Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965
Thanh Trung Nguyen, Thi Ngan Mai, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee
As COVID-19 has shown, pandemics and outbreaks of emerging infections such as Zika, Nipah, monkeypox and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, especially emerging zoonotic diseases, continue to occur and may even be increasing in Southeast Asia. In addition, these infections often result from environmental changes and human behaviour. Overall, public health surveillance to identify gaps in the literature and early warning signs are essential in this region. A systematic review investigated the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases over 11 years from 2011 to 2022 in Southeast Asia to understand the status of emerging zoonotic diseases, as well as to provide necessary actions for disease control and prevention in the region. During the 2011-2022 period, studies on pigs, poultry, ruminants, companion animals and wildlife in Southeast Asia were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality of reporting items for inclusion in the systematic review. The review was performed on 26 studies of pigs, 6 studies of poultry, 21 studies of ruminants, 28 studies of companion animals and 25 studies of wildlife in Southeast Asia, which provide a snapshot of the prevalence of the emerging zoonotic disease across the country. The findings from the review showed that emerging zoonotic diseases were prevalent across the region and identified a few zoonotic diseases associated with poultry, mainly stemming from Cambodia and Vietnam, as high priority in Southeast Asia.Clinical relevance: Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate the emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia.
{"title":"Emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia in the period 2011-2022: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Thanh Trung Nguyen, Thi Ngan Mai, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As COVID-19 has shown, pandemics and outbreaks of emerging infections such as Zika, Nipah, monkeypox and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, especially emerging zoonotic diseases, continue to occur and may even be increasing in Southeast Asia. In addition, these infections often result from environmental changes and human behaviour. Overall, public health surveillance to identify gaps in the literature and early warning signs are essential in this region. A systematic review investigated the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases over 11 years from 2011 to 2022 in Southeast Asia to understand the status of emerging zoonotic diseases, as well as to provide necessary actions for disease control and prevention in the region. During the 2011-2022 period, studies on pigs, poultry, ruminants, companion animals and wildlife in Southeast Asia were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality of reporting items for inclusion in the systematic review. The review was performed on 26 studies of pigs, 6 studies of poultry, 21 studies of ruminants, 28 studies of companion animals and 25 studies of wildlife in Southeast Asia, which provide a snapshot of the prevalence of the emerging zoonotic disease across the country. The findings from the review showed that emerging zoonotic diseases were prevalent across the region and identified a few zoonotic diseases associated with poultry, mainly stemming from Cambodia and Vietnam, as high priority in Southeast Asia.<b>Clinical relevance</b>: Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate the emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheeppox and goatpox are transboundary viral diseases of sheep and goats that cause significant economic losses to small and marginal farmers worldwide, including India. Members of the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV), namely Sheeppox virus (SPPV), Goatpox virus (GTPV), and Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), are antigenically similar, and species differentiation can only be accomplished using molecular approaches. The present study aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology and host specificity of SPPV and GTPV circulating in India through sequencing and structural analysis of the RNA polymerase subunit-30 kDa (RPO30) gene. A total of 29 field isolates from sheep (n = 19) and goats (n = 10) belonging to different geographical regions of India during the period: Year 2015 to 2023, were analyzed based on the sequence and structure of the full-length RPO30 gene/protein. Phylogenetically, all the CaPV isolates were separated into three major clusters: SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. Multiple sequence alignment revealed a highly conserved RPO30 gene, with a stretch of 21 nucleotide deletion in all SPPV isolates. Additionally, the RPO30 gene of the Indian SPPV and GTPV isolates possessed several species-specific conserved signature residues/motifs that could act as genotyping markers. Secondary structure analysis of the RPO30 protein showed four α-helices, two loops, and three turns, similar to that of the E4L protein of vaccinia virus (VACV). All the isolates in the present study exhibited host preferences across different states of India. Therefore, in order to protect vulnerable small ruminants from poxviral infections, it is recommended to take into consideration a homologous vaccination strategy.
{"title":"Structural and sequence analysis of the RPO30 gene of sheeppox and goatpox viruses from India.","authors":"Gundallahalli Bayyappa Manjunatha Reddy, Krishnappa Sumana, Revanaiah Yogisharadhya, Hosakote Venkatappa Mohan, Vijaykumar Kolar Lavanya, Basavarajappa Harlipura Chethankumar, Nayakwadi Shivasharanappa, Mani Saminathan, Sajjanar Basavaraj, Kuldeep Dhama, Shivachandra Bhadravati Sathish","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2331524","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2331524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sheeppox and goatpox are transboundary viral diseases of sheep and goats that cause significant economic losses to small and marginal farmers worldwide, including India. Members of the genus <i>Capripoxvirus</i> (CaPV), namely Sheeppox virus (SPPV), Goatpox virus (GTPV), and Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), are antigenically similar, and species differentiation can only be accomplished using molecular approaches. The present study aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology and host specificity of SPPV and GTPV circulating in India through sequencing and structural analysis of the RNA polymerase subunit-30 kDa (<i>RPO30</i>) gene. A total of 29 field isolates from sheep (<i>n</i> = 19) and goats (<i>n</i> = 10) belonging to different geographical regions of India during the period: Year 2015 to 2023, were analyzed based on the sequence and structure of the full-length <i>RPO30</i> gene/protein. Phylogenetically, all the CaPV isolates were separated into three major clusters: SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. Multiple sequence alignment revealed a highly conserved <i>RPO30</i> gene, with a stretch of 21 nucleotide deletion in all SPPV isolates. Additionally, the <i>RPO30</i> gene of the Indian SPPV and GTPV isolates possessed several species-specific conserved signature residues/motifs that could act as genotyping markers. Secondary structure analysis of the <i>RPO30</i> protein showed four α-helices, two loops, and three turns, similar to that of the E4L protein of vaccinia virus (VACV). All the isolates in the present study exhibited host preferences across different states of India. Therefore, in order to protect vulnerable small ruminants from poxviral infections, it is recommended to take into consideration a homologous vaccination strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal illness caused by a mutated feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is characterized by its complexity, resulting from systemic infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and challenges in accessing effective therapeutics. Extract derived from Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (VRE) exhibits various pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of VRE against FCoV, addressing the urgent need to advance the treatment of FIP. We explored the anti-FCoV activity, antiviral mechanism, and combinational application of VRE by means of in vitro antiviral assays. Our findings reveal that VRE effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect induced by FCoV, reduced viral proliferation, and downregulated spike protein expression. Moreover, VRE blocked FCoV in the early and late infection stages and was effective under in vitro ADE infection. Notably, when combined with VRE, the polymerase inhibitor GS-441524 or protease inhibitor GC376 suppressed FCoV more effectively than monotherapy. In conclusion, this study characterizes the antiviral property of VRE against FCoV in vitro, and VRE possesses therapeutic potential for FCoV treatment.
{"title":"Antiviral activity of <i>Vigna radiata</i> extract against feline coronavirus <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Ai-Ai Chou, Chung-Hui Lin, Yen-Chen Chang, Hui-Wen Chang, Yi-Chen Lin, Chia-Chen Pi, Yao-Ming Kan, Hao-Fen Chuang, Hui-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2349665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2349665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal illness caused by a mutated feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is characterized by its complexity, resulting from systemic infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and challenges in accessing effective therapeutics. Extract derived from <i>Vigna radiata</i> (L.) R. Wilczek (VRE) exhibits various pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of VRE against FCoV, addressing the urgent need to advance the treatment of FIP. We explored the anti-FCoV activity, antiviral mechanism, and combinational application of VRE by means of <i>in vitro</i> antiviral assays. Our findings reveal that VRE effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect induced by FCoV, reduced viral proliferation, and downregulated spike protein expression. Moreover, VRE blocked FCoV in the early and late infection stages and was effective under <i>in vitro</i> ADE infection. Notably, when combined with VRE, the polymerase inhibitor GS-441524 or protease inhibitor GC376 suppressed FCoV more effectively than monotherapy. In conclusion, this study characterizes the antiviral property of VRE against FCoV <i>in vitro</i>, and VRE possesses therapeutic potential for FCoV treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11078076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bodyweight loss and rumen microbial dysfunction of grazing sheep was a challenge for the sheep production industry during cold season, which were considered to correlated with under-roughage-feeding. Alfalfa is a good roughage supplementary for ruminants, which can improve grazing sheep bodyweight-loss and rumen microbial dysfunction during grass-withering period. This study evaluated the effects of alfalfa hay supplementary change dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber (NFC/NDF) ratios on rumen fermentation and microbial function of Gansu alpine fine wool sheep during extreme cold season. 120 ewes (3-4 yrs) with an average body weight of 28.71 ± 1.22 kg were allocated randomly into three treatments, and fed NFC/NDF of 1.92 (H group), 1.11 (M group), and 0.68 (L group), respectively. This study was conducted for 107 d, including 7 d of adaption to the diets. The rumen fermentation parameters and microbial characteristics were measured after the end of feeding trials. The results showed that the concentrations of sheep body weight, nitrogen components (Total-N, Soluble protein-N and Ammonia-N), blood biochemical indices (LDH, BUN and CHO) and ruminal volatile fatty acids (TVFA and propionate) significantly increased with an increase in the proportion of NFC/NDF ratios (p < .05), and the acetate and acetate/propionat ratio presented a contrary decreasing trend (p < .05). A total of 1018 OTUs were obtained with 97% consistency. Ruminococcus, Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella were observed as the predominant phyla in ruminal fluid microbiota. Higher NFC/NDF ratios with Alfalfa supplementary increased the richness and diversity of ruminal fluid microbiota, and decreased ruminal fluid microbiota beta-diversity. Using clusters of orthologous groups (COG), the ruminal fluid microbiota of alfalfa supplementary feeding showed low immune pathway and high carbohydrate metabolism pathway. In summary, the study suggested that there was an increasing tendency in dietary NFC/NDF ratio of 1.92 in body weight, ruminal fermentation, microbial community composition and fermentation characteristics through developing alfalfa supplementary system.
在寒冷季节,放牧绵羊的体重减轻和瘤胃微生物功能障碍是绵羊生产业面临的挑战,这被认为与粗饲料不足有关。苜蓿是反刍动物良好的粗饲料添加剂,可改善放牧绵羊在草枯期的体重减轻和瘤胃微生物功能障碍。本研究评价了极寒季节苜蓿干草补充改变日粮非纤维碳水化合物/中性洗涤纤维(NFC/NDF)比例对甘肃高寒细毛羊瘤胃发酵和微生物功能的影响。120只母羊(3-4岁),平均体重28.71 ± 1.22 kg随机分为三个处理,分别饲喂1.92(H组)、1.11(M组)和0.68(L组)的NFC/NDF。本研究进行了107天,其中包括7天的饮食适应期。饲养试验结束后测定瘤胃发酵参数和微生物特性。结果表明,绵羊体重、氮组分(总氮、可溶性蛋白-N和氨氮)、血液生化指标(LDH、BUN和CHO)和瘤胃挥发性脂肪酸(TVFA和丙酸盐)的浓度随NFC/NDF比值的增加而显著增加(p p
{"title":"Effect of alfalfa supplementary change dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate (NFC) to neutral detergent fiber (NDF) ratio on rumen fermentation and microbial function in Gansu alpine fine wool sheep (<i>Ovis aries</i>).","authors":"Qian Chen, Yun-Feng Cui, Zhao-Xi Zhang, Fu-Cheng Jiang, Xiang-Yu Meng, Jin-Jin Li, Da-Yong Cui, Jian-Lei Jia","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2262539","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2262539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bodyweight loss and rumen microbial dysfunction of grazing sheep was a challenge for the sheep production industry during cold season, which were considered to correlated with under-roughage-feeding. Alfalfa is a good roughage supplementary for ruminants, which can improve grazing sheep bodyweight-loss and rumen microbial dysfunction during grass-withering period. This study evaluated the effects of alfalfa hay supplementary change dietary non-fibrous carbohydrate/neutral detergent fiber (NFC/NDF) ratios on rumen fermentation and microbial function of Gansu alpine fine wool sheep during extreme cold season. 120 ewes (3-4 yrs) with an average body weight of 28.71 ± 1.22 kg were allocated randomly into three treatments, and fed NFC/NDF of 1.92 (H group), 1.11 (M group), and 0.68 (L group), respectively. This study was conducted for 107 d, including 7 d of adaption to the diets. The rumen fermentation parameters and microbial characteristics were measured after the end of feeding trials. The results showed that the concentrations of sheep body weight, nitrogen components (Total-N, Soluble protein-N and Ammonia-N), blood biochemical indices (LDH, BUN and CHO) and ruminal volatile fatty acids (TVFA and propionate) significantly increased with an increase in the proportion of NFC/NDF ratios (<i>p</i> < .05), and the acetate and acetate/propionat ratio presented a contrary decreasing trend (<i>p</i> < .05). A total of 1018 OTUs were obtained with 97% consistency. Ruminococcus, Ruminococcaceae and Prevotella were observed as the predominant phyla in ruminal fluid microbiota. Higher NFC/NDF ratios with Alfalfa supplementary increased the richness and diversity of ruminal fluid microbiota, and decreased ruminal fluid microbiota beta-diversity. Using clusters of orthologous groups (COG), the ruminal fluid microbiota of alfalfa supplementary feeding showed low immune pathway and high carbohydrate metabolism pathway. In summary, the study suggested that there was an increasing tendency in dietary NFC/NDF ratio of 1.92 in body weight, ruminal fermentation, microbial community composition and fermentation characteristics through developing alfalfa supplementary system.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41100866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2259436
Juanqing Qin, Liwen Qin, Fu Zhang, Xiaoyu Fan, Huayun Jin, Zhijian Du, Yukang Guo, Weiwei Liu, Qinghua Liu
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of JUNCAO Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptide (JCGLPP) on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits, which aimed to provide the basis for the application of JCGLPP in meat rabbits. One hundred male weaned Minxinan black rabbits of (33 ± 2) d [(initial body mass (655.65 ± 25.90) g] were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and five rabbits per replicate. The diets were supplemented with 0 (control group), 50 (group I), 100 (group II) and 150 mg·kg-1 (group III) of JCGLPP, respectively. This experiment lasted for 56 days. The results are shown below: (1) The live weight before slaughter of groups I and III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); The full net bore weight of group III was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (2) pH value of group I was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05); NH3-N content in experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group(p < 0.05) while NH3-N content in group I was significantly higher than that in groups III and II (p < 0.05); The content of butyric acid in group II was significantly lower than that in control group (p < 0.05); There were no significant differences in acetic acid, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid and propionic acid in experimental groups compared with control group (p > 0.05). (3) The Occludin content in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of groups I and II was significantly higher than that of control group (p < 0.05). (4) At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum in each group. At the genus level, norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014 in group II were significantly higher than those in control group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, although dietary JCGLPP supplementation could not improve slaughter performance of Minxinan black rabbits, it could improve cecal fermentation parameters and intestinal flora structure and composition of Minxinan black rabbits to a certain extent. Our results revealed that 100 mg·kg-1 might be the optimal concentration obtained in dietary JCGLPP supplementation, which provided ideas and feasibility for drug combination.
本试验旨在研究君草灵芝多糖肽(JCGLPP)对岷西南黑兔屠宰性能和肠道健康的影响,为其在肉兔中的应用提供依据。100只断奶的(33 ± 2) d[(初始体重(655.65 ± 25.90)g]随机分为四组,每组五个重复。日粮中添加0(对照组)、50(I组)、100(II组)和150 mg·kg-1(Ⅲ组)。这个实验持续了56 天。结果表明:(1)Ⅰ、Ⅲ组屠宰前活重显著高于对照组(p p p 3-N含量实验组显著高于对照组(p 3-N含量Ⅰ组明显高于Ⅲ、Ⅱ组(p p p > (3)Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组十二指肠、空肠和回肠中欧舒丁含量均显著高于对照组(p Ⅱ组norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_CG-014显著高于对照组(p -1可能是日粮补充JCGLPP的最佳浓度,为药物组合提供了思路和可行性。
{"title":"Effects of JUNCAO <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> polysaccharide peptide on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits.","authors":"Juanqing Qin, Liwen Qin, Fu Zhang, Xiaoyu Fan, Huayun Jin, Zhijian Du, Yukang Guo, Weiwei Liu, Qinghua Liu","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2259436","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2259436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of JUNCAO <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> polysaccharide peptide (JCGLPP) on slaughter performance and intestinal health of Minxinan black rabbits, which aimed to provide the basis for the application of JCGLPP in meat rabbits. One hundred male weaned Minxinan black rabbits of (33 ± 2) d [(initial body mass (655.65 ± 25.90) g] were randomly divided into four groups with five replicates per group and five rabbits per replicate. The diets were supplemented with 0 (control group), 50 (group I), 100 (group II) and 150 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> (group III) of JCGLPP, respectively. This experiment lasted for 56 days. The results are shown below: (1) The live weight before slaughter of groups I and III was significantly higher than that of control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05); The full net bore weight of group III was significantly higher than that of control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (2) pH value of group I was significantly higher than that of control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05); NH<sub>3</sub>-N content in experimental groups were significantly higher than that in control group(<i>p</i> < 0.05) while NH<sub>3</sub>-N content in group I was significantly higher than that in groups III and II (<i>p</i> < 0.05); The content of butyric acid in group II was significantly lower than that in control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05); There were no significant differences in acetic acid, isovaleric acid, isobutyric acid and propionic acid in experimental groups compared with control group (<i>p</i> > 0.05). (3) The Occludin content in duodenum, jejunum and ileum of groups I and II was significantly higher than that of control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (4) At the phylum level, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phylum in each group. At the genus level, <i>norank_f__norank_o__Clostridia_UCG-014</i> in group II were significantly higher than those in control group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). In conclusion, although dietary JCGLPP supplementation could not improve slaughter performance of Minxinan black rabbits, it could improve cecal fermentation parameters and intestinal flora structure and composition of Minxinan black rabbits to a certain extent. Our results revealed that 100 mg·kg<sup>-1</sup> might be the optimal concentration obtained in dietary JCGLPP supplementation, which provided ideas and feasibility for drug combination.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41101388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2258166
Aimin Zhou, Yi Ding, Xiaohui Zhang, Yugang Zhou, Yadong Liu, Tingjian Li, Long Xiao
In this study, we evaluated the copy number variation in the genomes of two groups of Beichuan-white goat populations with large differences in litter size by FST method, and identified 1739 genes and 485 missense mutations in the genes subject to positive selection. Through functional enrichment, ITGAV, LRP4, CDH23, TPRN, RYR2 and CELSR1 genes, involved in embryonic morphogenesis, were essential for litter size trait, which received intensive attention. In addition, some mutation sites of these genes have been proposed (ITGAV: c.38C > T; TPRN: c.133A > T, c.1192A > G, c.1250A > C; CELSR1: c.7640T > C), whose allele frequencies were significantly changed in the high fecundity goat group. Besides, we found that new mutations at these sites altered the hydrophilicity and 3D structure of the protein. Candidate genes related to litter size in this study and their missense mutation sites were identified. These candidate genes are helpful to understand the genetic mechanism of fecundity in Beichuan white goat, and have important significance for future goat breeding.
{"title":"Whole-genome resequencing reveals new mutations in candidate genes for Beichuan-white goat prolificacya.","authors":"Aimin Zhou, Yi Ding, Xiaohui Zhang, Yugang Zhou, Yadong Liu, Tingjian Li, Long Xiao","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2258166","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2023.2258166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we evaluated the copy number variation in the genomes of two groups of Beichuan-white goat populations with large differences in litter size by <i>F</i><sub>ST</sub> method, and identified 1739 genes and 485 missense mutations in the genes subject to positive selection. Through functional enrichment, <i>ITGAV, LRP4, CDH23, TPRN, RYR2</i> and <i>CELSR1</i> genes, involved in <i>embryonic morphogenesis</i>, were essential for litter size trait, which received intensive attention. In addition, some mutation sites of these genes have been proposed (<i>ITGAV</i>: c.38C > T; <i>TPRN</i>: c.133A > T, c.1192A > G, c.1250A > C; <i>CELSR1</i>: c.7640T > C), whose allele frequencies were significantly changed in the high fecundity goat group. Besides, we found that new mutations at these sites altered the hydrophilicity and 3D structure of the protein. Candidate genes related to litter size in this study and their missense mutation sites were identified. These candidate genes are helpful to understand the genetic mechanism of fecundity in Beichuan white goat, and have important significance for future goat breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41105444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-01-23DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2307020
Shazia Qadir, Muhammad Latif, Wen-Feng Wu, Fengqin Feng, Wadi B Alonazi, Arwah Amjad, Chien-Chin Chen, Zia Ur Rehman, Adil Khan, Furhan Iqbal
Economy of Pakistan is heavily dependent upon agriculture and extensive use of pesticide is quiet common to enhance the crop yield. Imidacloprid is among the first choice pesticides in Pakistan and it has been reported that through run off along with water it ends up in water bodies affecting non target aquatic fauna. Through the present investigation, we are reporting the effects of Imidacloprid on the fatty acids composition of a non-target, commercially important carp: Labeo rohita. Fish were exposed to sub lethal concentration of Imidacloprid (120 mgL1) for 2, 4 and 8 days (short term) as well as for 16, 32 and 64 days (long term experimental conditions). Pesticide untreated controls were also maintained for each treatment. Following the specific Imidacloprid exposure, fatty acid composition (%) was determined in the muscle of all experimental groups by using gas chromatography. Fish exposed to Imidacloprid for 8 days had reduced Palmitic acid (p = 0.02) and elevated muscle Arachidic acid (p < 0.001) than control group. Labeo rohita exposed to the pesticide for 32 days had elevated muscle Oleic (p = 0.02) and Linoleic acid (p = 0.02) while fish exposed to Imidacloprid to 64 days had reduced muscle Palmitic (p = 0.04) and Oleic acid (p = 0.03). In conclusion, we are reporting that the exposure to sub lethal concentration of Imidacloprid disturb the muscle fatty acid composition of Labeo rohita that may affect its food quality. The effects were more pronounced under long term experimental conditions and were probably due to potentiating lipid peroxidation and disturbed fish metabolism upon Imidacloprid exposure.
{"title":"Exposure to Imidacloprid under variable conditions disturbs the muscle fatty acid profile of a fresh water non target fish: <i>Labeo rohita</i>.","authors":"Shazia Qadir, Muhammad Latif, Wen-Feng Wu, Fengqin Feng, Wadi B Alonazi, Arwah Amjad, Chien-Chin Chen, Zia Ur Rehman, Adil Khan, Furhan Iqbal","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2307020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2307020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Economy of Pakistan is heavily dependent upon agriculture and extensive use of pesticide is quiet common to enhance the crop yield. Imidacloprid is among the first choice pesticides in Pakistan and it has been reported that through run off along with water it ends up in water bodies affecting non target aquatic fauna. Through the present investigation, we are reporting the effects of Imidacloprid on the fatty acids composition of a non-target, commercially important carp: <i>Labeo rohita</i>. Fish were exposed to sub lethal concentration of Imidacloprid (120 mgL<sup>1</sup>) for 2, 4 and 8 days (short term) as well as for 16, 32 and 64 days (long term experimental conditions). Pesticide untreated controls were also maintained for each treatment. Following the specific Imidacloprid exposure, fatty acid composition (%) was determined in the muscle of all experimental groups by using gas chromatography. Fish exposed to Imidacloprid for 8 days had reduced Palmitic acid (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and elevated muscle Arachidic acid (<i>p</i> < 0.001) than control group. <i>Labeo rohita</i> exposed to the pesticide for 32 days had elevated muscle Oleic (<i>p</i> = 0.02) and Linoleic acid (<i>p</i> = 0.02) while fish exposed to Imidacloprid to 64 days had reduced muscle Palmitic (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and Oleic acid (<i>p</i> = 0.03). In conclusion, we are reporting that the exposure to sub lethal concentration of Imidacloprid disturb the muscle fatty acid composition of <i>Labeo rohita</i> that may affect its food quality. The effects were more pronounced under long term experimental conditions and were probably due to potentiating lipid peroxidation and disturbed fish metabolism upon Imidacloprid exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139519254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2309955
Mustafa Bastamy, Ismail Raheel, Ahmed Elbestawy, Mohamed Diab, Enas Hammad, Lamiaa Elebeedy, Amal M El-Barbary, Ghadeer M Albadrani, Mohamed M Abdel-Daim, Mervat A Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Orabi
Lysozymes, efficient alternative supplements to antibiotics, have several benefits in poultry production. In the present study, 120, one-day-old, Ross 308 broiler chickens of mixed sex, were allocated into 2 equal groups, lysozyme treated group (LTG) and lysozyme free group (LFG), to evaluate the efficacy of lysozyme (Lysonir®) usage via both drinking water (thrice) and spray (once). LTG had better (p = 0.042) FCR, and higher European production efficiency factor compared to LFG (p = 0.042). The intestinal integrity score of LTG was decreased (p = 0.242) compared to that of LFG; 0.2 vs. 0.7. Higher (p ≤ 0.001) intestinal Lactobacillus counts were detected in chickens of LTG. Decreased (p ≤ 0.001) IL-1β and CXCL8 values were reported in LTG. The cellular immune modulation showed higher (p ≤ 0.001) opsonic activity (MΦ and phagocytic index) in LTG vs. LFG at 25 and 35 days. Also, higher (p ≤ 0.001) local, IgA, and humoral, HI titers, for both Newcastle, and avian influenza H5 viruses were found in LTG compared to LFG. In conclusion, microbial lysozyme could improve feed efficiency, intestinal integrity, Lactobacillus counts, anti-inflammatory, and immune responses in broiler chickens.
{"title":"Postbiotic, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects of aqueous microbial lysozyme in broiler chickens.","authors":"Mustafa Bastamy, Ismail Raheel, Ahmed Elbestawy, Mohamed Diab, Enas Hammad, Lamiaa Elebeedy, Amal M El-Barbary, Ghadeer M Albadrani, Mohamed M Abdel-Daim, Mervat A Abdel-Latif, Ahmed Orabi","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2309955","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2309955","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lysozymes, efficient alternative supplements to antibiotics, have several benefits in poultry production. In the present study, 120, one-day-old, Ross 308 broiler chickens of mixed sex, were allocated into 2 equal groups, lysozyme treated group (LTG) and lysozyme free group (LFG), to evaluate the efficacy of lysozyme (Lysonir<sup>®</sup>) usage via both drinking water (thrice) and spray (once). LTG had better (<i>p</i> = 0.042) FCR, and higher European production efficiency factor compared to LFG (<i>p</i> = 0.042). The intestinal integrity score of LTG was decreased (<i>p</i> = 0.242) compared to that of LFG; 0.2 vs. 0.7. Higher (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) intestinal Lactobacillus counts were detected in chickens of LTG. Decreased (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) IL-1β and CXCL8 values were reported in LTG. The cellular immune modulation showed higher (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) opsonic activity (MΦ and phagocytic index) in LTG vs. LFG at 25 and 35 days. Also, higher (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.001) local, IgA, and humoral, HI titers, for both Newcastle, and avian influenza H5 viruses were found in LTG compared to LFG. In conclusion, microbial lysozyme could improve feed efficiency, intestinal integrity, <i>Lactobacillus</i> counts, anti-inflammatory, and immune responses in broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139696820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Different antibiotics are used to treat mastitis in dairy cows that is caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli). Antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals in China has been monitored since 2000. Surveillance data have shown that the prevalence of multiresistant E. coli in animals has increased significantly. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of resistance determinants in E. coli strains (n = 105) obtained from lactating cows with clinical bovine mastitis (CBM) in China. A total of 220 cows with clinical mastitis, which has swollen mammary udder with reduced and red or gangrenous milk, were selected from 5000 cows. The results showed 94.3% of the isolates were recognized as multidrug resistant. The isolates (30.5%) were positive for the class I integrase gene along with seven gene cassettes that were accountable for resistance to trimethoprim resistance (dfrA17, dfr2d and dfrA1), aminoglycosides resistance (aadA1 and aadA5) and chloramphenicol resistance (catB3 and catB2), respectively. The blaTEM gene was present in all the isolates, and these carried the blaCTX gene. A double mutation in gyrA (i.e., Ser83Leu and Asp87Asn) was observed in all fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. In total, nine fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates were identified with five different types of mutations in parC. In four (44.4%) isolates, Ser458Ala was present in parE, and in all nine (9/9) fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates, Pro385Ala was present in gyrB. Meanwhile, fluoroquinolone was observed as highly resistant, especially in isolates with gyrA and parC mutations. In summary, the findings of this research recognize the fluoroquinolone resistance mechanism and disclose integron prevalence and ESBLs in E. coli isolates from lactating cattle with CBM.
{"title":"Prevalence and molecular characterization of multi-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> isolates from clinical bovine mastitis in China.","authors":"Hongxia Zhao, Hailan Ma, Chen Song, Shuting Fan, Hongliang Fan, Weiguang Zhou, Jinshan Cao","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2322541","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2322541","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Different antibiotics are used to treat mastitis in dairy cows that is caused by <i>Escherichia coli (E. coli).</i> Antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals in China has been monitored since 2000. Surveillance data have shown that the prevalence of multiresistant <i>E. coli</i> in animals has increased significantly. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence and molecular characteristics of resistance determinants in <i>E. coli</i> strains (<i>n</i> = 105) obtained from lactating cows with clinical bovine mastitis (CBM) in China. A total of 220 cows with clinical mastitis, which has swollen mammary udder with reduced and red or gangrenous milk, were selected from 5000 cows. The results showed 94.3% of the isolates were recognized as multidrug resistant. The isolates (30.5%) were positive for the class I integrase gene along with seven gene cassettes that were accountable for resistance to trimethoprim resistance (<i>dfrA17, dfr2d</i> and <i>dfrA1</i>), aminoglycosides resistance (<i>aadA1</i> and <i>aadA5</i>) and chloramphenicol resistance (<i>catB3</i> and <i>catB2</i>), respectively. The <i>bla</i><sub>TEM</sub> gene was present in all the isolates, and these carried the <i>bla</i><sub>CTX</sub> gene. A double mutation in <i>gyrA</i> (i.e., Ser83Leu and Asp87Asn) was observed in all fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. In total, nine fluoroquinolone-resistant <i>E. coli</i> isolates were identified with five different types of mutations in <i>parC</i>. In four (44.4%) isolates, Ser458Ala was present in parE, and in all nine (9/9) fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates, Pro385Ala was present in gyrB. Meanwhile, fluoroquinolone was observed as highly resistant, especially in isolates with <i>gyrA</i> and <i>parC</i> mutations. In summary, the findings of this research recognize the fluoroquinolone resistance mechanism and disclose integron prevalence and ESBLs in <i>E. coli</i> isolates from lactating cattle with CBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140118581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-03-25DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2331640
Man Wang, Zongze He, Zhaolong Xiong, Hongwei Liu, Xiang Zhou, Jian He
The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E (VE) or grape seed extract (GSE) on the growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers. Two hundred sixteen broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 3 diets: diet supplemented with oxidized rice bran oil (CN group), CN group with 25 mg/kg VE or 100 mg/kg GSE. Dietary VE or GSE improved the growth performance, reverted the disturbed levels of liver antioxidant enzymes, and reduced liver damage of broilers fed oxidized rice bran oil. The mRNA data showed that supplementation of VE or GSE enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the broiler liver through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. The results suggested that VE and GSE can increase weight gain, improve the oxidative status, and alleviate liver injury in broiler chicken fed oxidized rice bran oil.
{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of grape seed extract in comparison with excessive level of vitamin E on growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers.","authors":"Man Wang, Zongze He, Zhaolong Xiong, Hongwei Liu, Xiang Zhou, Jian He","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2331640","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2024.2331640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin E (VE) or grape seed extract (GSE) on the growth performance and antioxidant function of broilers. Two hundred sixteen broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 3 diets: diet supplemented with oxidized rice bran oil (CN group), CN group with 25 mg/kg VE or 100 mg/kg GSE. Dietary VE or GSE improved the growth performance, reverted the disturbed levels of liver antioxidant enzymes, and reduced liver damage of broilers fed oxidized rice bran oil. The mRNA data showed that supplementation of VE or GSE enhanced the antioxidant capacity of the broiler liver through activation of the Keap1-Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. The results suggested that VE and GSE can increase weight gain, improve the oxidative status, and alleviate liver injury in broiler chicken fed oxidized rice bran oil.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140206211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}