Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13561
Chunran Zhou,Dong Li,Peijuan Miao,Qinyong Dong,Xiaoying Wan,Huan Yu,Haiyan Cheng,Canping Pan
The crop yield loss and quality decline due to herbicides' unreasonable application seriously threaten global food security. Nanoselenium (nano-Se) and melatonin have been shown to improve plants' tolerance to abiotic stress. Here, this study investigated the effects of nano-Se and melatonin on wheat growth, metabolism, and resistance under bensulfuron-methyl stress through field experiment. Nano-Se and melatonin application activated the indole alkaloid metabolism and increased the contents of tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, DIMBOA-Glc, and HDMBOA-Glc in leaves, roots, rhizosphere soil, and grains at different wheat growth stages. This increased wheat height (22.3%) and the weight of thousand grains (8.1%) when exposed to bensulfuron. The contents of allelochemicals (jasmonic acid and DIMBOA-Glc), microbial communities (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Gemmatimonadetes), and soil-lipase (21.3%), and soil-fluorescein diacetate (16.4%) were also significantly increased by nano-Se and melatonin biofortification during the wheat ripening stage under bensulfuron treatment. Changes in microbial communities were closely linked to the plant metabolites and soil allelochemicals (benzoxazinoids (BXs)), which promoted wheat growth and lessened the harmful effects of bensulfuron-methyl. In summary, nano-Se and melatonin might reduce phytotoxicity by promoting plant metabolism (BXs) and improving the soil microenvironment and signal transduction in the rhizosphere soil and wheat plants.
{"title":"Nanoselenium and Melatonin Diminish Bensulfuron-methyl Toxicity in Field Wheat by Regulating Interaction among Rhizosphere Soil Allelochemicals, Bacterial Community, and Plant Metabolites.","authors":"Chunran Zhou,Dong Li,Peijuan Miao,Qinyong Dong,Xiaoying Wan,Huan Yu,Haiyan Cheng,Canping Pan","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13561","url":null,"abstract":"The crop yield loss and quality decline due to herbicides' unreasonable application seriously threaten global food security. Nanoselenium (nano-Se) and melatonin have been shown to improve plants' tolerance to abiotic stress. Here, this study investigated the effects of nano-Se and melatonin on wheat growth, metabolism, and resistance under bensulfuron-methyl stress through field experiment. Nano-Se and melatonin application activated the indole alkaloid metabolism and increased the contents of tryptamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, DIMBOA-Glc, and HDMBOA-Glc in leaves, roots, rhizosphere soil, and grains at different wheat growth stages. This increased wheat height (22.3%) and the weight of thousand grains (8.1%) when exposed to bensulfuron. The contents of allelochemicals (jasmonic acid and DIMBOA-Glc), microbial communities (Alphaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, and Gemmatimonadetes), and soil-lipase (21.3%), and soil-fluorescein diacetate (16.4%) were also significantly increased by nano-Se and melatonin biofortification during the wheat ripening stage under bensulfuron treatment. Changes in microbial communities were closely linked to the plant metabolites and soil allelochemicals (benzoxazinoids (BXs)), which promoted wheat growth and lessened the harmful effects of bensulfuron-methyl. In summary, nano-Se and melatonin might reduce phytotoxicity by promoting plant metabolism (BXs) and improving the soil microenvironment and signal transduction in the rhizosphere soil and wheat plants.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious condition in premature infants, driven by dysbiosis-induced inflammation and barrier damage. This study screened probiotics for efficient 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) utilization and intestinal repair potential. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JY039 (L. plantarum JY039, JY039) was selected from 25 strains (p < 0.05) based on 2'-FL metabolism, intestinal adhesion, and Lgr5 induction in TNF-α-damaged organoids. JY039 showed versatile carbon metabolism and sensitivity to 11 antibiotics, indicating its clinical safety. In TNF-α-injured organoids, it elevated intestinal stem cell (ISC) markers (Olfm4 and Ascl2, 4-fold) and proliferation markers (c-Myc, Ki67, and cyclins, 3-fold), with EdU intensity increasing 4-fold versus NEC models. In NEC rats, JY039 (109 CFU/mL) reduced pathology scores and permeability, restored tight junctions, modulated cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, myeloperoxidase decreased; and IL-10 increased, p < 0.05), activated ISC regeneration, and enriched Lactococcus and Akkermansia. JY039 effectively maintained epithelial regeneration and improved the microbial imbalance, representing a safe NEC candidate. It also offers guidance for producing a functional infant formula.
{"title":"Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JY039 Ameliorates Necrotizing Enterocolitis via Intestinal Stem Cell Regeneration.","authors":"Jinfeng Guo,Ying Zhao,Kaiqi Gao,Yilin Sun,Feng Zhao,Yu Zhang,Yujun Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c09843","url":null,"abstract":"Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious condition in premature infants, driven by dysbiosis-induced inflammation and barrier damage. This study screened probiotics for efficient 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) utilization and intestinal repair potential. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum JY039 (L. plantarum JY039, JY039) was selected from 25 strains (p < 0.05) based on 2'-FL metabolism, intestinal adhesion, and Lgr5 induction in TNF-α-damaged organoids. JY039 showed versatile carbon metabolism and sensitivity to 11 antibiotics, indicating its clinical safety. In TNF-α-injured organoids, it elevated intestinal stem cell (ISC) markers (Olfm4 and Ascl2, 4-fold) and proliferation markers (c-Myc, Ki67, and cyclins, 3-fold), with EdU intensity increasing 4-fold versus NEC models. In NEC rats, JY039 (109 CFU/mL) reduced pathology scores and permeability, restored tight junctions, modulated cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, myeloperoxidase decreased; and IL-10 increased, p < 0.05), activated ISC regeneration, and enriched Lactococcus and Akkermansia. JY039 effectively maintained epithelial regeneration and improved the microbial imbalance, representing a safe NEC candidate. It also offers guidance for producing a functional infant formula.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a challenging inflammatory disease with higher relapse and lower remission rates, urgently requiring effective and safe complementary treatment options. Apigenin (Api), a natural flavonoid from parsley and celery, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In mice with 2.5% DSS-induced acute colitis, Api markedly alleviated weight loss, colon shortening, and elevated DAI scores, while restoring mucosal integrity and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Mechanistically, Api can directly bind to AMPK to activate it, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and suppressing the NF-κB pathway, which in turn inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, Api directly binds to NLRP3, thereby inhibiting inflammasome activation. Through dual targeting of AMPK and NLRP3, Api cooperatively suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in UC mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Api protects against colitis via modulation of the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis, highlighting its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for intestinal health.
{"title":"Natural Dietary Flavonoid Apigenin Mitigates Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 Signaling Axis.","authors":"Mengsha Zhou,Xiaoshuang Mao,Lin-En Zou,Ying Yang,Wenli Zhao,Yinan Yang,Shihao Sun,Zhongyi Mao,Peng Li,Guihong Qi","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c15405","url":null,"abstract":"Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a challenging inflammatory disease with higher relapse and lower remission rates, urgently requiring effective and safe complementary treatment options. Apigenin (Api), a natural flavonoid from parsley and celery, exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. In mice with 2.5% DSS-induced acute colitis, Api markedly alleviated weight loss, colon shortening, and elevated DAI scores, while restoring mucosal integrity and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. Mechanistically, Api can directly bind to AMPK to activate it, thereby alleviating oxidative stress and suppressing the NF-κB pathway, which in turn inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Moreover, Api directly binds to NLRP3, thereby inhibiting inflammasome activation. Through dual targeting of AMPK and NLRP3, Api cooperatively suppresses oxidative stress and inflammation in UC mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that Api protects against colitis via modulation of the AMPK/NF-κB/NLRP3 axis, highlighting its potential as a natural anti-inflammatory agent for intestinal health.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in plant stress responses, yet their dynamic regulation during stress remains unclear. This study elucidates a molecular mechanism whereby the grapevine U2 snRNP core component VvU2A' enhances salt tolerance through a circRNA-mediated post-transcriptional network. We found that VvU2A' expression is induced by salt stress and positively regulates salt tolerance in grapevine. CircRNA sequencing revealed 497 VvU2A'-regulated differentially expressed circRNAs, including downregulated VvcircHMA1. Mechanistic investigation revealed that VvcircHMA1 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sequestering VvmiR167b, thereby attenuating its cleavage activity on the target mRNA VvARF6. Functional analyses revealed that both VvcircHMA1 and VvARF6 negatively regulate salt tolerance, while VvmiR167b positively regulates it. Collectively, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which the splicing factor VvU2A' enhances salt stress response through the VvcircHMA1-VvmiR167b-VvARF6 cascade, providing promising molecular targets for breeding salt-resistant grapevines.
{"title":"VvU2A' -mediated circRNA biogenesis confers salt tolerance in grapevine via the VvcircHMA1 -VvmiR167b- VvARF6 pathway","authors":"Zhen Gao, Le Zheng, Yeqi Li, Jing Li, Yuanpeng Du","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhaf355","url":null,"abstract":"Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play important roles in plant stress responses, yet their dynamic regulation during stress remains unclear. This study elucidates a molecular mechanism whereby the grapevine U2 snRNP core component VvU2A' enhances salt tolerance through a circRNA-mediated post-transcriptional network. We found that VvU2A' expression is induced by salt stress and positively regulates salt tolerance in grapevine. CircRNA sequencing revealed 497 VvU2A'-regulated differentially expressed circRNAs, including downregulated VvcircHMA1. Mechanistic investigation revealed that VvcircHMA1 acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) by sequestering VvmiR167b, thereby attenuating its cleavage activity on the target mRNA VvARF6. Functional analyses revealed that both VvcircHMA1 and VvARF6 negatively regulate salt tolerance, while VvmiR167b positively regulates it. Collectively, our study reveals a novel mechanism by which the splicing factor VvU2A' enhances salt stress response through the VvcircHMA1-VvmiR167b-VvARF6 cascade, providing promising molecular targets for breeding salt-resistant grapevines.","PeriodicalId":13179,"journal":{"name":"Horticulture Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13909
Felix Widodo,Yun-Ya Wang,Tsair-Bor Yen,Kuo-Chan Tseng,Yu-Hsiang Chen,Shih-Chao Lin,Pei-Shan Tsai,Yu-Kuo Chen
Propyl gallate (PG) is an edible food-grade antioxidant, but its gastroprotective potential has not been extensively evaluated. This study evaluated the protective effects of PG on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury in Wistar rats. Male rats were assigned to control (C), vehicle (Vehicle), PG-treated (20, 40, and 100 mg/kg; LPG, MPG, and HPG), and positive control (omeprazole, 30 mg/kg; OM). Following 7 days of pretreatment, indomethacin (100 mg/kg) was administered to all groups except group C, and the gastric tissues were collected for further analysis. PG pretreatment significantly reduced ulcer area in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). PG also suppressed gastric inflammatory protein expression (NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS), restoring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels, and enhanced antioxidant defenses, as evidenced by increased glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These findings demonstrate that PG exerts marked gastroprotective effects through combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.
{"title":"Propyl Gallate Mitigates Gastric Injury Caused by Indomethacin in Wistar Rats.","authors":"Felix Widodo,Yun-Ya Wang,Tsair-Bor Yen,Kuo-Chan Tseng,Yu-Hsiang Chen,Shih-Chao Lin,Pei-Shan Tsai,Yu-Kuo Chen","doi":"10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c13909","url":null,"abstract":"Propyl gallate (PG) is an edible food-grade antioxidant, but its gastroprotective potential has not been extensively evaluated. This study evaluated the protective effects of PG on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal injury in Wistar rats. Male rats were assigned to control (C), vehicle (Vehicle), PG-treated (20, 40, and 100 mg/kg; LPG, MPG, and HPG), and positive control (omeprazole, 30 mg/kg; OM). Following 7 days of pretreatment, indomethacin (100 mg/kg) was administered to all groups except group C, and the gastric tissues were collected for further analysis. PG pretreatment significantly reduced ulcer area in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). PG also suppressed gastric inflammatory protein expression (NF-κB, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS), restoring prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels, and enhanced antioxidant defenses, as evidenced by increased glutathione (GSH) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. These findings demonstrate that PG exerts marked gastroprotective effects through combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":41,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.110075
Zhao-Feng Yuan, Tida Ge, Dong-Xing Guan, Bin He, Xiaokai Zhang, Yongfu Li, Zhenke Zhu, Gang Li, Pil Joo Kim, Georg Guggenberger, Minggang Xu, Jianping Chen, Yakov Kuzyakov
Iron (Fe) plaque is a ubiquitous feature formed on root surfaces of wetland plants (e.g., rice), resulting from the oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ driven by radial oxygen loss from roots. Fe plaque formation is primarily driven by abiotic pathways: influx of water with dissolved Fe2+ from bulk soil to roots and rhizosphere, wherein Fe2+ is oxidized by O2 released from aerenchyma, and reactive species (e.g., ∙HO, ∙NO2, ∙NO) produced by electron transport from Fe2+ within Fe plaque. Biotic pathways, mediated mainly by Fe-reducing and Fe-oxidizing bacteria in rhizosphere, regulate Fe plaque formation. Fe plaque is mainly composed of ferrihydrite (Fe2O3∙nH2O), goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), but may include siderite (FeCO3), and vivianite (Fe3(PO4)2). Soil properties, plant species, developmental stages and redox fluctuations substantially influence Fe plaque composition and formation rate, as well its dissolution. As a microbial and biogeochemical hotspot in paddy ecosystems, Fe plaque interacts extensively with nutrients and contaminants, influencing their bioavailability and plant uptake. With extensive reactive surface area and abundant functional groups, Fe plaque functions as both a barrier and reservoir for nutrients and contaminants. We developed the concept of “Fe circuit” to describe its dual functions on elemental cycling in rice rhizosphere. Fe plaque can be utilized for in-situ immobilizing or removing contaminants in paddy soil. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on Fe plaque and its potential to remediate contaminants in paddy soil and other wetlands.
{"title":"Iron plaque in paddy: formation, properties, functions, and applications","authors":"Zhao-Feng Yuan, Tida Ge, Dong-Xing Guan, Bin He, Xiaokai Zhang, Yongfu Li, Zhenke Zhu, Gang Li, Pil Joo Kim, Georg Guggenberger, Minggang Xu, Jianping Chen, Yakov Kuzyakov","doi":"10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.110075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2025.110075","url":null,"abstract":"Iron (Fe) plaque is a ubiquitous feature formed on root surfaces of wetland plants (e.g., rice), resulting from the oxidation of Fe<sup>2+</sup> to Fe<sup>3+</sup> driven by radial oxygen loss from roots. Fe plaque formation is primarily driven by abiotic pathways: influx of water with dissolved Fe<sup>2+</sup> from bulk soil to roots and rhizosphere, wherein Fe<sup>2+</sup> is oxidized by O<sub>2</sub> released from aerenchyma, and reactive species (e.g., ∙HO, ∙NO<sub>2</sub>, ∙NO) produced by electron transport from Fe<sup>2+</sup> within Fe plaque. Biotic pathways, mediated mainly by Fe-reducing and Fe-oxidizing bacteria in rhizosphere, regulate Fe plaque formation. Fe plaque is mainly composed of ferrihydrite (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>∙nH<sub>2</sub>O), goethite (α-FeOOH), lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH), but may include siderite (FeCO<sub>3</sub>), and vivianite (Fe<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>). Soil properties, plant species, developmental stages and redox fluctuations substantially influence Fe plaque composition and formation rate, as well its dissolution. As a microbial and biogeochemical hotspot in paddy ecosystems, Fe plaque interacts extensively with nutrients and contaminants, influencing their bioavailability and plant uptake. With extensive reactive surface area and abundant functional groups, Fe plaque functions as both a barrier and reservoir for nutrients and contaminants. We developed the concept of “Fe circuit” to describe its dual functions on elemental cycling in rice rhizosphere. Fe plaque can be utilized for <em>in-situ</em> immobilizing or removing contaminants in paddy soil. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on Fe plaque and its potential to remediate contaminants in paddy soil and other wetlands.","PeriodicalId":21888,"journal":{"name":"Soil Biology & Biochemistry","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145801472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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