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Unveiling the Past: A Retrospective Detection of Lactococcus petauri in Farmed European Seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in the Tyrrhenian Sea. 揭开过去:第勒尼安海养殖欧洲鲈(Dicentrarchus labrax)中petauri乳球菌的回顾性检测。
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70048
Giuseppe Esposito, Silvia Colussi, Giorgia Bignami, Marialetizia Fioravanti, Paolo Pastorino, Fabio Bondavalli, Marino Prearo, Andrea Gustinelli

Lactococcus petauri is an emerging bacterial pathogen associated with disease outbreaks in freshwater and marine fish species worldwide. While it has been increasingly reported in countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, no official records of L. petauri have yet been made in Italy for saltwater species. This study reports, for the first time, the presence of L. petauri in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) farmed in land-based tanks along the south-western coast of Italy, based on a retrospective analysis of previously isolated strains. Although only a single isolate was positive, the finding is of notable significance as it originated from a sample collected in 2012. This temporal aspect highlights the likelihood that L. petauri has been circulating in Italian aquaculture systems for at least a decade. The isolate also exhibited a broad antimicrobial resistance profile, including resistance to amoxicillin, fluoroquinolones and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The historical misidentification of L. petauri is linked to its clinical similarity with Lactococcus garvieae. This highlights the value of re-analysing archived strains with modern tools and underlines the need for accurate diagnostics in aquaculture. The detection in D. labrax extends the known host range and suggests a longer, undetected presence in the Mediterranean.

petauri乳球菌是一种新兴的细菌病原体,与世界范围内淡水和海洋鱼类疾病暴发有关。虽然在地中海沿岸的国家有越来越多的报道,但在意大利还没有关于咸水物种的正式记录。本研究基于对先前分离菌株的回顾性分析,首次报道了在意大利西南海岸陆基池中养殖的欧洲鲈鱼(Dicentrarchus labrax)中存在L. petauri。虽然只有一株分离物呈阳性,但这一发现具有重要意义,因为它来自2012年收集的样本。这一时间性方面突出表明,小波氏乳杆菌在意大利水产养殖系统中流传了至少十年的可能性。该分离物还显示出广泛的抗微生物药物耐药性,包括对阿莫西林、氟喹诺酮类药物和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑的耐药性。历史上对牛乳杆菌的误认与它与garvieae乳球菌的临床相似性有关。这突出了用现代工具重新分析存档菌株的价值,并强调了在水产养殖中进行准确诊断的必要性。在拉布拉克斯疟原虫中的发现扩大了已知宿主的范围,并表明在地中海存在的时间更长,但未被发现。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid Visual Detection of Decapod Iridescent Virus 1 (DIV1) by RPA Combined With LFS. RPA联合LFS快速检测十足虫彩虹病毒1型(DIV1)
IF 2.2 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.70052
Quanling Mu, Cunbao Ding, Ying Xie, Xi Zhen, Xianrui Wang, Tongaobo Qi, Jiaming Zhang, Yakun Yu

Decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) causes severe disease outbreaks in shrimp and crab culture areas. A simple, rapid, and visual DIV1 assay is important for the control of viral diseases. This study presented a novel DIV1 detection method that combines recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) and lateral flow strip (LFS). After selecting primers and probes, we optimised the concentration of the reverse primers, reaction time, as well as reaction temperature of RPA-LFS detection. RPA can amplify the target gene within 18 min at a constant temperature of 38°C, and LFS can observe the amplification results within 3 min. Importantly, there is no cross-reactivity with other infectable shrimp viruses and pathogens, such as WSSV, IHHNV, TSV, EHP, CMNV, YHV, MrNV samples, as well as VpAHPND. In addition, RPA-LFS has high detection sensitivity, with a lower detection limit of 1.12 × 101 copies/μL. Using 110 field samples, the results of qPCR recommended by WOAH (OIE) and RPA-LFS were identical, indicating that RPA-LFS is as reliable as qPCR. The RPA-LFS assay is a valuable tool for the rapid and accurate detection of DIV1.

十足类虹彩病毒1 (DIV1)在虾蟹养殖区引起严重的疾病暴发。一种简单、快速、直观的DIV1检测方法对病毒性疾病的控制具有重要意义。本研究提出了一种结合重组酶聚合酶扩增(RPA)和横向流动条带(LFS)检测DIV1的新方法。在选择引物和探针后,对RPA-LFS检测的反引物浓度、反应时间和反应温度进行优化。在38℃恒温条件下,RPA可在18 min内扩增目的基因,LFS可在3 min内观察扩增结果。重要的是,与WSSV、IHHNV、TSV、EHP、CMNV、YHV、MrNV样品以及VpAHPND等其他传染性虾病毒和病原体无交叉反应性。RPA-LFS具有较高的检测灵敏度,检测限为1.12 × 101拷贝/μL。在110份野外样品中,WOAH (OIE)推荐的qPCR结果与RPA-LFS结果一致,表明RPA-LFS与qPCR一样可靠。RPA-LFS是快速、准确检测DIV1的一种有价值的工具。
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引用次数: 0
Detection of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Babesia aktasi in a wild bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus): Overlap with domestic goat strains. 野生牛黄山羊嗜吞噬细胞无原体和阿克塔西巴贝斯虫的检测:与家山羊菌株重叠。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70003
Aykut Zerek, Tuğba Özdemir, Maide Nur Gündoğdu, İpek Erdem, Ömer Orkun

This study reports the first detection of Babesia aktasi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in a bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus), providing insight into the presence of these pathogens in wild caprinae. The infected goat exhibited a localised ocular infection but showed no clinical signs of acute piroplasmid or Anaplasma infections. Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed low parasitemia of intra- and extraerythrocytic piroplasms and intragranulocytic morulae, consistent with chronic infection. PCR and sequence analysis confirmed that the Babesia species detected was B. aktasi, a recently described piroplasmid previously reported in domestic goats. Phylogenetic analysis placed the B. aktasi haplotype within the Babesia sensu stricto clade, closely related to sequences from domestic goats in Türkiye and an uncharacterised Babesia sp. from a red deer. The A. phagocytophilum strain detected in this study belonged to ecotype 1, which includes human pathogenic strains. These findings raise the possibility that bezoar goats may contribute to the natural maintenance of B. aktasi and A. phagocytophilum, highlighting their potential involvement in the enzootic cycles of these pathogens alongside domestic caprinae. Given that bezoar goats are the ancestors of modern domestic goats and that their habitats overlap in Anatolia, further research is needed to better understand the transmission dynamics, vector associations and zoonotic potential of these pathogens.

本研究报道了首次在牛黄山羊(Capra aegagrus)中检测到阿克塔西巴贝虫和嗜吞噬细胞无原体,为深入了解这些病原体在野生山羊中的存在提供了依据。受感染的山羊表现出局部眼部感染,但没有急性螺粒或无原体感染的临床症状。镜检血涂片显示红细胞内和红细胞外的弓形体和粒细胞内的桑葚胚低寄生虫血症,与慢性感染一致。PCR和序列分析证实,检测到的巴贝斯虫为阿克塔西巴贝斯虫,这是一种最近在山羊中报道的螺旋体质粒。系统发育分析将阿克塔西巴贝斯虫单倍型置于严格感觉巴贝斯虫进化支中,与来自基耶山羊的序列和来自马鹿的一种未表征的巴贝斯虫种序列密切相关。本研究检测到的嗜吞噬芽胞杆菌属生态型1,包括人致病性菌株。这些发现提高了牛黄山羊可能有助于阿克塔西芽孢杆菌和嗜吞噬细胞芽孢杆菌的自然维持的可能性,突出了它们与国内caprinae一起参与这些病原体的地方性循环的潜在作用。鉴于牛粪山羊是现代家山羊的祖先,并且它们在安纳托利亚的栖息地重叠,需要进一步研究以更好地了解这些病原体的传播动态、媒介关联和人畜共患的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Species delimitation of the Afrotropical and Palaearctic Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy and discovery of two new species in Afrotropics. 非洲热带和古北区栉水母的种划分及非洲热带两新种的发现。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70011
Drashti R Parmar, Nikolas P Johnston, Mergi Daba Dinka, Krzysztof Szpila

The blowflies (Calliphoridae) represent a significant portion of schizophoran fly diversity, comprising approximately 2000 known species. Among them, the genus Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy is one of the largest, with over 100 species primarily distributed in the Holarctic Region and Australasia. Blowflies include several ubiquitous species and are primarily recognised for their medical and veterinary importance. In the Afrotropics, Calliphora was previously known from only two species: the native Calliphora croceipalpis Jaennicke and the introduced Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy. Two new distinctive species of Calliphora collected during recent fieldwork in Ethiopia are described using methods of integrative taxonomy. Calliphora teraramma sp. n. is characterised by peculiar male genitalia, with large cerci and a minute phallus. Calliphora mesay sp. n. is characterised by morphological and molecular traits, a close relative of the cosmopolitan C. vicina. In addition, we developed a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcode reference library for Palaearctic and Afrotropical Calliphora species, including 33 newly generated barcodes. Molecular species delimitation analyses using the software Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) and Assemble Species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP), implemented through the recently developed integrative platform Spart Explorer, largely support morphological species concepts.

吹头蝇(吹头蝇科)是裂蝇科蝇类的重要组成部分,已知种类约有2000种。其中,Calliphora Robineau-Desvoidy属是最大的属之一,有100多种,主要分布在全北极地区和澳大拉西亚。苍蝇包括几种普遍存在的物种,主要因其医学和兽医重要性而得到认可。在非洲热带地区,以前只从两个物种中知道Calliphora croceipalpis Jaennicke和引进的Calliphora vicina Robineau-Desvoidy。本文用综合分类学方法描述了最近在埃塞俄比亚田野调查中收集到的两个新的独特种。奇特的雄性生殖器,有大的尾骨和微小的阴茎。Calliphora mesay sp. n.以形态和分子特征为特征,是世界性的C. vicina的近亲。此外,我们还建立了古北区和非洲热带区Calliphora物种的细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I (COI)条形码参考文库,包括33个新生成的条形码。通过最近开发的集成平台Spart Explorer实现的软件Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD)和Assemble species by Automatic Partitioning (ASAP)进行分子物种划分分析,在很大程度上支持形态学物种概念。
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引用次数: 0
Hippobosca equina: Influences on oxidative stress and immune-regulating cytokine responses in horses. 马海马:对马氧化应激和免疫调节细胞因子反应的影响。
IF 1.9 3区 农林科学 Q2 ENTOMOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1111/mve.70041
Menna A El-Geneady, Reem M Ramadan, Olfat A Mahdy, Mohamed S Kamel, Mai A Salem

Hippobosca equina, a common ectoparasite of horses, poses a significant challenge to equine health worldwide. This study provides a molecular characterization of H. equina and examines its impact on host immune responses and oxidative stress. Genetic analysis of samples from various regions revealed notable homogeneity, indicating limited genetic variation among populations. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated close genetic relationships among sequences from Egypt, France, Kazakhstan and Portugal, while also showing comparable but more distant identities to sequences from China, Denmark, Finland and other countries. Infested horses exhibited elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ, relative to uninfested control horses, indicating a strong immune response to the parasite. Additionally, there was a significant increase in oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and nitric oxide, indicating substantial cellular damage. These findings highlight the dual impact of H. equina infestations on horse health, prompting both immune activation and oxidative stress. This study emphasizes the importance of targeted pest management strategies that consider the genetic uniformity of parasites and host physiological responses. By providing valuable insights into the complex host-parasite interactions between H. equina and equine hosts, this research enhances our understanding of equine ectoparasites and suggests potential avenues for improving horse health and welfare.

马斑马驹是一种常见的马外寄生虫,对全世界马的健康构成了重大挑战。本研究提供了马蹄铁的分子特征,并研究了其对宿主免疫反应和氧化应激的影响。不同地区样本的遗传分析显示出显著的同质性,表明种群间遗传变异有限。系统发育分析表明,来自埃及、法国、哈萨克斯坦和葡萄牙的序列具有密切的遗传关系,同时也显示了与来自中国、丹麦、芬兰和其他国家的序列相似但距离较远的特征。与未感染的对照马相比,被感染的马表现出较高的促炎细胞因子水平,包括IL-6、TNF-α和IFN-γ,表明对寄生虫有很强的免疫反应。此外,氧化应激标志物(包括丙二醛、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和一氧化氮)显著增加,表明细胞受到严重损伤。这些发现强调了马马蹄铁侵染对马健康的双重影响,促进免疫激活和氧化应激。本研究强调了考虑寄生物遗传均匀性和寄主生理反应的有针对性害虫管理策略的重要性。本研究为马弓形虫和马宿主之间复杂的宿主-寄生虫相互作用提供了有价值的见解,增强了我们对马体外寄生虫的理解,并为改善马的健康和福利提供了潜在的途径。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Sedation on Rectal Temperature During Equine Dental Procedures Performed in Cold to Warm Ambient Temperatures. 马在冷到暖的环境温度下进行牙科手术时镇静对直肠温度的影响。
IF 0.9 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/08987564251371523
Amanda J Norman, Colleen M Turner, Jane M Manfredi

Sedation is important for safe equine dental procedures, but it is unknown if there is a higher risk of sedation causing hypothermia in procedures performed during cold months. The authors hypothesize that sedation for a dental procedure will significantly decrease rectal body temperature in cold as compared to warm ambient temperatures. Adult equids (N = 246), from a private equine dentistry practice, that underwent dental equilibration, were selected for the study. Each horse's weight was estimated and sedation was administered intravenously (0.01 mg/kg detomidine and 0.01 mg/kg butorphanol) and intramuscularly (0.5 mg/kg xylazine and 0.03 mg/kg acepromazine). Ambient and serial rectal temperatures (presedation [PRE], 15 min after initial intravenous sedation [POST15], and at the end of the procedure [END]) were recorded. Statistics included Shapiro-Wilks test, Spearman's correlation coefficient, and a Friedman test with Dunn's posthoc test (significant at P < .05). Ambient temperatures ranged from -7.8 °C to 30 °C. The median (95% confidence interval) rectal temperature was PRE: 37.4 (37.2 °C-37.7 °C), POST15: 37.5 (37.2 °C-37.8 °C), and END: 37.4 (37.1 °C-37.7 °C). POST15 temperatures were significantly increased from PRE (P = .001) to END (P = .005) temperatures. PRE to END temperatures were not significantly different (P > .9). There was a weak positive correlation between ambient and POST15 temperatures (rho = .26, P < .001) and END temperatures (rho = .25, P < .001). Seven animals became hypothermic (<36 °C), only 2 at ambient temperatures below 4.44 °C. Rectal body temperature in equids after sedation at ambient temperatures between -7 °C and 30 °C remains at a safe level in most instances, suggesting dental procedures can be performed under sedation during cold weather.

镇静对于安全的马牙科手术很重要,但尚不清楚在寒冷的月份进行的手术中,镇静是否有更高的风险导致体温过低。作者假设,与温暖的环境温度相比,牙科手术的镇静会显著降低低温下的直肠体温。成年马(N = 246),来自私人马牙科诊所,接受牙齿平衡,被选为研究对象。估计每匹马的体重,并静脉注射镇静剂(0.01 mg/kg德托咪定和0.01 mg/kg丁托啡诺)和肌肉注射镇静剂(0.5 mg/kg噻嗪和0.03 mg/kg乙酰丙嗪)。记录环境温度和连续直肠温度(术前[PRE]、初始静脉镇静后15分钟[POST15]和手术结束时[end])。统计方法包括Shapiro-Wilks检验、Spearman相关系数、Friedman检验和Dunn事后检验(P =显著)。001)到END (P = .005)温度。前后温度无显著差异(P < 0.05)。环境温度和15年后温度之间存在微弱的正相关(rho =。26, P =。25日,警
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引用次数: 0
Cerebellar hypomyelination, white matter vacuolization, and prolonged presence of atypical porcine pestivirus in pigs with congenital tremor type A-II. A-II型先天性震颤猪的小脑髓鞘化、白质空泡化和非典型猪瘟病毒的长期存在
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251372559
Anna Bergfeldt, Mette Myrmel, Birgit Ranheim, Frida Aae, Randi Sørby

Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is responsible for congenital tremor (CT) type A-II in pigs, a globally distributed neurological disease, with many unresolved questions regarding its pathogenesis and pathology. This descriptive case-control study assessed the viral load of APPV and its association with lesions in the central nervous system (CNS), as piglets born with severe clinical signs of CT recovered from clinical disease. The virus was found in all pigs with CT across 3 age groups (newborn, 3-week-old, 4- to 5-month-old CT pigs) using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The highest viral load was observed in the spinal cord of newborns and in the cerebellum of older groups. No APPV was detected in control pigs. Histologic evaluation revealed variable vacuolization in the CNS white matter of CT-affected pigs, which was most prominent in the spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebrum of newborns, and in the cerebellum and cerebrum of 3-week-old pigs. Transmission electron microscopy demonstrated hypomyelination in newborn and 3-week-old CT pigs, but myelin levels comparable to those of control pigs in 4- to 5-month-old CT pigs. This research demonstrates the prolonged presence of APPV in the CNS of pigs born with severe signs of CT. Variable white matter vacuolization and hypomyelination can be found up to 3 weeks of age, but myelin levels normalize in older pigs, suggesting a delayed myelination process. Further research is needed to confirm the primary cellular target for APPV in the CNS and to understand how the virus affects the myelination process.

非典型猪瘟病毒(APPV)引起猪先天性震颤(CT) a - ii型,是一种全球分布的神经系统疾病,其发病机制和病理仍有许多未解决的问题。这项描述性病例对照研究评估了在出生时有严重CT临床症状的仔猪从临床疾病中恢复时,APPV的病毒载量及其与中枢神经系统(CNS)病变的关系。采用逆转录-定量聚合酶链反应(RT-qPCR)在3个年龄组(新生儿、3周龄、4至5月龄的CT猪)的所有CT猪中发现了该病毒。在新生儿的脊髓和老年人的小脑中观察到最高的病毒载量。对照组猪未检测到APPV。组织学评价显示,ct感染猪的中枢神经系统白质出现可变空泡化,新生儿的脊髓、小脑和大脑以及3周龄猪的小脑和大脑空泡化最为突出。透射电子显微镜显示新生和3周龄CT猪的髓鞘形成较低,但髓鞘水平与4- 5月龄CT猪的对照猪相当。本研究表明,在出生时出现严重CT症状的猪的中枢神经系统中,APPV的存在时间较长。可在3周龄时发现白质空泡变和髓鞘形成减少,但在老年猪中髓鞘水平恢复正常,提示髓鞘形成过程延迟。需要进一步的研究来确认APPV在中枢神经系统中的主要细胞靶点,并了解该病毒如何影响髓鞘形成过程。
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引用次数: 0
Lymphoma in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus): A case series. 欧洲刺猬淋巴瘤:一个病例系列。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251367380
Yannick Van de Weyer, Steve Bexton, Emanuele Ricci, Julian Chantrey, Valerie Tilston, Eva Dervas, Frauke Seehusen, Ana Gomez-Vitores, Liz Nabb, Hannah Kitchen, Hannah Tombs, Nick Woodger, Guido Rocchigiani

Neoplasia is rarely reported in European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus). A retrospective search was conducted by contacting multiple veterinary diagnostic laboratories for cases of lymphoma in European hedgehogs. This resulted in 5 cases, from which clinical, gross, histologic, and immunophenotyping findings were recorded. Most animals (3/5) had skin masses involving the cervical region, 1 hedgehog had dyspnea and lethargy associated with hydrothorax, whereas another exhibited icterus and lethargy. The primary site of the lymphoma was the skin, particularly the neck or head (3/5), the thymus (1/5), and multicentric (1/5). Immunophenotyping confirmed B-cell lymphoma in 2 skin cases, a T-cell lineage for the thymic and multicentric cases, and undetermined for the remaining skin lymphoma. CD3, PAX5, and CD79a were reliable immunohistochemistry markers in formalin-fixed tissues in European hedgehogs. Although uncommon, lymphoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis for adult European hedgehogs with skin nodules, especially those seeming to originate from the neck.

在欧洲刺猬(Erinaceus europaeus)中很少有肿瘤的报道。通过联系欧洲刺猬淋巴瘤病例的多个兽医诊断实验室,进行了回顾性搜索。结果有5例,记录了临床、大体、组织学和免疫表型的结果。大多数动物(3/5)有累及颈部的皮肤肿块,1只刺猬有呼吸困难和嗜睡伴胸水,而另一只表现黄疸和嗜睡。淋巴瘤的原发部位为皮肤,尤其是颈部或头部(3/5)、胸腺(1/5)和多中心(1/5)。免疫表型分析证实2例皮肤淋巴瘤为b细胞淋巴瘤,胸腺和多中心病例为t细胞谱系,其余皮肤淋巴瘤未确定。CD3、PAX5和CD79a是欧洲刺猬福尔马林固定组织中可靠的免疫组织化学标志物。虽然不常见,但对于有皮肤结节的成年欧洲刺猬,尤其是那些似乎起源于颈部的皮肤结节,应考虑淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断。
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引用次数: 0
Renal oxalosis in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) in St. Kitts. 圣基茨非洲绿猴肾草化病的研究。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-23 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251382150
Samantha Zayas, Amy Beierschmitt, Roberta M Palmour, Patrick O Pithua, Pompei Bolfa

Renal oxalosis has been reported in New and Old-World monkeys. Occasional reports describe a low prevalence of subclinical renal oxalosis, but these typically lack supporting evidence of primary oxalosis or toxicity and may be a natural background lesion. In a retrospective cross-sectional postmortem observation study, 12 of 156 (7.7%) African green monkeys (AGMs) (Chlorocebus sabaeus) from the Behavioural Science Foundation (St. Kitts) colony had histological evidence of oxalate-induced nephrosis (renal oxalosis). Histologically, affected tubules from both the cortex and medulla were ectatic; expanded several times normal size; and lined by attenuated, degenerative, regenerative, or necrotic epithelium with intraluminal, pale yellow, translucent, variably shaped, crystals that were birefringent under polarized light (calcium oxalate). The tubules were often surrounded by multinucleated macrophages. To identify independent predictors of renal oxalosis, we fit a multivariable logistic regression model with robust ("sandwich") standard errors, including sex, age, and birth origin, as categorical covariates. Several enrichment food items were found to be oxalate-rich: sweet potato (95.9 mg/100 g), pumpkin (64.6 mg/100 g), and bananas (169 mg/100 g). There was a significant increase in the prevalence of calcium oxalate concretions with age, from 0% in young monkeys to 18.6% in aged individuals, likely due to longer exposure to oxalate-rich produce and a cumulative effect. Due to the large ingestion of oxalate-rich foods, diet is suspected to be a major cause of subclinical oxalosis in the St. Kitts AGM, raising awareness of this potential background finding during their use as laboratory animals in toxicologic and other research studies.

在新旧大陆的猴子中都有肾草化病的报道。偶尔有报道称亚临床肾草化病的发病率很低,但这些报道通常缺乏原发性草化病或毒性的支持证据,可能是一种自然背景病变。在一项回顾性横断面死后观察研究中,来自行为科学基金会(圣基茨)群体的156只非洲绿猴(绿猴)中有12只(7.7%)有草酸盐引起的肾病(肾草酸中毒)的组织学证据。组织学上,皮层和髓质的受累小管均呈扩张;膨胀数倍于正常大小的;内膜为衰减的、退行性的、再生的或坏死的上皮,腔内呈淡黄色、半透明、形状各异的晶体,在偏振光下呈双折射(草酸钙)。小管常被多核巨噬细胞包围。为了确定肾草化病的独立预测因子,我们拟合了一个具有稳健(“三明治”)标准误差的多变量逻辑回归模型,包括性别、年龄和出生来源,作为分类协变量。几种富含草酸的食物被发现富含草酸:甘薯(95.9毫克/100克)、南瓜(64.6毫克/100克)和香蕉(169毫克/100克)。随着年龄的增长,草酸钙结块的患病率显著增加,从年轻猴子的0%增加到老年人的18.6%,可能是由于长时间接触富含草酸的农产品和累积效应。由于大量摄入富含草酸的食物,饮食被怀疑是圣基茨AGM亚临床草酸中毒的主要原因,在将其用作毒理学和其他研究的实验动物时,提高了对这一潜在背景发现的认识。
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引用次数: 0
Hemosiderosis in St. Kitts African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). 圣基茨非洲绿猴的含铁血黄素病。
IF 1.7 2区 农林科学 Q2 PATHOLOGY Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1177/03009858251391385
Samantha Zayas, John Buchweitz, Amy Beierschmitt, Roberta M Palmour, Dalen Agnew, Patrick O Pithua, Pompei Bolfa

Hepatic hemosiderosis has not been systematically studied in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus). We aimed to determine the prevalence of histologic hepatic hemosiderosis in this species, demographic predictors of its presence and severity, and the quantitative relationship between histological grade and hepatic iron concentration. We evaluated liver samples of 155 African green monkeys from a research colony in St. Kitts (24 juveniles, 89 adults, 42 geriatrics) using histology (hematoxylin and eosin, Perls Prussian blue) to semiquantitatively grade (0-4) hemosiderin deposits. Quantitative hepatic iron was measured via coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 146 samples. Overall, 63.9% (99/155; P < .001 vs 50%) exhibited histological hemosiderin deposits. The grade distribution was 52 (33.5%) grade 0, 29 (18.7%) grade 1, 23 (14.8%) grade 2, 25 (16.1%) grade 3, and 26 (16.8%) grade 4. Wild-caught origin was protective (odds ratio (OR) = 0.10, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.04-0.29, P < .001), while geriatric age was associated with iron accumulation (OR = 8.92, 95% CI = 2.06-10.61, P = .003). Ordinal regression confirmed lower odds of higher grades in wild-caught (OR = 0.095, 95% CI = 0.047-0.193, P < .001) and higher odds of higher grades in adult monkeys (OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.43-12.35, P = .009). Trend tests (z = 9.81, P < .0001) and Spearman's ρ = 0.82 (P < .0001) confirmed a strong association between pathology and iron burden. Recommended iron requirements may be excessive for certain life stages in this species. Colony-born and younger animals are at highest risk, while adult males show protection. Histological grading correlates strongly with quantitative iron measures, validating its use as a semiquantitative surrogate.

非洲绿猴(Chlorocebus sabaeus)肝含铁血黄素病尚未有系统的研究。我们的目的是确定该物种的组织学肝含铁血黄素沉着的患病率,其存在和严重程度的人口统计学预测因素,以及组织学分级与肝铁浓度之间的定量关系。我们利用组织学(苏木精和伊红,珀尔斯普鲁士蓝)对来自圣基茨研究群体的155只非洲绿猴的肝脏样本(24只幼猴,89只成年猴,42只老年猴)进行了半定量分级(0-4)含铁血黄素沉积。采用耦合等离子体质谱法对146份样品进行肝铁定量测定。总体而言,63.9% (99/155;P < 0.001 vs 50%)表现出组织学上的含铁血黄素沉积。年级分布为0级52人(33.5%)、1级29人(18.7%)、2级23人(14.8%)、3级25人(16.1%)、4级26人(16.8%)。野生捕获的来源是保护性的(优势比(OR) = 0.10, 95%可信区间(CI) = 0.04-0.29, P < 0.001),而老年年龄与铁积累有关(OR = 8.92, 95% CI = 2.06-10.61, P = 0.003)。有序回归证实,野生捕获的猴子获得高分的几率较低(OR = 0.095, 95% CI = 0.047 ~ 0.193, P < 0.001),成年猴子获得高分的几率较高(OR = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.43 ~ 12.35, P = 0.009)。趋势检验(z = 9.81, P < 0.0001)和Spearman ρ = 0.82 (P < 0.0001)证实病理与铁负荷之间有很强的相关性。在这个物种的某些生命阶段,铁的推荐需要量可能过高。殖民地出生的和年轻的动物风险最高,而成年雄性则表现出保护作用。组织学分级与定量铁测量密切相关,证实其作为半定量替代指标的使用。
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