multiplex PCR technique was performed depending on two types of primers, which are universal and specific for identifying C. dubliniensis and the results of the CHROM agar and API 20C assays were identical with molecular method.
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Candida dubliniensis in Patient with Cervical-Vulvovaginal Candidiasis in Erbil City","authors":"N. Abdulla, Hero M. Ismael","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175386","url":null,"abstract":"Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is a fungal infection caused by Candida spp. of the genital mucosa that is still a health concern for women. This is a first-of-its-kind investigation on the isolation of Candida dubliniensis , from cervical-vulvovaginal patients in Erbil hospitals. The study was carried out for isolation and identification which performed by using phenotypic and molecular approaches. A total of one hundred samples of vaginal swabs (Copan transport swabs dry (in a cover)), were taken from patients with cervical vulvovaginal candidiasis in order to test for the presence of Candida species. According to macroscopic and microscopic examination, Candida spp. was discovered in 60 of the 100 samples (60%). On CHROM agar medium, eleven non-duplicated C. dubliniensis were identified depending on color of colony (dark green colonies-blue colony). Then the species were confirmed using API 20C assay. Finally, a multiplex PCR technique was performed depending on two types of primers, which are universal and specific for identifying C. dubliniensis and the results of the CHROM agar and API 20C assays were identical with molecular method.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85193019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175395
Salim J. Mohammed, A. Al-hadedi, Salih A. Abood
Gerhardt Dumac discovered in 1932 that Prontosyl kills bacteria while testing dyes, and in 1934, he began using Prontosyl as a treatment. This was in Germany, and experiments in France showed that the effect of Prontosyl is due to the presence of sulfanilamide in it. In 1908, Gelmo was the first to attend a sulfa drug conference in Germany. Sulfanilamide's medicinal usefulness was endorsed in 1936 by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in the United States, including Long and Plus, Marshall, and others. Sulfa drugs are used to treat a range of diseases caused by bacteria, with which it has been possible to save countless lives. It is believed that the effect of sulfa is to stop the growth of bacteria, meaning that these drugs prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria, which creates an opportunity for the body's defensive forces to eliminate them. Humans are currently treated with sulfonamides for specific disorders, such as urinary system infections. However, sulfonamides are more typically seen in veterinary medicine. Therefore we attempted to explain the role and importance of sulfa drugs in our lives because of their widespread use in medical therapy.
1932年，格哈特·杜马克(Gerhardt Dumac)在对染料进行测试时发现，原苯醚可以杀死细菌。1934年，他开始使用原苯醚作为一种治疗方法。这是在德国进行的，法国的实验表明，Prontosyl的效果是由于其中含有磺胺。1908年，Gelmo是第一个参加在德国举行的磺胺药物会议的人。磺胺的药用价值在1936年得到了美国约翰霍普金斯大学的研究人员的认可，其中包括Long and Plus、Marshall等人。磺胺类药物用于治疗一系列由细菌引起的疾病，有了这些药物，就有可能挽救无数人的生命。据信，磺胺的作用是阻止细菌的生长，这意味着这些药物阻止细菌的生长和繁殖，这为身体的防御力量创造了一个消灭它们的机会。人类目前用磺胺类药物治疗特定疾病，如泌尿系统感染。然而，磺胺类药物在兽医中更为常见。因此，我们试图解释磺胺类药物在我们生活中的作用和重要性，因为它们在医学治疗中的广泛应用。
{"title":"The Role of Sulfa Drugs in our Life","authors":"Salim J. Mohammed, A. Al-hadedi, Salih A. Abood","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175395","url":null,"abstract":"Gerhardt Dumac discovered in 1932 that Prontosyl kills bacteria while testing dyes, and in 1934, he began using Prontosyl as a treatment. This was in Germany, and experiments in France showed that the effect of Prontosyl is due to the presence of sulfanilamide in it. In 1908, Gelmo was the first to attend a sulfa drug conference in Germany. Sulfanilamide's medicinal usefulness was endorsed in 1936 by researchers at Johns Hopkins University in the United States, including Long and Plus, Marshall, and others. Sulfa drugs are used to treat a range of diseases caused by bacteria, with which it has been possible to save countless lives. It is believed that the effect of sulfa is to stop the growth of bacteria, meaning that these drugs prevent the growth and reproduction of bacteria, which creates an opportunity for the body's defensive forces to eliminate them. Humans are currently treated with sulfonamides for specific disorders, such as urinary system infections. However, sulfonamides are more typically seen in veterinary medicine. Therefore we attempted to explain the role and importance of sulfa drugs in our lives because of their widespread use in medical therapy.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74928916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175390
Ruwaida Al-Berwari, Muhammed Hameed Alsheikhjader
In this research a new design of the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with the current mirror was employed by the technique (65nm). The TIA consists of a common gate transistor amplifier (CG TIA) and a common source amplifier as an input stage with local active feedback with a second stage of a current mirror and local active feedback to increase gain. In order to verify the performance of the proposed TIA, a circuit simulation was carried out in the LT spice program using coefficients with the technique (65nm CMOS). The simulation results indicate that the interfacial impedance gain is (41 dBΩ) at a bandwidth frequency of (2.0 GHz-3dB) for an input capacitor of (100 fF) and an input referred noise current spectral density of (14 pA/√Hz) and a power consumption value of (0.091 mw) at an applied voltage (1V). The main focus of this research is low consumption of power and voltage compared to another research.
{"title":"A Simulated Study of 65 nm CMOS 2GHz Front-End Preamplifier Circuit for Optical Fiber Applications","authors":"Ruwaida Al-Berwari, Muhammed Hameed Alsheikhjader","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175390","url":null,"abstract":"In this research a new design of the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) with the current mirror was employed by the technique (65nm). The TIA consists of a common gate transistor amplifier (CG TIA) and a common source amplifier as an input stage with local active feedback with a second stage of a current mirror and local active feedback to increase gain. In order to verify the performance of the proposed TIA, a circuit simulation was carried out in the LT spice program using coefficients with the technique (65nm CMOS). The simulation results indicate that the interfacial impedance gain is (41 dBΩ) at a bandwidth frequency of (2.0 GHz-3dB) for an input capacitor of (100 fF) and an input referred noise current spectral density of (14 pA/√Hz) and a power consumption value of (0.091 mw) at an applied voltage (1V). The main focus of this research is low consumption of power and voltage compared to another research.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82486060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175398
Roaa A. Thamer, A. AL-Rawi
The current study aimed to detect S.pneumoniae , which is one of the gram-positive bacteria that gives partial α-hemolysis on blood agar media, as well as has the ability to complete blood hemolysis (beta)-hemolysis under anaerobic conditions. Fifty sputum specimens were collected from patients in Ibn sena and Al Salam hospitals in Mosul/ Iraq from august 2021 to March 2022. Five isolates were diagnosed as S.pneumoniae which exhibited an ability to produce hemolysin when phenotypically investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect hlys gene Electrophoresis results showed four bands (80% of isolates) with a molecular size of 296 bp the PCR product were then sequenced.
{"title":"Phenotypic and Molecular Investigation of Streptococcus pneumoniae Hemolysin","authors":"Roaa A. Thamer, A. AL-Rawi","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175398","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175398","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to detect S.pneumoniae , which is one of the gram-positive bacteria that gives partial α-hemolysis on blood agar media, as well as has the ability to complete blood hemolysis (beta)-hemolysis under anaerobic conditions. Fifty sputum specimens were collected from patients in Ibn sena and Al Salam hospitals in Mosul/ Iraq from august 2021 to March 2022. Five isolates were diagnosed as S.pneumoniae which exhibited an ability to produce hemolysin when phenotypically investigated. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to detect hlys gene Electrophoresis results showed four bands (80% of isolates) with a molecular size of 296 bp the PCR product were then sequenced.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72715799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175399
Ghada S. Mahdi, R. Yahya
The results of this study gived a scientific view about the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) in the seeds germination and seedlings growth of soybean ( Glycine max L.) when placed on the surface of solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100µg/ml) of those nanoparticles as stimulating factors. The results showed that the concentration of 40 μg/ml was superior to the percentage of germination of the growth seeds after 7 days which was 100 % at compared to the MS medium alone (control) which gave a percentage of germination of 75% after 15 days and also encouraged the same concentration to obtain the best length of the stems and roots groups at 10, 12 cm respectively, compared to the average lengths of seedlings growing on the control medium, with average lengths of 6 and 8.5 cm for stems and roots respectively. Also, this stimulation of zinc oxide nanoparticles was reflected on the growth and division parameters of cells through the protein content and DNA and RNA content of seedling cells, which increased with the presence of these nanoparticles, especially at a concentration of 40 μg /ml, as the protein content of cells reached 1.92 μg gm and with DNA, RNA contents 12.45 and 99.43 μg /gm respectively, compared to their ratios in seedling cells growing on MS medium.
{"title":"Efficiency of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Stimulating Germination and Seedling Growth of Soybean Plant Glycine max L. and its Protein Content","authors":"Ghada S. Mahdi, R. Yahya","doi":"10.33899/rjs.2022.175399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33899/rjs.2022.175399","url":null,"abstract":"The results of this study gived a scientific view about the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO) in the seeds germination and seedlings growth of soybean ( Glycine max L.) when placed on the surface of solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with concentrations (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100µg/ml) of those nanoparticles as stimulating factors. The results showed that the concentration of 40 μg/ml was superior to the percentage of germination of the growth seeds after 7 days which was 100 % at compared to the MS medium alone (control) which gave a percentage of germination of 75% after 15 days and also encouraged the same concentration to obtain the best length of the stems and roots groups at 10, 12 cm respectively, compared to the average lengths of seedlings growing on the control medium, with average lengths of 6 and 8.5 cm for stems and roots respectively. Also, this stimulation of zinc oxide nanoparticles was reflected on the growth and division parameters of cells through the protein content and DNA and RNA content of seedling cells, which increased with the presence of these nanoparticles, especially at a concentration of 40 μg /ml, as the protein content of cells reached 1.92 μg gm and with DNA, RNA contents 12.45 and 99.43 μg /gm respectively, compared to their ratios in seedling cells growing on MS medium.","PeriodicalId":20803,"journal":{"name":"Rafidain journal of science","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85754769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.33899/rjs.2022.175412
Taha Mahmoud, M. Hammoud
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