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Identification and genetic diversity of ticks in local sheep in Samarra city, Northern of Baghdad, Iraq. 伊拉克巴格达北部萨迈拉市当地绵羊蜱虫的鉴定和遗传多样性。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70039
Maulood M Shather, Dalia Ahmed Kalef

This study reported hard tick (Ixodida: Ixodidae) infestation in sheep of Samara city, north of Baghdad, from June to December 2023. A total of 480 ticks were manually pulled out from the sheep with an ethanol-soaked tissue and preserved in plastic containers containing 70% ethyl alcohol. All samples were counted and examined individually under a light microscope to identify the genus. Preliminary microscopic examination revealed that the majority of the collected ticks were Hyalomma, with 91.4%, followed by Rhipicephalus (6.8%) and Ixodes (1.8%). Furthermore, Hyalomma was dominant across all months, with a peak relative abundance in October (100%). The peak relative abundances for Rhipicephalus (16%) and Ixodes (4.3%) occurred in July. Under further microscopic evaluation, morphological features demonstrated three species, namely, Hyalomma detritum (Koch), Hy. anatolicum (Koch) and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Latreille). To confirm genera and species, molecular diagnosis was performed, based on the COX1 gene, resulting in the identification of five species, namely, Hy. detritum, Hy. anatolicum, Hy. excavatum (Koch, 1844), Rh. sanguineus sensu lato and an unidentified Ixodes sp. While the Ixodes scapularis isolation unexpectedly revealed genetic resemblance to North American samples, indicating a wider geographical spread, the Hyalomma and Rhipicephalus isolates shared ancestry with other Middle Eastern strains, demonstrating regional genetic stability. These results showed the comprehensive diversity of tick species in sheep, including Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus and Ixodes, and also provided good epidemiological data to support the preventative procedures of tick-borne infections in Samarra city.

本研究报告了2023年6 - 12月巴格达北部萨马拉市绵羊中硬蜱(伊蚊科:伊蚊科)的侵害情况。用乙醇浸泡的组织从羊身上人工取出480只蜱虫,保存在含有70%乙醇的塑料容器中。所有样品在光镜下单独计数和检查,以确定属。镜检结果显示,蜱类以透明体蜱居多,占91.4%,其次为鼻头蜱(6.8%)和硬蜱(1.8%)。此外,透明瘤在所有月份均占主导地位,相对丰度在10月份达到峰值(100%)。棘头属(16%)和硬蚊(4.3%)的相对丰度在7月达到峰值。进一步显微镜观察,形态特征显示为3种,即Hyalomma detritum (Koch)、Hy. anatolicum (Koch)和Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (Latreille)。为确定属种,基于COX1基因进行分子诊断,鉴定出5个种,分别为:hyh . detritum、hyh . anatolicum、hyh . excavatum (Koch, 1844)、hyh . detritum、hyh . anatolicum。尽管肩胛骨伊蚊的分离出人意料地揭示了与北美样本的遗传相似性,表明其具有更广泛的地理分布,但Hyalomma和Rhipicephalus分离物与其他中东菌株具有共同的祖先,显示了区域遗传稳定性。结果表明,绵羊中蜱虫种类较为丰富,包括透明蜱、鼻头蜱和硬蜱,为萨迈拉市蜱传感染的预防工作提供了良好的流行病学数据。
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引用次数: 0
Development of Novel Egg Yolk Antibody (IgY)-Based Immunological Tools for the Early Detection of White Spot Syndrome Virus in Shrimp. 基于卵黄抗体(IgY)的对虾白斑综合征病毒早期检测免疫工具的建立
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70056
Kanimozhi Kumarasamy, Taju Gani, Abdul Majeed Seepoo, Nafeez Ahmed Abdul, Mohana Subramanian Bhaskaran, Maroudam Veerasami, Sahul Hameed Azeez Sait

The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a major threat to shrimp farming and causes substantial economic losses in aquaculture. The VP28 envelope protein of WSSV facilitates initial systemic infection in shrimp. Although mammalian-derived antibodies are used for diagnostic tests, high costs and animal welfare concerns necessitate alternative strategies. This study produced specific yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) by immunising laying hens with the VP28 envelope protein as a cost-effective alternative for WSSV detection. IgY antibody titres and specificity were assessed using ELISA and western blotting, and their performance was compared with that of IgG rabbit antibodies. Stability was tested under various pH and salinity conditions. A time-course infectivity experiment analysed infection progression. Western blot analysis using IgY detected WSSV in shrimp samples at 6 h post-infection (h p.i.) in the haemolymph and eyestalk. By 12 h p.i., the gills, head soft tissue, appendages and other organs showed positive. Shrimp mortality occurred at 36 h p.i. Western blot findings matched those of IgG rabbit antibodies, proving that IgY antibodies were viable. Based on these findings, a validation study was conducted using 55 field samples collected from various regions of India. IgY serves as an innovative biological recognition component for early diagnosis of WSSV, offering an ethical and economical option for disease management in aquaculture.

白斑综合征病毒(WSSV)是对虾养殖的主要威胁,对水产养殖业造成重大经济损失。WSSV的VP28包膜蛋白促进了对虾的初始全身感染。尽管哺乳动物来源的抗体被用于诊断测试,但高昂的成本和对动物福利的担忧使人们不得不采取替代策略。本研究通过用VP28包膜蛋白免疫蛋鸡产生特异性卵黄免疫球蛋白(IgY),作为检测WSSV的一种经济有效的替代方法。采用ELISA和western blotting检测IgY抗体滴度和特异性,并与兔IgG抗体进行比较。在不同的pH和盐度条件下测试了稳定性。时间过程感染性实验分析了感染的进展。免疫印迹法检测感染后6小时(hpi)虾血淋巴和眼柄WSSV。到12时,鳃、头部软组织、附属物和其他器官呈阳性。免疫印迹结果与兔IgG抗体吻合,证明IgY抗体是有活性的。基于这些发现,使用从印度不同地区收集的55个实地样本进行了一项验证研究。IgY作为一种创新的生物识别成分,可用于WSSV的早期诊断,为水产养殖业的疾病管理提供一种伦理和经济的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Prospection of Autochthonous Lactic Acid Bacteria Displaying Probiotic Potential to Enhance Colossoma macropomum Larvae Growth and Immunoprotection Against Aeromonas hydrophila. 具有益生菌潜力的原生乳酸菌促进巨像幼虫生长及对嗜水气单胞菌免疫保护的研究进展。
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-20 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70061
Thayná M Dos Santos, Layana A B Pereira, Laine P C Dos Santos, Andrya L Lopes, Larissa A F Sampaio, Graziella V G de Matos Silva, Juliana N Ferreira, Gleika T J Dos Reis, Jonny B Teixeira, Raimundo J T Diniz-Neto, Laura G M de Carvalho, Michelle Midori Sena Fugimura, Luciano Jensen Vaz, Silvia E Plaul, Gustavo S Claudiano

This study assessed the functional potential of autochthonous lactic acid bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) as larviculture probiotics. Five strains were selected and identified as belonging to the genus Weissella. In vitro assays revealed high tolerance to acidic pH (2.0-3.0), resistance to bile salts (10%), biofilm formation capacity, hydrophobicity and direct Aeromonas hydrophila inhibition. In in vivo tests, strains M13 and M14 promoted significant increases in tambaqui survival (72.2% and 68.7%; p < 0.05) and growth (standard length and eye diameter), as well as water quality (nitrite reduction), highlighting multiple beneficial effects. Innate immunity was activated, with total protein level (I3 and M14) and agglutinating titre (M13 and M14) increases. Intestinal colonisation was confirmed by bacterial counts, and the observed effects were consistent with adhesive and antimicrobial strain properties. The findings demonstrate a synergistic interaction between probiotics, hosts and pathogens, with integrated health, performance and environmental stability benefits. Strains M13 and M14 are, thus, promising alternatives to the use of antibiotics in intensive aquaculture systems, contributing to sustainable and safe tropical fish production strategies.

本研究评估了从大巨像(Colossoma macropomum)胃肠道中分离的原生乳酸菌作为幼体养殖益生菌的功能潜力。经鉴定,5株菌株属于魏塞拉属。体外实验显示,该菌对酸性pH值(2.0-3.0)具有较高的耐受性,对胆盐的抗性(10%),生物膜形成能力,疏水性和直接嗜水气单胞菌的抑制作用。在体内试验中,菌株M13和M14显著提高了坦巴基蚊的存活率(72.2%和68.7%)
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of Optical Coherence Tomography for Metastatic Lymph Node Identification in Canine Oral Malignant Melanoma. 光学相干断层扫描对犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤转移淋巴结鉴别的评价。
IF 1.9 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1111/vco.70037
Yi-Fan Shen, Janis M Lapsley, Gabrielle Fontes, Carley Johnson, Hannah Weaver, Jocosa Yasenchack, Christina Orona, Nikesh Patel, Jorge Santa Mignucci, Ryan Jennings, Laura E Selmic

Canine oral malignant melanoma (OMM) has a high potential for lymph node (LN) metastasis. Standard care involves surgical excision of the OMM with sentinel and draining LNs regardless of metastatic status but carries the risk of complications. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a rapid, noninvasive imaging modality that has been evaluated for LN metastasis detection in human breast cancer but not yet translated to canines. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare OCT imaging features from nonmetastatic and metastatic LNs with corresponding histopathology and (2) evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of OCT imaging in identifying metastatic LNs. Thirteen dogs with OMM were prospectively enrolled and sentinel LNs were identified by indirect computed tomography lymphography. OMM and draining LNs were surgically removed. Excised LNs (n = 50) from thirteen dogs were imaged with OCT and submitted for histopathology. OCT images of 18 LNs from the first five enrolled dogs were compared to histopathology to identify image features of metastatic and nonmetastatic LNs and identify images for observer training. The subsequent OCT images of 32 LNs of eight dogs were used to generate a test set for six observers with varying OCT experience for assessment of diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity, and correct classification rate of OCT imaging for OMM LN metastasis in dogs was 75% (95% CI: 61.2%-85.1%), 76.6% (95% CI: 70.1%-82.0%), and 76.3% (95% CI: 70.5%-81.2%), respectively. OCT image features of nonmetastatic and metastatic LNs show diagnostic potential for intraoperative detection of OMM LN metastasis.

犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤(OMM)具有很高的淋巴结(LN)转移的潜力。标准治疗包括手术切除带有前哨和引流淋巴结的OMM,无论转移情况如何,但有并发症的风险。光学相干断层扫描(OCT)是一种快速、无创的成像方式,已被评估用于人类乳腺癌淋巴结转移检测,但尚未应用于犬类。本研究的目的是:(1)比较非转移性和转移性淋巴结的OCT成像特征和相应的组织病理学;(2)评估OCT成像在鉴别转移性淋巴结方面的诊断准确性。13只患有OMM的狗前瞻性入选,通过间接计算机断层扫描淋巴造影确定前哨淋巴结。手术切除OMM和引流淋巴结。对13只犬切除的50个淋巴结进行OCT成像并进行组织病理学检查。将来自前5只入组犬的18个淋巴结的OCT图像与组织病理学进行比较,以识别转移性和非转移性淋巴结的图像特征,并识别用于观察者训练的图像。随后的8只狗32个LNs的OCT图像被用来为6个具有不同OCT经验的观察者生成一个测试集,以评估诊断的准确性。OCT成像对犬OMM LN转移的敏感性为75% (95% CI: 61.2% ~ 85.1%),特异性为76.6% (95% CI: 70.1% ~ 82.0%),正确分类率为76.3% (95% CI: 70.5% ~ 81.2%)。非转移性和转移性淋巴结的OCT图像特征显示术中检测OMM淋巴结转移的诊断潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling the Past: A Retrospective Detection of Lactococcus petauri in Farmed European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in the Tyrrhenian Sea. 揭开过去:第勒尼安海养殖欧洲鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)中petauri乳球菌的回顾性检测。
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70048
Giuseppe Esposito, Silvia Colussi, Giorgia Bignami, Marialetizia Fioravanti, Paolo Pastorino, Fabio Bondavalli, Marino Prearo, Andrea Gustinelli

Lactococcus petauri is an emerging bacterial pathogen associated with disease outbreaks in freshwater and marine fish species worldwide. While it has been increasingly reported in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, no official records of L. petauri have yet been made in Italy for saltwater species. This study reports, for the first time, the presence of L. petauri in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) farmed in land-based tanks along the south-western coast of Italy, based on a retrospective analysis of previously isolated strains. Although only a single isolate was positive, the finding is of notable significance as it originated from a sample collected in 2012. This temporal aspect highlights the likelihood that L. petauri has been circulating in Italian aquaculture systems for at least a decade. The isolate also exhibited a broad antimicrobial resistance profile, including resistance to amoxicillin, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The historical misidentification of L. petauri is linked to its clinical similarity with Lactococcus garvieae. This highlights the value of re-analysing archived strains with modern tools and underlines the need for accurate diagnostics in aquaculture. The detection in D. labrax extends the known host range and suggests a longer, undetected presence in the Mediterranean.

petauri乳球菌是一种新兴的细菌病原体,与世界范围内淡水和海洋鱼类疾病暴发有关。虽然在地中海沿岸的国家有越来越多的报道,但在意大利还没有关于咸水物种的正式记录。本研究基于对先前分离菌株的回顾性分析,首次报道了在意大利西南海岸陆基池中养殖的欧洲鲈鱼(Dicentrarchus labrax)中存在L. petauri。虽然只有一株分离物呈阳性,但这一发现具有重要意义,因为它来自2012年收集的样本。这一时间性方面突出表明,小波氏乳杆菌在意大利水产养殖系统中流传了至少十年的可能性。该分离物还显示出广泛的抗微生物药物耐药性,包括对阿莫西林、氟喹诺酮类药物和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑的耐药性。历史上对牛乳杆菌的误认与它与garvieae乳球菌的临床相似性有关。这突出了用现代工具重新分析存档菌株的价值,并强调了在水产养殖中进行准确诊断的必要性。在拉布拉克斯疟原虫中的发现扩大了已知宿主的范围,并表明在地中海存在的时间更长,但未被发现。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid Visual Detection of Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1) by RPA Combined With LFS. RPA联合LFS快速检测十足虫彩虹病毒1型(DIV1)
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70052
Quanling Mu, Cunbao Ding, Ying Xie, Xi Zhen, Xianrui Wang, Tongaobo Qi, Jiaming Zhang, Yakun Yu

Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) causes severe disease outbreaks in shrimp and crab culture areas. A simple, rapid, and visual DIV1 assay is important for the control of viral diseases. This study presented a novel DIV1 detection method that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow strip (LFS). After selecting primers and probes, we optimised the concentration of the reverse primers, reaction time, as well as reaction temperature of RPA-LFS detection. RPA can amplify the target gene within 18 min at a constant temperature of 38°C, and LFS can observe the amplification results within 3 min. Importantly, there is no cross-reactivity with other infectable shrimp viruses and pathogens, such as WSSV, IHHNV, TSV, EHP, CMNV, YHV, MrNV samples, as well as VpAHPND. In addition, RPA-LFS has high detection sensitivity, with a lower detection limit of 1.12 × 101 copies/μL. Using 110 field samples, the results of qPCR recommended by WOAH (OIE) and RPA-LFS were identical, indicating that RPA-LFS is as reliable as qPCR. The RPA-LFS assay is a valuable tool for the rapid and accurate detection of DIV1.

十足类虹彩病毒1 (DIV1)在虾蟹养殖区引起严重的疾病暴发。一种简单、快速、直观的DIV1检测方法对病毒性疾病的控制具有重要意义。本研究提出了一种结合重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)和横向流动条带(LFS)检测DIV1的新方法。在选择引物和探针后,对RPA-LFS检测的反引物浓度、反应时间和反应温度进行优化。在38℃恒温条件下,RPA可在18 min内扩增目的基因,LFS可在3 min内观察扩增结果。重要的是,与WSSV、IHHNV、TSV、EHP、CMNV、YHV、MrNV样品以及VpAHPND等其他传染性虾病毒和病原体无交叉反应性。RPA-LFS具有较高的检测灵敏度,检测限为1.12 × 101拷贝/μL。在110份野外样品中,WOAH (OIE)推荐的qPCR结果与RPA-LFS结果一致,表明RPA-LFS与qPCR一样可靠。RPA-LFS是快速、准确检测DIV1的一种有价值的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia aktasi in a wild bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus): Overlap with domestic goat strains. 野生牛黄山羊嗜吞噬细胞无原体和阿克塔西巴贝斯虫的检测:与家山羊菌株重叠。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70003
Aykut Zerek, Tuğba Özdemir, Maide Nur Gündoğdu, İpek Erdem, Ömer Orkun

This study reports the first detection of Babesia aktasi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus), providing insight into the presence of these pathogens in wild caprinae. The infected goat exhibited a localised ocular infection but showed no clinical signs of acute piroplasmid or Anaplasma infections. Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed low parasitemia of intra- and extraerythrocytic piroplasms and intragranulocytic morulae, consistent with chronic infection. PCR and sequence analysis confirmed that the Babesia species detected was B. aktasi, a recently described piroplasmid previously reported in domestic goats. Phylogenetic analysis placed the B. aktasi haplotype within the Babesia sensu stricto clade, closely related to sequences from domestic goats in Türkiye and an uncharacterised Babesia sp. from a red deer. The A. phagocytophilum strain detected in this study belonged to ecotype 1, which includes human pathogenic strains. These findings raise the possibility that bezoar goats may contribute to the natural maintenance of B. aktasi and A. phagocytophilum, highlighting their potential involvement in the enzootic cycles of these pathogens alongside domestic caprinae. Given that bezoar goats are the ancestors of modern domestic goats and that their habitats overlap in Anatolia, further research is needed to better understand the transmission dynamics, vector associations and zoonotic potential of these pathogens.

本研究报道了首次在牛黄山羊(Capra aegagrus)中检测到阿克塔西巴贝虫和嗜吞噬细胞无原体,为深入了解这些病原体在野生山羊中的存在提供了依据。受感染的山羊表现出局部眼部感染,但没有急性螺粒或无原体感染的临床症状。镜检血涂片显示红细胞内和红细胞外的弓形体和粒细胞内的桑葚胚低寄生虫血症,与慢性感染一致。PCR和序列分析证实,检测到的巴贝斯虫为阿克塔西巴贝斯虫,这是一种最近在山羊中报道的螺旋体质粒。系统发育分析将阿克塔西巴贝斯虫单倍型置于严格感觉巴贝斯虫进化支中,与来自基耶山羊的序列和来自马鹿的一种未表征的巴贝斯虫种序列密切相关。本研究检测到的嗜吞噬芽胞杆菌属生态型1,包括人致病性菌株。这些发现提高了牛黄山羊可能有助于阿克塔西芽孢杆菌和嗜吞噬细胞芽孢杆菌的自然维持的可能性,突出了它们与国内caprinae一起参与这些病原体的地方性循环的潜在作用。鉴于牛粪山羊是现代家山羊的祖先,并且它们在安纳托利亚的栖息地重叠,需要进一步研究以更好地了解这些病原体的传播动态、媒介关联和人畜共患的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Species delimitation of the Afrotropical and Palaearctic Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy and discovery of two new species in Afrotropics. 非洲热带和古北区栉水母的种划分及非洲热带两新种的发现。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70011
Drashti R Parmar, Nikolas P Johnston, Mergi Daba Dinka, Krzysztof Szpila

The blowflies (Calliphoridae) represent a significant portion of schizophoran fly diversity, comprising approximately 2000 known species. Among them, the genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy is one of the largest, with over 100 species primarily distributed in the Holarctic Region and Australasia. Blowflies include several ubiquitous species and are primarily recognised for their medical and veterinary importance. In the Afrotropics, Calliphora was previously known from only two species: the native Calliphora croceipalpis Jaennicke and the introduced Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy. Two new distinctive species of Calliphora collected during recent fieldwork in Ethiopia are described using methods of integrative taxonomy. Calliphora teraramma sp. n. is characterised by peculiar male genitalia, with large cerci and a minute phallus. Calliphora mesay sp. n. is characterised by morphological and molecular traits, a close relative of the cosmopolitan C. vicina. In addition, we developed a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode reference library for Palaearctic and Afrotropical Calliphora species, including 33 newly generated barcodes. Molecular species delimitation analyses using the software Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP), implemented through the recently developed integrative platform Spart Explorer, largely support morphological species concepts.

吹头蝇(吹头蝇科)是裂蝇科蝇类的重要组成部分,已知种类约有2000种。其中,Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy属是最大的属之一,有100多种,主要分布在全北极地区和澳大拉西亚。苍蝇包括几种普遍存在的物种,主要因其医学和兽医重要性而得到认可。在非洲热带地区,以前只从两个物种中知道Calliphora croceipalpis Jaennicke和引进的Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy。本文用综合分类学方法描述了最近在埃塞俄比亚田野调查中收集到的两个新的独特种。奇特的雄性生殖器,有大的尾骨和微小的阴茎。Calliphora mesay sp. n.以形态和分子特征为特征,是世界性的C. vicina的近亲。此外,我们还建立了古北区和非洲热带区Calliphora物种的细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I (COI)条形码参考文库,包括33个新生成的条形码。通过最近开发的集成平台Spart Explorer实现的软件Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD)和Assemble species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP)进行分子物种划分分析,在很大程度上支持形态学物种概念。
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引用次数: 0
Hippobosca equina: Influences on oxidative stress and immune-regulating cytokine responses in horses. 马海马:对马氧化应激和免疫调节细胞因子反应的影响。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70041
Menna A El-Geneady, Reem M Ramadan, Olfat A Mahdy, Mohamed S Kamel, Mai A Salem

Hippobosca equina, a common ectoparasite of horses, poses a significant challenge to equine health worldwide. This study provides a molecular characterization of H. equina and examines its impact on host immune responses and oxidative stress. Genetic analysis of samples from various regions revealed notable homogeneity, indicating limited genetic variation among populations. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated close genetic relationships among sequences from Egypt, France, Kazakhstan and Portugal, while also showing comparable but more distant identities to sequences from China, Denmark, Finland and other countries. Infested horses exhibited elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, relative to uninfested control horses, indicating a strong immune response to the parasite. Additionally, there was a significant increase in oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide, indicating substantial cellular damage. These findings highlight the dual impact of H. equina infestations on horse health, prompting both immune activation and oxidative stress. This study emphasizes the importance of targeted pest management strategies that consider the genetic uniformity of parasites and host physiological responses. By providing valuable insights into the complex host-parasite interactions between H. equina and equine hosts, this research enhances our understanding of equine ectoparasites and suggests potential avenues for improving horse health and welfare.

马斑马驹是一种常见的马外寄生虫,对全世界马的健康构成了重大挑战。本研究提供了马蹄铁的分子特征,并研究了其对宿主免疫反应和氧化应激的影响。不同地区样本的遗传分析显示出显著的同质性,表明种群间遗传变异有限。系统发育分析表明,来自埃及、法国、哈萨克斯坦和葡萄牙的序列具有密切的遗传关系,同时也显示了与来自中国、丹麦、芬兰和其他国家的序列相似但距离较远的特征。与未感染的对照马相比,被感染的马表现出较高的促炎细胞因子水平,包括IL-6、TNF-α和IFN-γ,表明对寄生虫有很强的免疫反应。此外,氧化应激标志物(包括丙二醛、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和一氧化氮)显著增加,表明细胞受到严重损伤。这些发现强调了马马蹄铁侵染对马健康的双重影响,促进免疫激活和氧化应激。本研究强调了考虑寄生物遗传均匀性和寄主生理反应的有针对性害虫管理策略的重要性。本研究为马弓形虫和马宿主之间复杂的宿主-寄生虫相互作用提供了有价值的见解,增强了我们对马体外寄生虫的理解,并为改善马的健康和福利提供了潜在的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Lymphoma in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus): A case series. 欧洲刺猬淋巴瘤:一个病例系列。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251367380
Yannick Van de Weyer, Steve Bexton, Emanuele Ricci, Julian Chantrey, Valerie Tilston, Eva Dervas, Frauke Seehusen, Ana Gomez-Vitores, Liz Nabb, Hannah Kitchen, Hannah Tombs, Nick Woodger, Guido Rocchigiani

Neoplasia is rarely reported in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). A retrospective search was conducted by contacting multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories for cases of lymphoma in European hedgehogs. This resulted in 5 cases, from which clinical, gross, histologic, and immunophenotyping findings were recorded. Most animals (3/5) had skin masses involving the cervical region, 1 hedgehog had dyspnea and lethargy associated with hydrothorax, whereas another exhibited icterus and lethargy. The primary site of the lymphoma was the skin, particularly the neck or head (3/5), the thymus (1/5), and multicentric (1/5). Immunophenotyping confirmed B-cell lymphoma in 2 skin cases, a T-cell lineage for the thymic and multicentric cases, and undetermined for the remaining skin lymphoma. CD3, PAX5, and CD79a were reliable immunohistochemistry markers in formalin-fixed tissues in European hedgehogs. Although uncommon, lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis for adult European hedgehogs with skin nodules, especially those seeming to originate from the neck.

在欧洲刺猬(Erinaceus europaeus)中很少有肿瘤的报道。通过联系欧洲刺猬淋巴瘤病例的多个兽医诊断实验室,进行了回顾性搜索。结果有5例,记录了临床、大体、组织学和免疫表型的结果。大多数动物(3/5)有累及颈部的皮肤肿块,1只刺猬有呼吸困难和嗜睡伴胸水,而另一只表现黄疸和嗜睡。淋巴瘤的原发部位为皮肤,尤其是颈部或头部(3/5)、胸腺(1/5)和多中心(1/5)。免疫表型分析证实2例皮肤淋巴瘤为b细胞淋巴瘤,胸腺和多中心病例为t细胞谱系,其余皮肤淋巴瘤未确定。CD3、PAX5和CD79a是欧洲刺猬福尔马林固定组织中可靠的免疫组织化学标志物。虽然不常见,但对于有皮肤结节的成年欧洲刺猬,尤其是那些似乎起源于颈部的皮肤结节,应考虑淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断。
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