Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1134/S0021364024603531
O. A. Gogina, Yu. V. Petrov, O. F. Vyvenko, S. Kovalchuk, K. Bolotin
Hexagonal boron nitride is distinguished among solid-state materials with luminescent properties as a material to create single-photon sources efficiently emitting at room temperature. In this work, it is demonstrated that helium ion irradiation with fluences of (1–5) × 1014 ion/cm2 increases the ultraviolet radiation intensity with a maximum at a wavelength of 320 nm due to the formation of new luminescent centers. The subsequent electron irradiation further increases the intensity of 320 nm luminescence apparently due to the formation of carbon-containing defects in the volume of hBN through recombination-enhanced migration. On the contrary, the intense helium ion irradiation stimulates the formation of nonradiative recombination centers, which reduce the lifetime of nonequilibrium charge carriers.
{"title":"Ultraviolet Cathodoluminescence of Ion-Induced Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride","authors":"O. A. Gogina, Yu. V. Petrov, O. F. Vyvenko, S. Kovalchuk, K. Bolotin","doi":"10.1134/S0021364024603531","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0021364024603531","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hexagonal boron nitride is distinguished among solid-state materials with luminescent properties as a material to create single-photon sources efficiently emitting at room temperature. In this work, it is demonstrated that helium ion irradiation with fluences of (1–5) × 10<sup>14</sup> ion/cm<sup>2</sup> increases the ultraviolet radiation intensity with a maximum at a wavelength of 320 nm due to the formation of new luminescent centers. The subsequent electron irradiation further increases the intensity of 320 nm luminescence apparently due to the formation of carbon-containing defects in the volume of <i>h</i>BN through recombination-enhanced migration. On the contrary, the intense helium ion irradiation stimulates the formation of nonradiative recombination centers, which reduce the lifetime of nonequilibrium charge carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":604,"journal":{"name":"JETP Letters","volume":"121 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S0021364024603531.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1134/S0021364024604214
R. B. Zaripov, V. F. Tarasov, V. A. Ulanov
Unusual resonance lines have been observed for a dimer associate of impurity 63Cu2+ ions in a BaF2 single crystal in continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectra recorded using a dielectric resonator. The phase of these lines is orthogonal to the phase of magnetic field modulation. The appearance of such lines is attributed to the features of the spin dynamics of high-spin electron systems resonantly interacting with a microwave electromagnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment of the spin system is transformed into the electric quadrupole moment under the sufficiently intense resonant excitation of magnetic dipole transitions. In this case, the interaction of the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole oscillators occurs in the spin system. The simultaneous excitation of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole resonant transitions in the dielectric resonator of a spectrometer leads to the appearance of phase-shifted resonance lines.
{"title":"Magneto-Electric Spin Resonance of 63Cu2+ Dimer Associates in a BaF2 Single Crystal","authors":"R. B. Zaripov, V. F. Tarasov, V. A. Ulanov","doi":"10.1134/S0021364024604214","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0021364024604214","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Unusual resonance lines have been observed for a dimer associate of impurity <sup>63</sup>Cu<sup>2+</sup> ions in a BaF<sub>2</sub> single crystal in continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance spectra recorded using a dielectric resonator. The phase of these lines is orthogonal to the phase of magnetic field modulation. The appearance of such lines is attributed to the features of the spin dynamics of high-spin electron systems resonantly interacting with a microwave electromagnetic field. The magnetic dipole moment of the spin system is transformed into the electric quadrupole moment under the sufficiently intense resonant excitation of magnetic dipole transitions. In this case, the interaction of the magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole oscillators occurs in the spin system. The simultaneous excitation of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole resonant transitions in the dielectric resonator of a spectrometer leads to the appearance of phase-shifted resonance lines.</p>","PeriodicalId":604,"journal":{"name":"JETP Letters","volume":"121 1","pages":"47 - 52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1007/s10948-025-06932-9
S. J. C. Masuku, J. Z. Msomi, T. S. Mahule, V. V. Srinivasu
The glycol-thermal technique synthesized Zn0.7Ni0.3RE0.1Fe1.9O4 (RE = 0, Gd, Sm, Dy) nanostructured ferrites with fine particles in the 8–13 nm range. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed a single-phase cubic spinel structure with no impurity peaks for the samples investigated. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HrTEM) showed nearly spherical particle images for the pure Zn0.7Ni0.3Fe2O4. HrTEM images for Zn0.7Ni0.3RE0.1Fe1.9O4 (RE = Gd, Sm, or Dy) rare-earth-substituted fine particles revealed agglomerated particles with irregular shapes. Reduced particle sizes of rare-earth-substituted Zn-Ni compared to undoped compounds have been explained based on electron–electron repulsion of 4f electrons. Electron spin dynamics were investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. A broad ESR signal with the highest intensity has been observed for the Sm-doped compound (Zn0.7Ni0.3Sm0.1Fe1.9O4) with a particle size of about 8 nm. Broadening of the signal revealed stronger magnetic dipole interactions and narrower signals for Gd- and Dy-doped compounds indicate stronger superexchange interactions. The slightest ESR signal observed for the Gd-based (Zn0.7Ni0.3Gd0.1Fe1.9O4) compound has been attributed to high spin–orbit coupling and the paramagnetic nature of Gd ions disrupting magnetic resonance. The evolution of the magnetic parameters, such as signal line width, intensities, and g-factors, as a function of the type of rare-earth ions, has been presented and correlated with the outer 4f electron number of rare-earth ions and particle size. Rare-earth-doped Zn0.7Ni0.3RE0.1Fe1.9O4 (RE = Gd, Sm, Dy) nanostructured ferrites exhibit enhanced magnetic and structural properties, critical for advanced applications such as magnetic separation and biomedical imaging. This study demonstrates the influence of rare-earth doping on ESR parameters, particle size, and magnetization, providing insights into the role of 4f electron configurations.
{"title":"Synthesis and Electron Spin Resonance Study of Zn0.7Ni0.3RE0.1Fe1.9O4 (RE = Gd, Sm, Dy) Nanostructured Ferrites","authors":"S. J. C. Masuku, J. Z. Msomi, T. S. Mahule, V. V. Srinivasu","doi":"10.1007/s10948-025-06932-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-025-06932-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The glycol-thermal technique synthesized Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>RE<sub>0.1</sub>Fe<sub>1.9</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (RE = 0, Gd, Sm, Dy) nanostructured ferrites with fine particles in the 8–13 nm range. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data confirmed a single-phase cubic spinel structure with no impurity peaks for the samples investigated. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HrTEM) showed nearly spherical particle images for the pure Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. HrTEM images for Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>RE<sub>0.1</sub>Fe<sub>1.9</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (RE = Gd, Sm, or Dy) rare-earth-substituted fine particles revealed agglomerated particles with irregular shapes. Reduced particle sizes of rare-earth-substituted Zn-Ni compared to undoped compounds have been explained based on electron–electron repulsion of 4f electrons. Electron spin dynamics were investigated by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. A broad ESR signal with the highest intensity has been observed for the Sm-doped compound (Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Sm<sub>0.1</sub>Fe<sub>1.9</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) with a particle size of about 8 nm. Broadening of the signal revealed stronger magnetic dipole interactions and narrower signals for Gd- and Dy-doped compounds indicate stronger superexchange interactions. The slightest ESR signal observed for the Gd-based (Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Gd<sub>0.1</sub>Fe<sub>1.9</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) compound has been attributed to high spin–orbit coupling and the paramagnetic nature of Gd ions disrupting magnetic resonance. The evolution of the magnetic parameters, such as signal line width, intensities, and <i>g</i>-factors, as a function of the type of rare-earth ions, has been presented and correlated with the outer 4f electron number of rare-earth ions and particle size. Rare-earth-doped Zn<sub>0.7</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>RE<sub>0.1</sub>Fe<sub>1.9</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (RE = Gd, Sm, Dy) nanostructured ferrites exhibit enhanced magnetic and structural properties, critical for advanced applications such as magnetic separation and biomedical imaging. This study demonstrates the influence of rare-earth doping on ESR parameters, particle size, and magnetization, providing insights into the role of 4f electron configurations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"38 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10948-025-06932-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/adb08c
Ulrich K Beckering Vinckers, Álvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz and Anupam Mazumdar
In the context of ghost-free infinite derivative gravity, we consider the single graviton exchange between two spinless particles, a spinless particle and a photon, or between a spinless particle and a spin-1/2 particle. To this end, we compute the gravitational potential for the three aforementioned cases and derive the correction that arises at the linearised level. In the local theory, it is well-known that such a correction appears in the form of a Dirac delta function. Here, we show that this correction is smeared out for the nonlocal theory and, in contrast to the local theory, takes on non-zero values for a non-zero separation between the two particles. In the case of the single graviton exchange between a spinless particle and a spin-1/2 particle, we also compute the correction that arises in the non-static case within the non-relativistic approximation and show that it is finite in the nonlocal theory.
{"title":"Smearing out contact terms in ghost-free infinite derivative quantum gravity","authors":"Ulrich K Beckering Vinckers, Álvaro de la Cruz-Dombriz and Anupam Mazumdar","doi":"10.1088/1361-6382/adb08c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6382/adb08c","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of ghost-free infinite derivative gravity, we consider the single graviton exchange between two spinless particles, a spinless particle and a photon, or between a spinless particle and a spin-1/2 particle. To this end, we compute the gravitational potential for the three aforementioned cases and derive the correction that arises at the linearised level. In the local theory, it is well-known that such a correction appears in the form of a Dirac delta function. Here, we show that this correction is smeared out for the nonlocal theory and, in contrast to the local theory, takes on non-zero values for a non-zero separation between the two particles. In the case of the single graviton exchange between a spinless particle and a spin-1/2 particle, we also compute the correction that arises in the non-static case within the non-relativistic approximation and show that it is finite in the nonlocal theory.","PeriodicalId":10282,"journal":{"name":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1007/s10773-025-05922-w
Feyzollah Younesizadeh, Davoud Kamani
We investigate the inflation for the quartic hilltop model via a certain type of modified gravity. Precisely, we analyze the (F(phi ) T) term in the Einstein’s gravity to examine the quartic hilltop inflation model. T is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, and (phi ) is the inflaton field. Next, we calculate the inflation dynamics for the foregoing model and obtain the slow-roll parameters, i.e., the scalar spectral index “(n_s)” and the tensor-to-scale ratio “r”, which these parameters exhibit high sensitivity to the (F(phi ) T) term. This modified form of the gravity is not only in accordance with the predictions of the original model but also allows for better prediction of the Planck/BICEP/Keck data.
{"title":"The Inflationary Quartic Hilltop Model in a Modified Gravity and Its Comparison with the Observations","authors":"Feyzollah Younesizadeh, Davoud Kamani","doi":"10.1007/s10773-025-05922-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10773-025-05922-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We investigate the inflation for the quartic hilltop model via a certain type of modified gravity. Precisely, we analyze the <span>(F(phi ) T)</span> term in the Einstein’s gravity to examine the quartic hilltop inflation model. <i>T</i> is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor, and <span>(phi )</span> is the inflaton field. Next, we calculate the inflation dynamics for the foregoing model and obtain the slow-roll parameters, i.e., the scalar spectral index “<span>(n_s)</span>” and the tensor-to-scale ratio “<i>r</i>”, which these parameters exhibit high sensitivity to the <span>(F(phi ) T)</span> term. This modified form of the gravity is not only in accordance with the predictions of the original model but also allows for better prediction of the Planck/BICEP/Keck data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":597,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","volume":"64 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143455686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.078202
Berend van der Meer, Taiki Yanagishima, Roel P. A. Dullens
How frictional effects emerge at the microscopic level in particulate materials remains a challenging question, particularly in systems subject to thermal fluctuations due to the transient nature of interparticle contacts. Here, we directly relate particle-level frictional arrest to local coordination in an attractive colloidal model system. We reveal that the orientational dynamics of particles slows down exponentially with increasing coordination number due to the emergence of frictional interactions, the strength of which can be tuned simply by varying the attraction strength. Using a simple computer simulation model, we uncover how the interparticle interactions govern the formation of frictional contacts between particles. Our results establish quantitative relations between friction, coordination, and interparticle interactions. This is a key step toward using interparticle friction to tune the mechanical properties of particulate materials. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Attraction-Enhanced Emergence of Friction in Colloidal Matter","authors":"Berend van der Meer, Taiki Yanagishima, Roel P. A. Dullens","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.078202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.078202","url":null,"abstract":"How frictional effects emerge at the microscopic level in particulate materials remains a challenging question, particularly in systems subject to thermal fluctuations due to the transient nature of interparticle contacts. Here, we directly relate particle-level frictional arrest to local coordination in an attractive colloidal model system. We reveal that the orientational dynamics of particles slows down exponentially with increasing coordination number due to the emergence of frictional interactions, the strength of which can be tuned simply by varying the attraction strength. Using a simple computer simulation model, we uncover how the interparticle interactions govern the formation of frictional contacts between particles. Our results establish quantitative relations between friction, coordination, and interparticle interactions. This is a key step toward using interparticle friction to tune the mechanical properties of particulate materials. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.036030
Friederike Ihssen, Jan M. Pawlowski, Franz R. Sattler, Nicolas Wink
QCD at large density reveals a rich phase structure, ranging from a potential critical end point and inhomogeneous phases or moat regimes to color superconducting ones with competing order effects. Resolving this region in the phase diagram of QCD with functional approaches requires a great deal of quantitative reliability already for a qualitative access. In the present work, we systematically extend the functional renormalization group approach to low-energy QCD by setting up a fully self-consistent approximation scheme in a low-energy effective quark-meson theory. In this approximation, all pointlike multiscattering events of the mesonic pion and the σ mode are taken into account in terms of an effective potential as well as all higher quark-antiquark-mesonic scattering orders. As a first application we compute the phase structure of QCD including its low temperature, large chemical potential part. The quantitative reliability of the approximation and systematic extensions is also discussed. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Toward quantitative precision for QCD at large densities","authors":"Friederike Ihssen, Jan M. Pawlowski, Franz R. Sattler, Nicolas Wink","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.036030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.036030","url":null,"abstract":"QCD at large density reveals a rich phase structure, ranging from a potential critical end point and inhomogeneous phases or moat regimes to color superconducting ones with competing order effects. Resolving this region in the phase diagram of QCD with functional approaches requires a great deal of quantitative reliability already for a qualitative access. In the present work, we systematically extend the functional renormalization group approach to low-energy QCD by setting up a fully self-consistent approximation scheme in a low-energy effective quark-meson theory. In this approximation, all pointlike multiscattering events of the mesonic pion and the σ</a:mi></a:math> mode are taken into account in terms of an effective potential as well as all higher quark-antiquark-mesonic scattering orders. As a first application we compute the phase structure of QCD including its low temperature, large chemical potential part. The quantitative reliability of the approximation and systematic extensions is also discussed. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.036026
Marko Toroš, Martine Schut, Patrick Andriolo, Sougato Bose, Anupam Mazumdar
The salient feature of both classical and quantum gravity is its universal and attractive character. However, less is known about the behavior and build-up of quantum correlations when quantum systems interact via graviton exchange. In this work, we show that quantum correlations can remain strongly suppressed for certain choices of parameters even when considering two adjacent quantum systems in delocalized states. Using the framework of linearized quantum gravity with post-Newtonian contributions, we find that there are special values of delocalization where gravitationally induced entanglement drops to negligible values, albeit nonvanishing. We find a pronounced cancellation point far from the Planck scale, where the system tends toward classicalization. In addition, we show that quantum correlations begin to reemerge for large and tiny delocalizations due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and the universal coupling of gravity to the energy-momentum tensor, forming a valley of gravitational entanglement. Published by the American Physical Society2025
{"title":"Relativistic dips in entangling power of gravity","authors":"Marko Toroš, Martine Schut, Patrick Andriolo, Sougato Bose, Anupam Mazumdar","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.036026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.036026","url":null,"abstract":"The salient feature of both classical and quantum gravity is its universal and attractive character. However, less is known about the behavior and build-up of quantum correlations when quantum systems interact via graviton exchange. In this work, we show that quantum correlations can remain strongly suppressed for certain choices of parameters even when considering two adjacent quantum systems in delocalized states. Using the framework of linearized quantum gravity with post-Newtonian contributions, we find that there are special values of delocalization where gravitationally induced entanglement drops to negligible values, albeit nonvanishing. We find a pronounced cancellation point far from the Planck scale, where the system tends toward classicalization. In addition, we show that quantum correlations begin to reemerge for large and tiny delocalizations due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle and the universal coupling of gravity to the energy-momentum tensor, forming a valley of gravitational entanglement. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1038/s41567-024-02760-1
Thomas A. Hensel, Jan O. Wirth, Ole L. Schwarz, Stefan W. Hell
Resolving two or more constantly scattering identical point sources using freely propagating waves is limited by diffraction. Here we show that, by illuminating with a diffraction minimum, a given number of point scatterers can be resolved at distances of small fractions of the wavelength. Specifically, we identify an 8 nm distance, which corresponds to 1/80 of the employed 640 nm wavelength, between two constantly emitting fluorescent molecules in the focal plane of an optical microscope. We also measure 22 nm side length for a quadratic array of four molecules. Moreover, we show that the measurement precision improves with decreasing distance and with increased scatterer density. This work opens up the prospect of resolving individual scatterers in clusters that are far smaller than the wavelength.
{"title":"Diffraction minima resolve point scatterers at few hundredths of the wavelength","authors":"Thomas A. Hensel, Jan O. Wirth, Ole L. Schwarz, Stefan W. Hell","doi":"10.1038/s41567-024-02760-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-024-02760-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Resolving two or more constantly scattering identical point sources using freely propagating waves is limited by diffraction. Here we show that, by illuminating with a diffraction minimum, a given number of point scatterers can be resolved at distances of small fractions of the wavelength. Specifically, we identify an 8 nm distance, which corresponds to 1/80 of the employed 640 nm wavelength, between two constantly emitting fluorescent molecules in the focal plane of an optical microscope. We also measure 22 nm side length for a quadratic array of four molecules. Moreover, we show that the measurement precision improves with decreasing distance and with increased scatterer density. This work opens up the prospect of resolving individual scatterers in clusters that are far smaller than the wavelength.</p>","PeriodicalId":19100,"journal":{"name":"Nature Physics","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, a surprisingly direct and simple rigorous understanding of quantum Liouville theory has developed. We aim here to make this material more accessible to physicists working on quantum field theory.
{"title":"Liouville theory: an introduction to rigorous approaches","authors":"Sourav Chatterjee, Edward Witten","doi":"10.1007/JHEP02(2025)153","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP02(2025)153","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent years, a surprisingly direct and simple rigorous understanding of quantum Liouville theory has developed. We aim here to make this material more accessible to physicists working on quantum field theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP02(2025)153.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143465908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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