环境科学与生态学最新文献

{"title":"Crystallinity- dependent heteroaggregation and co-sedimentation between polystyrene nanoplastics and iron (hydro)oxides","authors":"Jingyi He ,&nbsp;Pingxiao Wu ,&nbsp;Leiye Sun ,&nbsp;Jiayan Wu ,&nbsp;Tianming Wang ,&nbsp;Jieyu Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng Liu ,&nbsp;Nengwu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Iron (hydro)oxides (IOs) with different crystallinities are widespread in the aquatic environment. They coexist with nanoplastics (NPs) and tend to interact with each other. The properties of minerals can greatly influence the heteroaggregation of minerals and NPs, being manifested not only in the heteroaggregation capacity but also in the interaction mode. This study investigated the heteroaggregation and co-sedimentation between polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and IOs with different crystallinity. We found that the zeta potential of IOs increased with rising IOs crystallinity. DLVO calculations indicated stronger electrostatic attraction between negatively-charged NPs and highly-crystalline IOs, resulting in greater heteroaggregation capacity. In addition, the heteroaggregation capacity of PSNPs with IOs declined as the pH value and ion strength increased. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analyses indicated that there was strong hydrogen bonding between IOs with high crystallinity and PSNPs, contributing to a greater heteroaggregation capacity of PSNPs on highly-crystalline IOs than low-crystalline IOs. Zeta potential measurements revealed that negatively charged PSNPs heteroaggregated on the surface of positively charged IOs, capable of neutralizing or even reversing the surface charge. This, in turn, affected the sedimentation of IOs-PSNPs agglomerates and their fate. These findings elucidated the key role of crystallinity on the heteroaggregation between IOs and PSNPs, and offered insight into their environmental fate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125472"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alleviating Nitrogen and Phosphorus Limitation Does Not Amplify Potassium-Induced Increase in Terrestrial Biomass","authors":"Guopeng Liang,&nbsp;梁国鹏,&nbsp;Pengyan Sun,&nbsp;孙鹏燕,&nbsp;Bonnie G. Waring,&nbsp;Zheng Fu,&nbsp;Peter B. Reich","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70193","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Potassium (K) is the second most abundant nutrient element in plants after nitrogen (N), and has been shown to limit aboveground production in some contexts. However, the role of N and phosphorus (P) availability in mediating K limitation in terrestrial production remains poorly understood; and it is unknown whether K also limits belowground carbon (C) stocks, which contain at least three times more C than those aboveground stocks. By synthesizing 779 global paired observations (528, 125, and 126 for aboveground productivity, root biomass, and soil organic C [SOC], respectively), we found that K addition significantly increased aboveground production and SOC by 8% and 5%, respectively, but did not significantly affect root biomass (+9%). Moreover, enhanced N and/or P availability (through N and P addition) did not further amplify the positive effect of K on aboveground productivity. In other words, K had a positive effect on aboveground productivity only when N and/or P were limiting, indicating that K could somehow substitute for N or P when they were limiting. Climate variables mostly explained the variations in K effects; specifically, stronger positive responses of aboveground productivity and SOC to K were found in regions with high mean annual temperature and wetness. Our results suggest that K addition enhances C sequestration by increasing both aboveground productivity and SOC, contributing to climate mitigation, but the positive effects of K on terrestrial C stocks are not further amplified when N and P limitations are alleviated.</p>","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70193","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical Analysis of Basalt Weathering Disproves the Null Hypothesis","authors":"Adam Wolf","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70205","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;In addition to increasing net primary production, Kantola et al. (&lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;) demonstrated that enhanced weathering of applied basalt increased carbon (C) uptake in maize/soybean and bioenergy &lt;i&gt;Miscanthus&lt;/i&gt; agroecosystems by 102 g C m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; y&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt; and 234 g C m&lt;sup&gt;−2&lt;/sup&gt; y&lt;sup&gt;−1&lt;/sup&gt;, respectively. Derry et al. (&lt;span&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;) have raised concerns about the methods used to calculate EW in this paper. Here, I respond to their three core concerns.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Derry et al. observed that an elemental analysis of the Blue Ridge Metabasalt (BRMB) cited by Kantola et al. sum only to 78% rather than 100% and therefore question the quality of these data. A closer inspection of Kantola et al. and the data provided by ActLabs which analyzed the chemical composition indicates that the loss on ignition (LOI) for BRMB was ~5%, explaining part of the discrepancy. The remaining discrepancy appears to be tied to the strength of the digest used in Lewis et al. (&lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;), as applied to the particular mineralogy of BRMB. The mineralogy of BRMB use in Kantola et al. was initially described in Lewis et al. (&lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;) and is cited by Derry et al.; in this paper a 1-acid hydrofluoric (HF) digest was employed, which is not quantitative. Rather, Kantola et al. relied on data from ActLabs which employed a lithium borate ‘total fusion’ analysis, the most rigorous option. According to ActLabs, weaker digests, including 4-acid digests using HF, “…may not be total due to the mineralogy present in the samples”. Several analyses of BRMB, submitted by different groups to ActLabs and collected by the author, all sum to 100%.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Leaching of Mg and Ca through the soil column charge balances the leaching of bicarbonate, and measurement of the loss of these cations is central for calculating CDR by EW. Derry et al. incorrectly claim that Kantola et al. did not statistically resolve these losses between treatment plots and estimates of the rock-amended baseline. To calculate Mg and Ca losses, Kantola et al. measured the mean addition of base alkalinity (i.e., 2*(Mg + Ca) in equivalents per m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;) and the change in alkalinity in the amended plots. An analysis of variance for the experiment was conducted by the author to estimate the uncertainty in this quantity. In addition, Kantola et al. accounted for the charge removed by plant uptake of Mg and Ca relative to the control plots, as well as the charge offset by nitrate, again relative to the control plots. The values for base alkalinity clearly diverged between treatment plots and the rock-amended baseline over the course of the experiment (Figure 1), with no overlap of the 95% confidence intervals, demonstrating statistically resolved differences in the loss of these cations in the amended plots, providing clear evidence of the weathering and loss of applied cations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kantola et al. plotted (REE&lt;sub&gt;post application&lt;/sub&gt;—REE&lt;sub&gt;pre application&lt;/sub&gt;) versus REE&lt;sub&gt;b","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"31 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/gcb.70205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Ecological Impact of the Laluo Hydropower Station on Fish Migration and Spawning Habitats in Plateau River Systems","authors":"Yongzeng Huang,&nbsp;Hao Jiang,&nbsp;Xiaogang Wang,&nbsp;Hongze Li,&nbsp;Biao Wang,&nbsp;Kaixiao Chen,&nbsp;Jiangshan Ren,&nbsp;Zhe Wang,&nbsp;Jingjuan Li","doi":"10.1002/aqc.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aqc.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the impact of the Laluo Hydropower Station on fish community structure and spawning habitat, hydraulic and ecological surveys were conducted in typical upstream and downstream of the station, and the physical biotopes distribution and fish community composition were obtained. By comparing the differences in fish community structure and spawning environment factors between the natural river sections and the downstream river section of the dam, analyse the impact of the station on the spawning grounds of fish in the downstream reaches of the dam and extract the main influencing factors. Results showed that the fish community in the study area is composed of <i>Schizopygopsis younghusbandi</i>, <i>Schizothorox waltoni</i> and <i>Triplophysa</i> spp., with <i>S. younghusbandi</i> being the dominant species. The physical biotopes of the spawning grounds for <i>S. younghusbandi</i> includes pools or glide, with a water depth of 0.3 ~ 1.0 m, flow velocity &lt; 0.3 m/s and a substrate primarily consisting of fine particles such as sand and fine gravel. Downstream, the number of sexually mature individuals was low, with a skewed sex ratio, indicating significant spawning ground degradation. Water temperature, altered by the station's operation, was identified as the main factor disrupting spawning. This study contributes to the existing body of data and case studies in the field, advancing research on fish habitats in plateau rivers. It holds significant implications for the conservation of fish resources and the preservation of healthy aquatic ecosystems in these regions.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":55493,"journal":{"name":"Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems","volume":"35 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143865934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polylactic Acid Microplastics and Earthworms Drive Cadmium Bioaccumulation and Toxicity in the Soil–Radish Health Community","authors":"Changcheng Chen, Na Zheng, Huicheng Zhu, Qirui An, Xiaoqian Li, Liyuan Peng, Zhifei Xiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138391","url":null,"abstract":"Recent studies underscored the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) as vectors for cadmium (Cd) in soil-plant systems, yet the driven potential of soil fauna in real-world environments remains overlooked. This study examined the interactive effects of earthworms and polylactic acid (PLA) MPs (0.5% <em>w</em>/<em>w</em>) on rhizosphere biochemistry and Cd (2<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg)-induced phytotoxicity in radish. The combined treatment of earthworms and PLA MPs significantly increased the soil available Cd (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid -extractable Cd) from 0.79<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg to 1.01<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg compared to the Cd treatment (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and enhanced the bacterial network stability. Cd accumulation in radish was significantly elevated under the combined treatment (roots: 2.04<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg; leaves: 12.31<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg) compared to the Cd treatment (roots: 1.59<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg; leaves: 8.82<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). The combined treatment activated the radish antioxidant system. The combined treatment (roots: 6.08<!-- --> <!-- -->g; leaves: 1.65<!-- --> <!-- -->g) significantly reduced radish biomass compared to the Cd treatment (roots: 24.41<!-- --> <!-- -->g; leaves: 4.45<!-- --> <!-- -->g) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Metabolic <em>p</em>athways involving lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, membrane transport, and secondary metabolite biosynthesis were disrupted. Structural equation modeling identified rhizosphere soil properties (pH, SOM, and CEC) as well as Cd and antioxidant systems in the leaf as major contributors to radish growth inhibition.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"253 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143862433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Trichoderma atroviride G79/11 growth intensity and metabolic activity under different additives using Biolog system","authors":"Mohsin Ali,&nbsp;Justyna Cybulska,&nbsp;Artur Zdunek,&nbsp;Magdalena Frąc","doi":"10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibiod.2025.106104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Trichoderma</em> species have the ability to act as a safe and sustainable environmental way to enhance crop productivity and deal with pathogenic diversity. It is a crucial task to evaluate and boost their growth intensity and metabolic activity through an efficient and accurate method with novel nutritional sources. In the current study, Biolog MT2 microplates were used to evaluate the <em>T</em>. <em>atroviride</em> G79/11 growth intensity and metabolic activity in the presence of polysaccharide additives such as pectin fractions (water-soluble pectin-WSP, diluted alkali-soluble pectin-DASP, and oxalate soluble pectin-OSP) and bacterial cellulose (BC), fortified with inorganic salts. Pectin, as a significant component of fruit and vegetable industry waste, and bacterial cellulose, which has an exceptional water retention capacity, were used for the first time to stimulate the growth of <em>T. atroviride</em> G79/11. The highest metabolic efficiency of <em>T. artoviride</em> G79/11 was observed in WSP and OSP fractions supplemented with Ca, Zn, Mg and Fe. Glucose was recorded as a dominant constituent of BC composition, whereas galacturonic acid was detected with the highest amount of 84.53 %, 7.56 %, and 71.70 % of OSP, WSP, and DASP fractions, respectively. Applied polysaccharide solutions significantly differed in viscosity, which was also influenced by the sterilization process. The strain showed significantly high growth intensity and metabolic activity in potato dextrose broth amended with WSP, BC, ZnCl₂, saccharose, glucose, starch, and a combination of OSP with CaCl₂ additive as compared to its respective groups and combinations as well as FF-IF. This study emphasizes that natural polysaccharides and their possible composites can boost the growth intensity and metabolic activities of the fungal strain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13643,"journal":{"name":"International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106104"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raw sheep wool contamination with bisphenol A and parabens. An assessment of interregional differences","authors":"Sławomir Gonkowski ,&nbsp;Julia Martin ,&nbsp;Nariste Kadyralieva ,&nbsp;Irene Aparicio ,&nbsp;Juan Luis Santos ,&nbsp;Esteban Alonso ,&nbsp;Liliana Rytel","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this work is to investigate for the first time the contamination of raw wool with endocrine disruptor compounds - bisphenol A (BPA) and parabens (PBs), as well as to conduct the first biomonitoring study on long-term sheep exposure to these substances. The levels of BPA, methylparaben (MeP), ethylparaben (EtP), propylparaben (PrP) and butylparaben (BuP) were evaluated in wool samples (<em>n</em> = 100) from Kyrgyzstan and Poland using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method. The highest levels were noted for BPA (range: 46.9–502 ng/g, mean 132 ± 70.5 ng/g) and MeP (range: 3.4 ng/g–71.1 ng/g, mean 19.9 ± 13.8 ng/g). Lower levels were found for EtP (range: &lt;method quantification level (MQL) – 3.9 ng/g, mean 1.3 ± 0.7 ng/g), and levels of PrP and BuP did not exceed the MQL level in any sample. Differences in BPA, MeP and EtP levels between animals from Kyrgyzstan and Poland were noted. Some differences were also found between animals from places located close to each other in the same country. The results indicate that sheep are subject to long-term exposure to BPA and PBs, which depends on the local factors and likely negatively affect the animal's health status. This study highlights for the first time that raw natural sheep wool may be contaminated with BPA and PBs during the animal's life and, therefore, may be a potential source of human exposure to these substances.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"979 ","pages":"Article 179489"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing climate change impact of blue ammonia via carbon capture and utilization in life cycle modelling","authors":"Mutaz Chahrour,&nbsp;Christina Wulf,&nbsp;Petra Zapp","doi":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ammonia production represents a fundamental aspect of the global chemical industry. It is a significant contributor to carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, and it is necessary that innovative methods be developed to reduce its climate impact. This study assesses the environmental impact of blue ammonia production incorporating carbon capture and utilization (CCU) through a novel Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, based on the latest guidelines from the Together for Sustainability (TfS) initiative. This analysis is centred on three systems: grey ammonia (System A), blue ammonia with in-process carbon capture (System B), and blue ammonia utilizing system expansion via direct air capture (DAC) (System C). The results demonstrate that the production of grey ammonia in Germany generates 3.12 kgCO_2eq per kg of ammonia, predominantly due to emissions from steam methane reforming (SMR). The incorporation of in-process CO₂ capture in blue ammonia (System B) results in a climate impact of 1.79 kgCO_2eq for the functional unit of 1 kg ammonia plus 1.85 kg of succesfully captured CO₂. The implementation of system expansion via DAC (System C), as recommended by the TfS guidelines, results in a further reduction of ammonia emissions to 2.64 kgCO_2eq, in comparison to System A. This approach also yields a net negative impact of −0.85 kgCO_2eq for the captured CO₂ co-product, enabling the realization of the shared incentivization objective articulated in the suggested guideline. The regional scenarios convincingly demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves varying levels of success, often leading to more polarized incentivization. The future scenario will significantly enhance the benefits of CCU and the utilization of CO₂ as a co-product. However, this will be at the expense of incentivizing the production of blue ammonia. This work advances the methodologies for LCA of multi-functional CCU systems, demonstrating the potential for shared incentives in the transition to a new ammonia generation system as a prime example. Nonetheless, it also highlights limitations in regions where the energy source is dominated by fossil fuels or where the energy source is fully renewable. The current TfS framework methodology proposition is therefore a short-term solution to promote the sustainable production of blue ammonia with CCU applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":356,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Environmental Management","volume":"383 ","pages":"Article 125438"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the migration pathway and isotopic composition of Zn in soil, plant and water in mining area","authors":"Jing Kong, Qingjun Guo, Rongfei Wei, Ou Sha, Mingyan Mao, Suchang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138394","url":null,"abstract":"Isotopic tracing has been widely used to identify the sources and migration processes of Zn in diverse environments. However, Zn isotope fractionation during the migration process within the mining area poses challenges to the accuracy of isotopic tracing. To address this issue, a representative Pb-Zn mining area in the karst region of southwestern China was selected as the study area, given its long-term tailings’ pollution history and the extensive spatial distribution of Zn migration. End-member samples and environmental media (soil, plants, river water and groundwater) were systematically collected, and heavy metal concentrations and isotopic signatures were analyzed. The migration pathways of Zn and associated isotopic fractionation from end members to surrounding environments were comprehensively investigated. Results indicated that tailings constitute the dominant source of Zn, with ZnS weathering being the primary driver of Zn isotopic variability in soils. Eluviation process, characterized by selective transport of soluble Zn²⁺ enriched in heavy isotopes, was identified as the key mechanism governing Zn migration across the soil-plant-river continuum. Retention processes (adsorption by organic matter, plant uptake, and mineral interactions) exhibited minimal influence on soil Zn isotopic composition. These findings advance the understanding of Zn and Zn isotope cycling in karst ecosystems and provide a scientific basis for formulating pollution control strategies in mining areas.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143867094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulk density calculation methods systematically alter estimates of soil organic carbon stocks in United States forests","authors":"Ashley K. Lang,&nbsp;Melissa A. Pastore,&nbsp;Brian F. Walters,&nbsp;Grant M. Domke","doi":"10.1007/s10533-025-01235-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10533-025-01235-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soils are the largest terrestrial carbon sink on Earth, yet substantial uncertainty in the size and stability of this pool remains. Much of this uncertainty stems from the characterization of bulk density, which is the mass of a soil sample divided by its volume, a key property in the calculation of soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. We used data from nearly 2900 plots in the United States (U.S.) Nationwide Forest Inventory to quantify SOC stocks in forests with three common methods of calculating soil bulk density. Mean SOC stocks calculated with these methods varied by up to 13 Mg ha⁻¹, a difference equivalent to more than 70 percent of the 2022 economy-wide carbon dioxide emissions in the U.S. when scaled across all forest area. These differences were primarily driven by inconsistent treatment of coarse materials (i.e. rocks and roots) in soil bulk density calculations, which led to an overestimation of SOC content by 32 percent of the mean SOC stock across all U.S. forests. The largest discrepancies were found in soils with high coarse fragment content, which are more common in ecologically sensitive ecosystems like alpine zones and drylands, and in commercially important softwood forest types. Quantifying the size and stability of SOC in the land sector is essential to understanding how this carbon pool may serve as a nature-based solution to climate change. Consistent and transparent methods are necessary when estimating and reporting SOC content and when comparing SOC dynamics across ecological gradients, with disturbance, and over time.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8901,"journal":{"name":"Biogeochemistry","volume":"168 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10533-025-01235-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143861344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}