环境科学与生态学最新文献_第3页

Effects of population density stress on fecal microbiota and metabolites of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau root voles (Microtus oeconomus)—A field experiment 种群密度胁迫对青藏高原根田鼠粪便微生物群及代谢物的影响

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2026.e04151

Zhibo Qin , Shuo Guo , Shouyang Du , Guozhen Shang , Yang Liu , Yanbin Yang

The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in host metabolism, digestion, immunity, and behavior, but most studies have been conducted in laboratory settings. To validate these findings in natural conditions, we investigated the impact of population density stress on the fecal microbiota and metabolites of root voles (Microtus oeconomus) using field enclosures, 16S rRNA sequencing, and untargeted metabolomics. Fecal corticosterone metabolite (FCM) levels were significantly higher in high-density (HD) voles, confirming a strong stress response. The predominant bacterial phyla were Firmicutes_A, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes_D, and Actinobacteriota, with Lactobacillus and CAG-485 as the main genera. HD voles had higher abundances of Bacteroidota, CAG-485, Duncaniella, and Paramuribaculum, and lower abundances of Firmicutes_A, Firmicutes_D, Desulfobacterota_I, Lactobacillus, Desulfovibrio_R, and Butyribacter. Functional prediction revealed up-regulated pathways involved in antibiotic biosynthesis, D-alanine metabolism, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), while pathways related to amino acid biosynthesis were down-regulated. Metabolomics identified 938 and 920 differential metabolites in positive and negative ion modes, respectively, with up-regulated metabolites such as cholic acid, lithocholic acid, and succinic acid, and down-regulated metabolites like L-lysine, L-valine, and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis identified 142 affected pathways, primarily related to amino acid metabolism, the citrate (TCA) cycle, bile secretion, and protein digestion. Correlation analysis revealed that Lactobacillus was negatively associated with elevated bile acids and positively with down-regulated amino acid-related metabolites. Overall, population density stress significantly reshaped the fecal microbiota and metabolic profiles of root voles, offering new insights into the ecological adaptability of small mammals.

肠道菌群在宿主代谢、消化、免疫和行为中起着至关重要的作用，但大多数研究都是在实验室环境中进行的。为了在自然条件下验证这些发现，我们利用野外围栏、16S rRNA测序和非靶向代谢组学研究了种群密度应激对根田鼠（Microtus oeconomus）粪便微生物群和代谢物的影响。高密度田鼠的粪便皮质酮代谢物（FCM）水平显著升高，证实了强烈的应激反应。优势菌门为厚壁菌门a、拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门d和放线菌门，以乳杆菌属和CAG-485属为主。HD田鼠的Bacteroidota、CAG-485、Duncaniella和Paramuribaculum丰度较高，而Firmicutes_A、Firmicutes_D、desulfobactero_i、Lactobacillus、Desulfovibrio_R和Butyribacter丰度较低。功能预测显示，涉及抗生素生物合成、d -丙氨酸代谢和戊糖磷酸途径（PPP）的途径上调，而与氨基酸生物合成相关的途径下调。代谢组学分别鉴定出938种和920种正负离子模式的差异代谢物，其中上调代谢物如胆酸、石胆酸和琥珀酸，下调代谢物如l -赖氨酸、l -缬氨酸和脱氢表雄酮（DHEA）。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析确定了142条受影响的途径，主要与氨基酸代谢、柠檬酸（TCA）循环、胆汁分泌和蛋白质消化有关。相关分析显示，乳酸菌与胆汁酸升高呈负相关，与氨基酸相关代谢物下调呈正相关。总体而言，种群密度胁迫显著重塑了根田鼠的粪便微生物群和代谢特征，为小型哺乳动物的生态适应性提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Highly accurate calibration of particle number portable emissions measurement systems (PN-PEMS) via actual soot charging probability correction 粒子数便携式排放测量系统（PN-PEMS）通过实际烟尘充电概率校正的高精度校准

IF 6.3 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Journal of Environmental Sciences-china

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2025.11.059

Haotian Guo , Chengxiang Guo , Tongzhu Yu , Huaqiao Gui , Yixin Yang , Zhe Ji , Junjie Liu , Jiguang Wang , Jianguo Liu

The upcoming Euro 7 vehicle emissions regulation sets new requirements for calibrating PN-PEMS. In current PN concentration calibration methods, arbitrary selection of aerosol materials and incorrect estimation of multiply-charged particles lead to calibration deviation. This study proposes a novel, accurate calibration method based on the calibration and correction of the actual charging probability of soot for calibrating PN-PEMS. The accurate calibration results of a PN-PEMS show a maximum reduction of 7.65 % in the +1-charging probability deviation and of 3.15 % in the counting efficiency deviation. The calibration of the actual charging probability of soot introduces a calibration uncertainty increment of 0.09 %-2.71 %, and the overall uncertainty is < 4.76 %, which makes the calibration results more credible. The interaction of calibration aerosols of different physicochemical properties with the condensation particle counter working fluid and catalytic stripper device is the main reason for the different PN-PEMS calibration results. The calibration of the actual charging probability of particles is the fundamental method to eliminate the calibration deviation caused by the estimation and correction of multiply-charged particles.

即将出台的欧7车辆排放法规对PN-PEMS的校准提出了新的要求。在目前的PN浓度校准方法中，气溶胶材料的任意选择和多重带电粒子的不正确估计导致了校准偏差。本文提出了一种基于烟尘实际装药概率的精确校准方法，用于PN-PEMS的校准。精确的校准结果表明，PN-PEMS的+1充电概率偏差最大减小7.65%，计数效率偏差最大减小3.15%。对烟尘实际装药概率的标定引入了0.09% - 2.71%的标定不确定度增量，总体不确定度为4.76%，使标定结果更加可信。不同理化性质的校准气溶胶与冷凝粒子计数工质和催化汽提装置的相互作用是导致PN-PEMS校准结果不同的主要原因。粒子实际带电概率的标定是消除多重带电粒子估计和校正引起的标定偏差的根本方法。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of anthropogenic activities on invertebrate communities in Dianchi Lake revealed by eDNA metabarcoding 人类活动对滇池无脊椎动物群落的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127245

Yuanyuan Lin , Jingge Xu , Shan Xu , Qianqian Xiang , Xiaohua Zhou , Liwei He , Gensen Yin

As environmental indicators, efficient and accurate monitoring of invertebrates is of great significance for providing references for water environment conservation, and environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding provides a useful tool for it. Dianchi Lake is a typical urban lake suffering from various anthropogenic activities in Kunming, Yunnan, China and the current characteristics of invertebrate communities are unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the spatial and seasonal patterns of invertebrates and the environmental stressors of Dianchi Lake. Based on eDNA metabarcoding, 452 ASVs of invertebrates belonging to Arthropoda, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Protozoa, Rotifera were identified in Dianchi Lake, with Diaphanosoma, Brachionus, Daphnia, Euchlanis, Mesocyclops, Macrothrix, Trichocerca and Chydorus being dominant genera. Distinct biodiversity patterns (e.g., ASVs number, dominant genera, relative abundances, Shannon-Wiener index) were exhibited between the dry and wet period. The spatial-seasonal heterogeneity of the relation between the invertebrate community patterns and environmental factors was observed in Dianchi Lake. The patterns of invertebrate community were closely related to environmental factors especially about NH₄⁺, conductivity (C), and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), which were closely associated with various environmental pressures brought by anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, industrial and agricultural activities. This study provides insights on conserving the diversity of invertebrate communities and the management of Dianchi Lake.

无脊椎动物作为环境指标，高效、准确的监测对水环境保护提供参考具有重要意义，环境DNA元条形码为其提供了有用的工具。滇池是云南昆明市典型的城市湖泊，受到各种人为活动的影响，目前无脊椎动物群落特征尚不清楚。为此，本研究对滇池无脊椎动物的空间和季节格局及环境压力因素进行了研究。基于eDNA元编码，共鉴定出节肢动物、刺胞动物、软体动物、原生动物、轮虫目等452种无脊椎动物asv，其中Diaphanosoma、Brachionus、Daphnia、Euchlanis、Mesocyclops、Macrothrix、Trichocerca和Chydorus为优势属。干湿期的生物多样性格局（asv数量、优势属、相对丰度、Shannon-Wiener指数）明显不同。研究了滇池无脊椎动物群落格局与环境因子关系的空间-季节异质性。无脊椎动物群落格局与环境因子密切相关，特别是NH4+、电导率(C)和叶绿素a (Chl-a)，它们与城市化、工农业活动等人为活动带来的各种环境压力密切相关。本研究为滇池无脊椎动物群落多样性保护和管理提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

Monthly incidence prediction of foodborne diseases: case study in Nanning City of China 南宁市食源性疾病月发病率预测研究

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Microbial Risk Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2026.100368

Peng Li , Liting Cen , Siyan Li , Jing Zhang , Qi Li , Xiangzhi Li , Hui Li

Objective

To construct an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) multiplicative seasonal model for predicting the monthly incidence of foodborne diseases in Nanning City and provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and control strategies.

Methods

Monthly incidence data of foodborne diseases in Nanning City from January 2013 to December 2022 were used to develop an ARIMA multiplicative seasonal model with SPSS 23.0 software. The optimal model was selected through sequence stationarization, model identification, order determination, parameter estimation, and diagnostic checking. The model was validated using data from January to December 2023 (held-out set) and then used to forecast the monthly incidence for 2024–2025.

Results

The monthly incidence exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations. The optimal model was identified as ARIMA(1,0,0) × (0,1,1)₁₂, The optimal model was selected based on a combination of a high stationary R² (0.673), adherence to the principle of parsimony, and achieving the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC = 0.178) among candidate models. The model residuals passed the white noise test (Ljung-Box Q = 22.079, P = 0.141). The model’s out-of-sample performance on the 2023 validation set was assessed, yielding a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.65 cases per 100,000 population and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 29.7%. Predictions for 2024–2025 suggest a stable incidence level with seasonal peaks in the summer and autumn months, and no indication of a large-scale outbreak beyond historical patterns.

Conclusion

The ARIMA multiplicative seasonal model can capture the seasonal pattern of foodborne disease incidence in Nanning City. While short-term prediction accuracy is acceptable, the model's performance can be affected by anomalous data points. It serves as a useful tool for short-term early warning and seasonal resource planning in public health.

目的构建南宁市食源性疾病月发病率自回归综合移动平均（ARIMA）乘法季节预测模型，为疾病防控提供科学依据。方法利用2013年1月至2022年12月南宁市食源性疾病的月度发病数据，运用SPSS 23.0软件建立ARIMA乘法季节模型。通过序列平稳化、模型辨识、阶数确定、参数估计、诊断检查等步骤，优选出最优模型。该模型使用2023年1月至12月（hold out set）的数据进行验证，然后用于预测2024-2025年的月发病率。结果月发病率有明显的季节波动。将最优模型确定为ARIMA（1,0,0） ×（0,1,1）12，根据高平稳性R²（0.673）、遵守简约原则、贝叶斯信息准则（BIC = 0.178）在候选模型中达到最低的组合选择最优模型。模型残差通过白噪声检验（Ljung-Box Q = 22.079, P = 0.141）。该模型在2023年验证集上的样本外性能进行了评估，其均方根误差（RMSE）为每10万人口2.65例，平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）为29.7%。对2024-2025年的预测表明，发病率水平稳定，夏季和秋季为季节性高峰，没有迹象表明会出现超出历史模式的大规模暴发。结论ARIMA乘法季节模型能较好地反映南宁市食源性疾病发病的季节规律。虽然短期预测精度是可以接受的，但模型的性能会受到异常数据点的影响。它是公共卫生领域短期预警和季节性资源规划的有用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Linking metabolic state to carbamazepine accumulation in Arctic benthic invertebrates 北极底栖无脊椎动物代谢状态与卡马西平积累的关系。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110489

Dagmara Leszczyńska , Mikołaj Mazurkiewicz , Adam Sokołowski , Katarzyna Smolarz , Maria Włodarska-Kowalczuk , Joanna Legeżyńska , Kajetan Deja , Aleksandra Bieżuńska , Natalia Kilijan , Julia Lisowska , Marcin Lipiński , Anna Hallmann

Pharmaceutical pollutants, such as carbamazepine (CBZ), are increasingly detected in polar marine ecosystems, raising concerns about their bioaccumulation and impact on resident fauna. This study investigated the presence of CBZ and metabolic alterations in two Arctic macrobenthic invertebrates: the suspension-feeding bivalve Ciliatocardium ciliatum and the predatory starfish Urasterias lincki, collected from two fjords of the Svalbard archipelago: Hornsund (77°N) and Kongsfjorden (79°N). Using LC-MS/MS, CBZ was detected exclusively in U. lincki tissues (0.14 ng/g wet weight), while it was absent in C. ciliatum, suggesting species-specific differences in bioaccumulation potential. Importantly, U. lincki exhibited significantly higher tissue lipid content (mainly cholesterol), approximately twice that of bivalves, which likely facilitated the accumulation of lipophilic compounds such as CBZ. Comprehensive metabolic profiling revealed that U. lincki also exhibited higher levels of ATP, glycogen, glutathione, and total antioxidant capacity, indicating a more active oxidative metabolism. In contrast, C. ciliatum showed signatures of metabolic downregulation, including elevated succinate, malate, and purine degradation products, suggesting a reliance on anaerobic pathways and limited detoxification capacity. These findings underscore the role of feeding strategy, lipid content, and oxidative stress regulation in shaping pharmaceutical accumulation in Arctic benthic fauna and highlight the vulnerability of cold-adapted organisms to persistent emerging pollutants in polar ecosystems.

在极地海洋生态系统中越来越多地检测到卡马西平（CBZ）等药物污染物，这引起了人们对其生物积累和对驻地动物群影响的关注。本研究调查了两种北极大型底栖无脊椎动物——悬浮摄食双壳类纤毛虫和掠食性海星Urasterias lincki——CBZ的存在和代谢变化，这些海星采集自斯瓦尔巴群岛的两个峡湾：Hornsund（77°N）和Kongsfjorden（79°N）。LC-MS/MS检测结果显示，CBZ仅在林芝组织中检测到（0.14 ng/g湿重），而在纤毛草组织中不存在，表明其生物蓄积潜力存在物种特异性差异。重要的是，美国林氏显示出明显更高的组织脂质含量（主要是胆固醇），大约是双壳类的两倍，这可能促进了亲脂化合物如CBZ的积累。综合代谢分析显示，U. lincki也表现出更高水平的ATP、糖原、谷胱甘肽和总抗氧化能力，表明其氧化代谢更活跃。相比之下，纤毛藤表现出代谢下调的特征，包括琥珀酸盐、苹果酸盐和嘌呤降解产物的升高，这表明它依赖于厌氧途径，解毒能力有限。这些发现强调了取食策略、脂质含量和氧化应激调节在形成北极底栖动物药物积累中的作用，并强调了极地生态系统中冷适应生物对持续出现的污染物的脆弱性。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding process differences in the impact of built–natural environments on compound heat–flood risks through urban physical characteristics 通过城市物理特征了解建筑-自然环境对复合热洪水风险影响的过程差异

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105599

Kaiping Wang , Chengbin Xi , Xin Liu , Lifu Zheng , Yunlu Zhang

Compound urban heat–flood risks are becoming a critical challenge for sustainable urban development. However, most existing studies focus only on surface-level analyses of how built and natural environments affect these risks, neglecting the intermediary transmission process. This study develops a multi-level analytical framework that incorporates urban physical characteristics as key mediators. Using Beijing’s high-density district as a case study, we first reveal an asymmetric causal relationship where heat risk exacerbates flood risk. The results of the cascading effect show that surface hardening shows a stronger direct effect on risk than ventilation cost, yet the built–natural environment generates a larger overall impact through ventilation cost. Specifically, natural environment pattern slightly reduces heat (−0.052) and flood risk (−0.047) by influencing ventilation. Natural environment configuration reduces heat (−0.332) and flood risk (−0.452), with 77.4% and 85.6% of the effects mediated by surface hardening. By contrast, the vertical built environment increases both heat and flood risk (0.218), with 75.7% and 63.3% of the effects mediated by ventilation cost. The horizontal built environment further amplifies risk by increasing both surface hardening (0.241) and ventilation cost (0.160). Finally, by leveraging the mediating effects of physical processes, we identify ventilation-dominated areas, hardening-dominated areas, and low-risk areas, and propose differentiated management strategies accordingly. This study confirms a multi-level transmission mechanism of “built–natural environment → urban physical characteristics → heat–flood risks” and underscores the importance of physical processes as mediators. The proposed framework demonstrates applicability and offers insights for urban risk research.

复合型城市热涝风险正成为城市可持续发展面临的严峻挑战。然而，大多数现有研究只关注于表面水平的分析，即人工环境和自然环境如何影响这些风险，而忽视了中间传播过程。本研究开发了一个多层次的分析框架，将城市物理特征作为关键的中介因素。以北京高密度区为例，我们首先揭示了高温风险加剧洪水风险的不对称因果关系。级联效应结果表明，地表硬化对风险的直接影响强于通风成本，而建筑自然环境通过通风成本对风险的整体影响更大。具体而言，自然环境模式通过影响通风，略微降低了热量（- 0.052）和洪水风险（- 0.047）。自然环境配置降低了热量（- 0.332）和洪水风险（- 0.452），其中表面硬化的作用分别为77.4%和85.6%。垂直建筑环境增加了高温和洪水风险（0.218），其中通风成本的影响分别为75.7%和63.3%。水平建筑环境通过增加表面硬化（0.241）和通风成本（0.160）进一步放大了风险。最后，通过利用物理过程的中介作用，我们确定了通风主导区、硬化主导区和低风险区，并提出了相应的差异化管理策略。研究证实了“建筑-自然环境→城市物理特征→热洪风险”的多层次传导机制，强调了物理过程作为中介的重要性。所提出的框架证明了其适用性，并为城市风险研究提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Mean annual temperature shapes distribution of the cryptic wader Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii) in the Northwestern Himalayas 年平均温度对喜玛拉雅西北地区隐水獭Ibisbill （Ibidorhyncha struthersii）分布的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127244

Iqram ul Haq, Khursheed Ahmad

The Ibisbill (Ibidorhyncha struthersii) is a cryptic high-altitude shorebird whose distribution remains poorly understood, particularly in relation to climatic constraints. Identifying areas of climatic suitability is essential for assessing the vulnerability of understudied montane species under climate change. We used an ensemble species distribution modelling approach with six bioclimatic variables to estimate current climatic suitability and project future changes across the Northwestern Himalayas. Weighted mean and committee averaging ensemble methods showed high predictive performance (AUC = 0.976 and 0.96; TSS = 0.893 and 0.89, respectively), supporting their reliability for climate-based projections. Among the predictors, mean annual temperature was the dominant driver, accounting for approximately 60% of relative importance, whereas other temperature- and precipitation-related variables contributed comparatively little to explaining the species’ distribution. Future projections indicate a net expansion in the area subject to suitable climatic conditions, particularly along mid-elevation river corridors. By focusing exclusively on climatic variables, this study provides a first-order assessment of climate-driven constraints on the distribution of a specialized montane riverine bird and establishes a baseline for long-term conservation planning, monitoring, and climate-adaptive management in Himalayan river systems.

Ibisbill （Ibidorhyncha struthersii）是一种神秘的高海拔滨鸟，其分布仍然知之甚少，特别是与气候限制的关系。确定气候适宜性区域对于评估未充分研究的山地物种在气候变化下的脆弱性至关重要。我们使用了一个包含6个生物气候变量的物种分布模型方法来估计西北喜马拉雅地区当前的气候适宜性和预测未来的变化。加权平均和委员会平均集合方法显示出较高的预测性能（AUC分别为0.976和0.96；TSS分别为0.893和0.89），支持了它们对气候预测的可靠性。在预测因子中，年平均温度是主要驱动因子，约占相对重要性的60%，而其他与温度和降水相关的变量对解释物种分布的贡献相对较小。未来的预测表明，在适当的气候条件下，该地区的净扩张，特别是沿中高河流走廊。通过对气候变量的专门研究，本研究提供了气候驱动的喜马拉雅河流鸟类分布限制的一级评估，并为喜马拉雅河流系统的长期保护规划、监测和气候适应性管理建立了基线。

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引用次数: 0

Phenotypic plasticity in two saxicolous lichen species: elevation and microsite effects on physiological and biochemical responses 两种沙棘地衣的表型可塑性：海拔和微生境对生理生化反应的影响

IF 2.2 3区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ECOLOGY

Fungal Ecology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2026.101497

Raúl Díaz , Guadalupe González Argüello , Edith Filippini , Mariana Peralta , Juan Manuel Rodríguez

Transplant experiments are vital for discerning environmental drivers of phenotypic plasticity. We used a transplant experiment along an elevational gradient in Central Argentina to evaluate plasticity in physiological and biochemical traits in two saxicolous lichen species, Parmotrema reticulatum and Usnea amblyoclada. We transplanted thalli to different elevations and microsites (differing rock aspect) and measured photosynthetic performance, hydrophobicity, and water retention traits in both species, and usnic acid concentration and extract yield in U. amblyoclada. We found that transplant to higher elevations reduced hydrophobicity and water holding capacity in both species. Transplantation to southern microsites increased water holding capacity. Usnic acid levels exhibited contrasting patterns, increasing in thalli transplanted to higher elevations and to northern microsites but decreasing in those moved to southern microsites. Extract yield was affected by both factors. Photosynthetic parameters showed no significant differences. Overall, elevation exerted a stronger influence on traits than microsite conditions. Our findings reveal that these lichen species possess a greater degree of phenotypic plasticity than traditionally assumed. The stronger effect of the broad elevational gradient over fine-scale microsite variation provides a key insight into the scale of environmental factors driving phenotypic change. This mechanistic, trait-based understanding of how organism-environment interactions scale from individual physiology to distribution patterns is critical for predicting species responses to environmental change.

移植实验对于识别表型可塑性的环境驱动因素至关重要。我们在阿根廷中部沿海拔梯度进行了一项移植实验，以评估两种沙囊地衣（Parmotrema reticulatum和Usnea amblyoclada）生理生化性状的可塑性。我们将菌体移植到不同的海拔高度和微场（不同的岩石朝向），并测量了两种植物的光合性能、疏水性和保水特性，以及美索菌的酸浓度和提取物产量。研究发现，高海拔地区的移栽降低了两种植物的疏水性和持水能力。移栽到南方微基地增加了持水能力。在移栽到较高海拔和北部微点的菌体中，Usnic酸水平呈上升趋势，而移栽到南部微点的菌体中Usnic酸水平则呈下降趋势。两种因素均对提取液收率有影响。光合参数无显著差异。总体而言，海拔对性状的影响大于微地条件。我们的研究结果表明，这些地衣物种具有比传统假设更大程度的表型可塑性。宽海拔梯度对细尺度微站点变化的更强影响为了解驱动表型变化的环境因子的尺度提供了关键见解。这种机制的、基于特征的理解是如何从个体生理到分布模式的生物-环境相互作用是预测物种对环境变化的反应的关键。

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引用次数: 0

Predicted habitat shifts and conservation priorities for climate-sensitive fish in mountain rivers across a climatic transition zone under future climate change 未来气候变化下跨气候过渡带山地河流气候敏感鱼类栖息地变化及保护重点预测

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2026.e04132

Yuchen Zheng , Baozhu Pan , Xing Liu , Tiezhi Jin , Peng Wang , Yiming Hou , Xiaoxue Li , Siquan Wang

Identifying suitable habitat shifts and climate refugia under climate change is essential for the conservation of freshwater fish, particularly in mountainous river systems. However, there is a lack of comprehensive evaluation frameworks to quantitatively assess the degree to which regional fish assemblages are affected. In addition, asymmetric habitat shift patterns in fish populations of mountainous rivers remain insufficiently explored. To address these gaps, we developed a climate-responsive evaluation framework—CR-TOPSIS—based on the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and applied it to assess current and future habitat changes for the Top 15 climate-sensitive species and other key protected species in the Qinba mountainous region, integrating environmental DNA surveys and targeted traditional capture, cross-validated against regional checklists and expert review with MaxEnt modeling. Projections were made under two climate scenarios (SSP126 and SSP585) for the period 2070–2100. Results indicated pronounced asymmetric habitat shift patterns, with leading-edge expansion consistently exceeding trailing-edge contraction across climate scenarios. Species distribution centroids exhibited a clear northward shift, averaging 1.76 km under SSP126 and 2.64 km under SSP585, reflecting enhanced redistribution under stronger warming. Coldwater and bottom-dwelling species experienced disproportionate habitat loss under high-emission scenarios, whereas eurythermal and pelagic-spawning species showed comparatively higher adaptive potential. Core climate refugia, defined by 100% spatial overlap across scenarios, covered approximately 0.51 × 10 ³ km² and were primarily concentrated along the midstream Hanjiang River and its tributaries, remaining stable under both climate pathways. This study demonstrates the utility of integrating molecular monitoring and species distribution models to detect climate-sensitive shifts, evaluate species vulnerability and conservation prioritization in montane freshwater ecosystems.

在气候变化下确定适宜的生境变化和气候避难所对于保护淡水鱼，特别是山区河流系统中的淡水鱼至关重要。然而，缺乏全面的评价框架来定量评估区域鱼类群落受影响的程度。此外，山区河流鱼类种群的不对称栖息地转移模式仍未得到充分探索。为了解决这些问题，我们开发了一个基于理想解决方案相似性排序偏好技术（TOPSIS）的气候响应性评估框架——cr -TOPSIS，并将其应用于秦巴山区前15个气候敏感物种和其他重点保护物种的当前和未来栖息地变化，结合环境DNA调查和有针对性的传统捕获，与区域清单交叉验证，并使用MaxEnt模型进行专家评审。在两个气候情景（SSP126和SSP585）下对2070-2100年进行了预估。结果表明，在不同的气候情景下，前沿扩张持续大于后缘收缩。物种分布质心明显北移，在SSP126下平均为1.76 km，在SSP585下平均为2.64 km，反映了在强增温下物种再分布增强。在高排放情景下，冷水和底栖物种的栖息地损失不成比例，而温带和远洋产卵物种的适应潜力相对较高。核心气候避难区面积约为0.51 × 10 ³ km²，主要集中在汉江中游及其支流沿线，在两种气候路径下均保持稳定。本研究展示了将分子监测与物种分布模型相结合在山地淡水生态系统中检测气候敏感变化、评估物种脆弱性和保护优先级的实用性。

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引用次数: 0

Limestone karst ecology and anthropogenic activities associated with cave-dwelling bats of Southern Shan State, Myanmar 缅甸掸邦南部穴居蝙蝠的石灰岩喀斯特生态与人类活动

IF 3.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Ecology and Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2026.e04071

Moe Moe Aung , Thura Soe Min Htike , Nang Phyu Phwe , Ohnmar Aung , Pyae Phyo Aung , Win Mar Yae , Sa Myo Zaw , Kyaw Naing Oo , Thae Hsu Wai , Hein Htet Aung , Yingying X.G. Wang , Olivia Cords , Rebekah C. Kading , Michael Boots , Hanna Ehrlich , Nicole R. Gardner , Christine K. Johnson , Tierra Smiley Evans

Limestone cave systems constitute an important ecological niche supporting numerous bat species in Southeast Asia, with Myanmar, having a particular high number of understudied caves. Investigating the natural and anthropogenic ecological drivers that influence higher densities and species diversity of bats co-roosting in these natural caverns is therefore vital for identifying regions of heightened conservation need. We examine characteristics of limestone caves and alternative sites of bat congregation/roosting associated with cave-dwelling bat abundance at 41 sites in Pinlaung Township, Southern Shan State, Myanmar. The characteristics evaluated included cave surface area and complexity, microclimate conditions, seasonality, and a modified biotic vulnerability (BV) index. Larger caves and caves with warmer temperatures were significantly more likely to support higher total numbers of bats. Further distance from the road was also associated with higher bat abundance; as the distance increased, human disturbance decreased, resulting in larger bat populations. The majority (63.2 %) of caves were classified as moderately vulnerable (BV class B), 18.4 % highly vulnerable (BV class A), and 18.4 % vulnerable (BV class C), indicating that environmental protections are essential to ensuring the long-term sustainability of cave-dwelling bat habitat within limestone karsts. Most cave sites evaluated faced multiple threats to bat populations, including bat hunting, guano harvesting, and cave development, which are known threats to cave-dwelling bats in other parts of Southeast Asia. This study identifies Southern Shan State, Myanmar as a critical habitat for limestone karst cave-dwelling bat species habitat that is in urgent need of conservation.

在东南亚，石灰岩洞穴系统构成了一个重要的生态位，支持着许多蝙蝠物种，其中缅甸的洞穴数量特别多。因此，调查影响蝙蝠在这些自然洞穴中共同栖息的更高密度和物种多样性的自然和人为生态驱动因素，对于确定高度保护需求的区域至关重要。我们研究了缅甸掸邦南部品朗镇41个地点的石灰岩洞穴和蝙蝠聚集/栖息的替代地点的特征，这些地点与穴居蝙蝠的丰度有关。评估的特征包括洞穴面积和复杂性、小气候条件、季节性和修正的生物脆弱性指数。较大的洞穴和温度较高的洞穴更有可能支持更多的蝙蝠总数。离公路越远，蝙蝠数量也越多；随着距离的增加，人类干扰减少，导致蝙蝠种群数量增加。大多数洞穴（63.2% %）被划分为中度脆弱（BV B类），18.4% %为高度脆弱（BV A类），18.4% %为脆弱（BV C类），表明环境保护对确保石灰岩岩溶洞穴蝙蝠栖息地的长期可持续性至关重要。大多数被评估的洞穴遗址都面临着蝙蝠种群的多重威胁，包括蝙蝠狩猎、鸟粪采集和洞穴开发，这些都是东南亚其他地区穴居蝙蝠面临的已知威胁。本研究将缅甸掸邦南部确定为急需保护的石灰岩喀斯特穴居蝙蝠的重要栖息地。

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引用次数: 0