环境科学与生态学最新文献_第7页

Forest management in a French Natura 2000 conservation site: integrating or keeping environmental standards at a distance? 法国Natura 2000保护区的森林管理：整合或保持环境标准？

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127203

Elodie Brahic, Philippe Deuffic

While biodiversity issues are increasingly recognised, their implementation can sometimes be contentious, particularly within forest ownership, as seen with the Natura 2000 network. The low uptake of Natura 2000 charters and contracts makes it difficult to ascertain the actions of landowners in these protected forest areas. To investigate the behaviour of forest owners in such areas, we conducted semi-directive interviews and a quantitative survey using a closed-ended questionnaire in the Ciron Valley (Gironde, France), which is renowned for its beech forests relics considered as refugia of the last glacial period. Data analysis combining discourse analysis and statistical methods (variable classification and hierarchical ascending classification) revealed six typical behavioural profiles. Three of these reflect a voluntary pro-environmental commitment that can be attributed to ethical, practical, or economic motivations. These groups view the Natura 2000 area as a laboratory for testing environmental and forestry transition paths. The other three groups do not feel strongly compelled by the Natura 2000 environmental regulations, viewing them primarily as binding obligations. Despite their initial hostility towards the Habitats Directive in the 2000s, a sense of belonging to, and a collective defence of, the site is now emerging. The appropriation of the site reflects real changes in pro-environmental behaviour, as well as the strategic use of its protected status. The focus of the debate has shifted, with discussions now centring on the most appropriate types of environmental action and their relevance within broader contexts, such as climate change mitigation.

虽然生物多样性问题越来越被认识到，但它们的实施有时会引起争议，特别是在森林所有权范围内，正如Natura 2000网络所看到的那样。由于对Natura 2000宪章和合同的接受程度较低，因此很难确定这些森林保护区的土地所有者的行动。为了调查这些地区森林所有者的行为，我们在法国吉伦特市的西隆河谷（Ciron Valley）进行了半指示访谈和封闭式问卷定量调查，该地区以其山毛榉森林遗迹而闻名，被认为是最后一个冰川期的避难所。结合话语分析和统计方法（变量分类和层次上升分类）的数据分析揭示了六种典型的行为特征。其中三个反映了出于道德、实际或经济动机的自愿环保承诺。这些团体将Natura 2000地区视为测试环境和林业转型路径的实验室。其他三个团体并不觉得受到《自然2000》环境法规的强烈强迫，他们主要将其视为具有约束力的义务。尽管他们最初在2000年代对栖息地指令充满敌意，但一种归属感和集体防御意识正在出现。该场地的占用反映了亲环境行为的真正变化，以及对其受保护地位的战略利用。辩论的焦点已经转移，现在的讨论集中在最适当的环境行动类型及其在更广泛背景下的相关性，例如减缓气候变化。

{"title":"Forest management in a French Natura 2000 conservation site: integrating or keeping environmental standards at a distance?","authors":"Elodie Brahic, Philippe Deuffic","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2025.127203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While biodiversity issues are increasingly recognised, their implementation can sometimes be contentious, particularly within forest ownership, as seen with the Natura 2000 network. The low uptake of Natura 2000 charters and contracts makes it difficult to ascertain the actions of landowners in these protected forest areas. To investigate the behaviour of forest owners in such areas, we conducted semi-directive interviews and a quantitative survey using a closed-ended questionnaire in the Ciron Valley (Gironde, France), which is renowned for its beech forests relics considered as refugia of the last glacial period. Data analysis combining discourse analysis and statistical methods (variable classification and hierarchical ascending classification) revealed six typical behavioural profiles. Three of these reflect a voluntary pro-environmental commitment that can be attributed to ethical, practical, or economic motivations. These groups view the Natura 2000 area as a laboratory for testing environmental and forestry transition paths. The other three groups do not feel strongly compelled by the Natura 2000 environmental regulations, viewing them primarily as binding obligations. Despite their initial hostility towards the Habitats Directive in the 2000s, a sense of belonging to, and a collective defence of, the site is now emerging. The appropriation of the site reflects real changes in pro-environmental behaviour, as well as the strategic use of its protected status. The focus of the debate has shifted, with discussions now centring on the most appropriate types of environmental action and their relevance within broader contexts, such as climate change mitigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145980254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vegetation mediates the effect of management and habitat on Auchenorrhyncha species richness, but not community quality, in restored grasslands 在恢复草原中，植被调节管理和生境对柽桐物种丰富度的影响，但不调节群落质量

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127231

Valeria Trivellone , Christopher H. Dietrich , Bernd Panassiti , Abigail Pagels , Eric Janssen , Paul B. Marcum , Sara Johnson , Susan D. McIntyre , Mary Ann Feist , David N. Zaya , Thomas J. Benson , Brenda Molano-Flores

Insects represent the largest component of global biodiversity, and widespread declines in their richness and abundance have raised concerns about ecosystem functioning. Yet insect communities in natural and semi-natural grasslands, and the drivers of their recent changes, remain poorly studied at broad spatial scales. In Illinois (USA), efforts to preserve and restore native tallgrass prairies have been ongoing for decades, but their impact on native insect communities remain poorly understood. We conducted a statewide assessment of Auchenorrhyncha communities (Hemiptera, hereafter ‘hoppers’) along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance. By sampling both plants and hoppers across prairie habitats, we evaluated how management practices and habitat history influence hopper communities through direct and indirect (trophic) pathways. Using community-level analyses and structural equation modeling, we tested hypotheses regarding direct and indirect effects of management intensity, habitat type, and environmental factors on plant and hopper communities. Responses were assessed for prairie-dependent species (e.g., Flexamia grammica and Calamovilfa longifolia), overall species richness (plants and hoppers), and habitat quality indices (Floristic Quality Index, Auchenorrhyncha Quality Index [AQI]). Higher management intensity indirectly promotes hopper species richness through enhanced plant species richness. However, this pattern did not extend to the AQI, which declined significantly under high-intensity management in hill prairies, which currently serve as refuges for the remaining prairie specialist hoppers. These findings suggest that while prairie management benefits plant diversity, its effects on prairie-dependent insect communities are more complex and mediated by ecological and historical factors. Effective conservation of hopper communities may therefore require targeted, habitat-specific management strategies.

昆虫是全球生物多样性的最大组成部分，其丰富度和丰度的普遍下降引起了人们对生态系统功能的担忧。然而，在广泛的空间尺度上，对自然和半自然草地上的昆虫群落及其近期变化的驱动因素的研究仍然很少。在美国伊利诺斯州，保护和恢复本土高草草原的努力已经进行了几十年，但它们对本土昆虫群落的影响仍然知之甚少。我们沿着人为干扰的梯度对全州范围内的Auchenorrhyncha群落（半翅目，以下简称“跳虫”）进行了评估。通过对草原生境的植物和跳虫进行采样，我们评估了管理实践和生境历史如何通过直接和间接（营养）途径影响跳虫群落。利用群落水平分析和结构方程模型，验证了管理强度、生境类型和环境因子对植物和飞蛾群落的直接和间接影响。评估了草原依赖物种（如Flexamia grammica和Calamovilfa longifolia）、总体物种丰富度（植物和跳蝇）和生境质量指数（Floristic quality Index, Auchenorrhyncha quality Index [AQI]）的响应。较高的管理强度通过提高植物物种丰富度间接促进了飞蛾物种丰富度。然而，这种模式并没有延伸到AQI，在高强度管理下，AQI显著下降，目前这些草原是剩余草原专科跳鸟的避难所。这些发现表明，虽然草原管理有利于植物多样性，但其对草原依赖昆虫群落的影响更为复杂，并受到生态和历史因素的调节。因此，有效保护跳虫群落可能需要有针对性的、针对栖息地的管理策略。

{"title":"Vegetation mediates the effect of management and habitat on Auchenorrhyncha species richness, but not community quality, in restored grasslands","authors":"Valeria Trivellone , Christopher H. Dietrich , Bernd Panassiti , Abigail Pagels , Eric Janssen , Paul B. Marcum , Sara Johnson , Susan D. McIntyre , Mary Ann Feist , David N. Zaya , Thomas J. Benson , Brenda Molano-Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Insects represent the largest component of global biodiversity, and widespread declines in their richness and abundance have raised concerns about ecosystem functioning. Yet insect communities in natural and semi-natural grasslands, and the drivers of their recent changes, remain poorly studied at broad spatial scales. In Illinois (USA), efforts to preserve and restore native tallgrass prairies have been ongoing for decades, but their impact on native insect communities remain poorly understood. We conducted a statewide assessment of Auchenorrhyncha communities (Hemiptera, hereafter ‘hoppers’) along a gradient of anthropogenic disturbance. By sampling both plants and hoppers across prairie habitats, we evaluated how management practices and habitat history influence hopper communities through direct and indirect (trophic) pathways. Using community-level analyses and structural equation modeling, we tested hypotheses regarding direct and indirect effects of management intensity, habitat type, and environmental factors on plant and hopper communities. Responses were assessed for prairie-dependent species (e.g., <em>Flexamia grammica</em> and <em>Calamovilfa longifolia</em>), overall species richness (plants and hoppers), and habitat quality indices (Floristic Quality Index, Auchenorrhyncha Quality Index [AQI]). Higher management intensity indirectly promotes hopper species richness through enhanced plant species richness. However, this pattern did not extend to the AQI, which declined significantly under high-intensity management in hill prairies, which currently serve as refuges for the remaining prairie specialist hoppers. These findings suggest that while prairie management benefits plant diversity, its effects on prairie-dependent insect communities are more complex and mediated by ecological and historical factors. Effective conservation of hopper communities may therefore require targeted, habitat-specific management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Threats to the conservation of protected natural areas in Mexico 对墨西哥自然保护区保护的威胁

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127226

Dulce Guadalupe García-Flores , Martha Mariela Zarco-González , Ángel Balbuena-Serrano , Zuleyma Zarco-González , Octavio Monroy-Vilchis

Protected Natural Areas (PNA) are a primary tool for conserving biodiversity and are used internationally. However, there is currently no decree ensuring their proper functioning, especially considering the rapid expansion of human activities. In Mexico, 182 PNA have been decreed, of which 125 terrestrial areas were analyzed to assess fragmentation and connectivity using land cover data from the MAD-Mex system (Monitoring Activity Data for the Mexican REDD + program) and a least-cost path modeling approach. A cluster analysis based on fragmentation metrics resulted in the formation of three groups of PNA, which were classified through discriminant analysis into low, medium, and high vulnerability levels. Subsequently, the extreme groups (low and high vulnerability) were characterized using nine socioeconomic variables, through a generalized linear model. The most vulnerable PNA are concentrated in the central region of the country, where population density, mining activity, and proximity to metropolitan areas increase fragmentation and reduce connectivity. A generalized linear model showed that the vulnerability of PNA increases with human population density and the presence of mines, while it decreases with distance to metropolitan areas and the presence of tourist areas. This analysis provides important insights into the local threats faced by each of Mexico’s terrestrial PNA. Such information is crucial for improving management plans and conservation strategies tailored to the specific threats confronting these areas.

自然保护区（PNA）是保护生物多样性的主要工具，在国际上得到广泛使用。但是，目前没有法令确保其适当运作，特别是考虑到人类活动的迅速扩大。在墨西哥，已经颁布了182个PNA，使用MAD-Mex系统（墨西哥REDD +计划的监测活动数据）的土地覆盖数据和最低成本路径建模方法，分析了其中125个陆地区域，以评估碎片化和连通性。基于碎片化指标的聚类分析将PNA划分为三组，并通过判别分析将其分为低、中、高脆弱性。随后，通过广义线性模型，利用9个社会经济变量对极端群体（低脆弱性和高脆弱性）进行了表征。最脆弱的PNA集中在该国的中部地区，那里的人口密度、采矿活动和靠近大都市地区加剧了碎片化，减少了连通性。广义线性模型表明，PNA的脆弱性随着人口密度和地雷的存在而增加，而随着距大都市的距离和旅游区的存在而降低。这一分析为了解墨西哥每一种陆地PNA面临的当地威胁提供了重要的见解。这些信息对于改进针对这些地区面临的具体威胁的管理计划和保护战略至关重要。

{"title":"Threats to the conservation of protected natural areas in Mexico","authors":"Dulce Guadalupe García-Flores , Martha Mariela Zarco-González , Ángel Balbuena-Serrano , Zuleyma Zarco-González , Octavio Monroy-Vilchis","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protected Natural Areas (PNA) are a primary tool for conserving biodiversity and are used internationally. However, there is currently no decree ensuring their proper functioning, especially considering the rapid expansion of human activities. In Mexico, 182 PNA have been decreed, of which 125 terrestrial areas were analyzed to assess fragmentation and connectivity using land cover data from the MAD-Mex system (Monitoring Activity Data for the Mexican REDD + program) and a least-cost path modeling approach. A cluster analysis based on fragmentation metrics resulted in the formation of three groups of PNA, which were classified through discriminant analysis into low, medium, and high vulnerability levels. Subsequently, the extreme groups (low and high vulnerability) were characterized using nine socioeconomic variables, through a generalized linear model. The most vulnerable PNA are concentrated in the central region of the country, where population density, mining activity, and proximity to metropolitan areas increase fragmentation and reduce connectivity. A generalized linear model showed that the vulnerability of PNA increases with human population density and the presence of mines, while it decreases with distance to metropolitan areas and the presence of tourist areas. This analysis provides important insights into the local threats faced by each of Mexico’s terrestrial PNA. Such information is crucial for improving management plans and conservation strategies tailored to the specific threats confronting these areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological niche modelling of Saussurea obvallata (DC.) Sch.Bip., a culturally and medicinally important threatened species of Indian Himalayan region 小叶雪莲生态位模型研究Sch.Bip。印度喜马拉雅地区的一种文化和医学上重要的濒危物种

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127240

Gourav Devtalla , Praveen Gunwant , Anil Kumar Yadava , Manish Tripathi

The prediction of species distribution is a cardinal tool for conservation and recuperation planning of medicinally and culturally important plant species. Climate change accompanied with anthropogenic pressures are the imperative factors in changing the alpine vegetation’s habitat and causing their natural habitat to shrink in numbers. Saussurea obvallata (DC.) Sch.Bip., is an important yet highly threatened medicinal herb of the Himalayan region. Overexploitation and unscientific harvesting have resulted in the steep decline of the plant’s natural habitat populations. The present study aims to the model the present and future distribution of S. obvallata, using MaxEnt in Uttarakhand state, India. The authors selected twenty-six variables (bioclimatic, topographic and pedologic) and 38 well-dispersed species occurrence points to predict the potential distribution of S. obvallata in Uttarakhand. Future distributions were projected under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5) scenarios using two Global Circulation Models for the period 2021–2040 and 2041–2060. Results showed that the MaxEnt model was accurate, with the area under ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve reaching 0.9352 with isothermality, precipitation of warmest quarter, temperature of annual range, mean diurnal range and aspect emerging as the major contributing variables to the model. The study identified 1378.88 km² high suitability area and 5135 km² area with medium suitability for S. obvallata in Uttarakhand. The results of this study can be used to plan conservation strategies and prioritizing the highly suitable areas to be used as rehabilitation sites for S. obvallata. Overall, this study highlights an urgent need for instantaneous policy interventions to protect S. obvallata from habitat fragmentation, unscientific harvesting, and over exploitation.

物种分布预测是制定重要药用和文化植物物种保护和恢复规划的重要工具。气候变化和人为压力是导致高寒植被生境变化和自然生境减少的重要因素。雪莲（DC.）Sch.Bip。是喜马拉雅地区一种重要但受到高度威胁的草药。过度开发和不科学的采伐导致了该植物自然栖息地数量的急剧下降。本研究旨在利用MaxEnt在印度北阿坎德邦建立S. obvallata现在和未来分布的模型。选取生物气候、地形、土壤学等26个变量和38个分布较广的物种分布点，预测了北阿坎德邦白骨螺的潜在分布。利用两种全球环流模式预测了2021-2040年和2041-2060年两种共享社会经济路径（SSP2-4.5、SSP5-8.5）情景下的未来分布。结果表明，MaxEnt模型准确，ROC （Receiver Operating Characteristic）曲线下面积达到0.9352，其中等温、最暖季降水、年差温、平均日差和坡向是影响模型的主要变量。在北阿坎德邦确定了1378.88 km2的高适宜区和5135 km2的中等适宜区。本研究结果可用于规划保护策略和优先选择高度适宜的区域作为黑桫椤的恢复地点。总体而言，本研究强调迫切需要立即采取政策干预措施，以保护黑桫椤免受栖息地破碎化、不科学采伐和过度开发的影响。

{"title":"Ecological niche modelling of Saussurea obvallata (DC.) Sch.Bip., a culturally and medicinally important threatened species of Indian Himalayan region","authors":"Gourav Devtalla , Praveen Gunwant , Anil Kumar Yadava , Manish Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The prediction of species distribution is a cardinal tool for conservation and recuperation planning of medicinally and culturally important plant species. Climate change accompanied with anthropogenic pressures are the imperative factors in changing the alpine vegetation’s habitat and causing their natural habitat to shrink in numbers. <em>Saussurea obvallata</em> (DC.) Sch.Bip., is an important yet highly threatened medicinal herb of the Himalayan region. Overexploitation and unscientific harvesting have resulted in the steep decline of the plant’s natural habitat populations. The present study aims to the model the present and future distribution of <em>S. obvallata</em>, using MaxEnt in Uttarakhand state, India. The authors selected twenty-six variables (bioclimatic, topographic and pedologic) and 38 well-dispersed species occurrence points to predict the potential distribution of <em>S. obvallata</em> in Uttarakhand. Future distributions were projected under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP2-4.5, SSP5-8.5) scenarios using two Global Circulation Models for the period 2021–2040 and 2041–2060. Results showed that the MaxEnt model was accurate, with the area under ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) curve reaching 0.9352 with isothermality, precipitation of warmest quarter, temperature of annual range, mean diurnal range and aspect emerging as the major contributing variables to the model. The study identified 1378.88 km<sup>2</sup> high suitability area and 5135 km<sup>2</sup> area with medium suitability for <em>S. obvallata</em> in Uttarakhand. The results of this study can be used to plan conservation strategies and prioritizing the highly suitable areas to be used as rehabilitation sites for <em>S. obvallata</em>. Overall, this study highlights an urgent need for instantaneous policy interventions to protect <em>S. obvallata</em> from habitat fragmentation, unscientific harvesting, and over exploitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of the overall protection of threatened fauna and flora species from France, globally and across territories and taxonomic groups 法国濒危动植物物种总体保护的量化，全球范围内，跨地域和分类群

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127209

Julie Rode , Raphaël Marchand , Rémy Poncet , Geoffroy Dufay

In a context of rapid biodiversity loss, the protection of threatened species has become a crucial stake. By comparing the reference databases of threatened and protected fauna and flora species from France, we quantified the gap between threat evaluation and protection legislation. More than half of threatened species are not protected. The distribution over taxonomic groups and administrative units display a largely uneven bias geographically towards mainland France and Corsica, and taxonomically towards the vertebrates’ group. Such bias can also be found among described species and species classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which leads to an underestimation of the number of threatened species. It becomes urgent to accelerate the evaluation of species threat level and to improve their protection – either directly or indirectly (e.g. through the protection of “umbrella species”, selected based on documented species to species, or species to habitats relationships) to use protection status as an efficient mean to stop and reverse the decline.

在生物多样性迅速丧失的背景下，保护濒危物种已成为一项至关重要的利益。通过对法国濒危和受保护动植物物种参考数据库的比较，我们量化了威胁评估与保护立法之间的差距。超过一半的濒危物种没有得到保护。在分类类群和行政单位上的分布表现出很大的不均衡，地理上偏向法国大陆和科西嘉岛，分类上偏向脊椎动物类群。在被描述的物种和被国际自然保护联盟分类的物种中也可以发现这种偏见，这导致了对受威胁物种数量的低估。当务之急是加快物种威胁水平的评估，并直接或间接地（例如，通过保护“保护伞物种”，根据记录的物种对物种或物种对栖息地的关系选择），利用保护状态作为阻止和扭转下降的有效手段。

{"title":"Quantification of the overall protection of threatened fauna and flora species from France, globally and across territories and taxonomic groups","authors":"Julie Rode , Raphaël Marchand , Rémy Poncet , Geoffroy Dufay","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a context of rapid biodiversity loss, the protection of threatened species has become a crucial stake. By comparing the reference databases of threatened and protected fauna and flora species from France, we quantified the gap between threat evaluation and protection legislation. More than half of threatened species are not protected. The distribution over taxonomic groups and administrative units display a largely uneven bias geographically towards mainland France and Corsica, and taxonomically towards the vertebrates’ group. Such bias can also be found among described species and species classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature, which leads to an underestimation of the number of threatened species. It becomes urgent to accelerate the evaluation of species threat level and to improve their protection – either directly or indirectly (e.g. through the protection of “umbrella species”, selected based on documented species to species, or species to habitats relationships) to use protection status as an efficient mean to stop and reverse the decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127209"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145941047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Next generation risk assessment: A proof of concept for the integration of genomic data on cold tolerance into quantitative microbial risk assessment for Campylobacter jejuni in poultry meat 下一代风险评估：将耐寒性基因组数据整合到禽肉中空肠弯曲杆菌的定量微生物风险评估的概念证明

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Microbial Risk Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2026.100365

Eduardo de Freitas Costa , Andries A. Kampfraath , Dirkjan Schokker , Menno van der Voort , Roan Pijnacker , Clazien J. de Vos , Eric G. Evers , Alex Bossers , Jose L. Gonzales , Ewa Pacholewicz

Quantitative Microbiological Risk assessment (QMRA) models are essential tools for setting up mitigation strategies. Traditional QMRA modelling approaches do not account for the correlation between genetic traits and variability among pathogens, potentially leading to over- or underestimation of microbial exposure and associated risks. We aimed to integrate genomic data into QMRA to propagate bacterial strain variability and update the existing framework of QMRA, following a Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) approach. We used a benchmark QMRA model describing the prevalence and concentration of Campylobacter jejuni on chicken in all stages from farm-to-fork, to model the risk of infection and illness related to consumption of chicken meat. We integrated extended the storage step, to account for genetic variability in cold inactivation by incorporating gene-level genomic data associated with cold tolerance, derived from literature and a large C. jejuni genomic dataset, into the traditional QMRA model by setting up cold inactivation curves from existing data to map the relationship between the number of cold tolerance genes and temperature-dependent inactivation. The predicted number of cases was 8822 human cases/year in the benchmark QMRA model. The contamination of meat with C. jejuni strains having lower cold tolerance genes can reduce the expected number of human campylobacteriosis cases up to 100%; on the other hand, higher number of cold tolerance genes resulted in an increase up to 335.8% on the expected number of cases. Although our results are based on simulations, we show a potential implementation of the genetic information into QMRA, linking risk estimates with whole-genome sequencing data. More research is needed to understand how genetic features shape phenotypical characteristics, which is one of the main uncertainties in the current NGRA model, and to further explore the implications for risk management.

定量微生物风险评估（QMRA）模型是制定缓解战略的重要工具。传统的QMRA建模方法没有考虑遗传性状和病原体变异性之间的相关性，可能导致高估或低估微生物暴露和相关风险。我们的目标是将基因组数据整合到QMRA中，以传播细菌菌株变异性并更新现有的QMRA框架，采用下一代风险评估（NGRA）方法。我们使用了一个基准QMRA模型，描述了从农场到餐桌的所有阶段鸡肉上空肠弯曲杆菌的患病率和浓度，以模拟与鸡肉消费相关的感染和疾病风险。为了解释冷失活的遗传变异性，我们整合了扩展存储步骤，通过将与耐寒性相关的基因水平基因组数据（来自文献和大型空肠C. jejuni基因组数据集）纳入传统的QMRA模型，通过从现有数据中建立冷失活曲线来绘制耐寒基因数量与温度依赖性失活之间的关系。在基准QMRA模型中，预测病例数为8822例/年。具有较低耐寒基因的空肠梭菌污染肉类可使人类弯曲杆菌病的预期病例数减少100%；另一方面，耐冷基因数量的增加导致预期病例数增加了335.8%。虽然我们的结果是基于模拟，但我们展示了将遗传信息应用于QMRA的潜在实现，将风险估计与全基因组测序数据联系起来。遗传特征是如何塑造表型特征的，这是当前NGRA模型的主要不确定性之一，需要进一步研究，并进一步探讨其对风险管理的影响。

{"title":"Next generation risk assessment: A proof of concept for the integration of genomic data on cold tolerance into quantitative microbial risk assessment for Campylobacter jejuni in poultry meat","authors":"Eduardo de Freitas Costa , Andries A. Kampfraath , Dirkjan Schokker , Menno van der Voort , Roan Pijnacker , Clazien J. de Vos , Eric G. Evers , Alex Bossers , Jose L. Gonzales , Ewa Pacholewicz","doi":"10.1016/j.mran.2026.100365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mran.2026.100365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantitative Microbiological Risk assessment (QMRA) models are essential tools for setting up mitigation strategies. Traditional QMRA modelling approaches do not account for the correlation between genetic traits and variability among pathogens, potentially leading to over- or underestimation of microbial exposure and associated risks. We aimed to integrate genomic data into QMRA to propagate bacterial strain variability and update the existing framework of QMRA, following a Next Generation Risk Assessment (NGRA) approach. We used a benchmark QMRA model describing the prevalence and concentration of <em>Campylobacter jejuni</em> on chicken in all stages from farm-to-fork, to model the risk of infection and illness related to consumption of chicken meat. We integrated extended the storage step, to account for genetic variability in cold inactivation by incorporating gene-level genomic data associated with cold tolerance, derived from literature and a large <em>C. jejuni</em> genomic dataset, into the traditional QMRA model by setting up cold inactivation curves from existing data to map the relationship between the number of cold tolerance genes and temperature-dependent inactivation. The predicted number of cases was 8822 human cases/year in the benchmark QMRA model. The contamination of meat with <em>C. jejuni</em> strains having lower cold tolerance genes can reduce the expected number of human campylobacteriosis cases up to 100%; on the other hand, higher number of cold tolerance genes resulted in an increase up to 335.8% on the expected number of cases. Although our results are based on simulations, we show a potential implementation of the genetic information into QMRA, linking risk estimates with whole-genome sequencing data. More research is needed to understand how genetic features shape phenotypical characteristics, which is one of the main uncertainties in the current NGRA model, and to further explore the implications for risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48593,"journal":{"name":"Microbial Risk Analysis","volume":"31 ","pages":"Article 100365"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The importance of riparian forests as corridors for mammals in a productive landscape of the Yungas 河岸森林作为哺乳动物走廊的重要性

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127213

Sebastian A. Albanesi , Roberto Cáceres , Agustina Novillo , Laura M. Bellis

In agricultural landscapes, riparian forests often represent the last remaining fragments of native habitats, facilitating wildlife movement and playing a crucial role in conservation. In the Yungas, a forest ecoregion east of the Andes mountain range in South America, these forests still support significant mammal diversity; however, they remain poorly studied. The aim of this study is therefore to assess the importance of riparian forest corridors for mammal communities within a productive matrix, compared to those in a continuous forest landscape. We used diversity indices, PERMANOVA and SIMPER analysis to compare species frequency variation between riparian forest types. Furthermore, we employed principal component analysis (PCA) and generalised linear models (GLMs) to identify the variables that explain habitat use. The species richness and diversity indices of both riparian forest types were similar. Seven species contributed to the dissimilarity between the situations. The most frequently recorded mammal species differed between the two environments: the agouti (Dasyprocta variegata) was most common in the riparian forest, whereas the tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis) dominated in the forest embedded within the productive matrix. The global model did not show statistically significant relationships between species richness and the environmental variables, however, the species-specific models indicated that detection frequency was significantly influenced at fine scales by canopy cover, the percentage of croplands, and the density of nearby roads, and at broader scales by the distance to protected areas and to cities/towns. Therefore, we recommend prioritizing riparian forests for biological restoration actions within agricultural landscapes, as this may enhance the persistence of mammal populations across large spatial extents.

在农业景观中，河岸森林往往是原生栖息地的最后残余部分，促进野生动物的运动，在保护中发挥着至关重要的作用。在南美洲安第斯山脉以东的森林生态区Yungas，这些森林仍然支持着重要的哺乳动物多样性；然而，对它们的研究仍然很少。因此，本研究的目的是评估与连续森林景观相比，在生产基质中河岸森林走廊对哺乳动物群落的重要性。利用多样性指数、PERMANOVA和SIMPER分析比较了不同河岸林类型间物种频率的变化。此外，我们采用主成分分析（PCA）和广义线性模型（GLMs）来确定解释栖息地利用的变量。两种类型的物种丰富度和多样性指数相似。7个物种导致了两种情况之间的差异。两种环境中记录最多的哺乳动物种类不同：刺鼠（Dasyprocta variegata）在河岸森林中最常见，而绵猴（Sylvilagus brasiliensis）在嵌入生产基质的森林中占主导地位。全球模型未显示物种丰富度与环境变量之间的统计显著关系，但物种特异性模型表明，在细尺度上，检测频率受冠层覆盖、农田百分比和附近道路密度的显著影响，在更大尺度上受保护区和城镇距离的显著影响。因此，我们建议在农业景观中优先考虑河岸森林的生物恢复行动，因为这可能会增强哺乳动物种群在大空间范围内的持久性。

{"title":"The importance of riparian forests as corridors for mammals in a productive landscape of the Yungas","authors":"Sebastian A. Albanesi , Roberto Cáceres , Agustina Novillo , Laura M. Bellis","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In agricultural landscapes, riparian forests often represent the last remaining fragments of native habitats, facilitating wildlife movement and playing a crucial role in conservation. In the Yungas, a forest ecoregion east of the Andes mountain range in South America, these forests still support significant mammal diversity; however, they remain poorly studied. The aim of this study is therefore to assess the importance of riparian forest corridors for mammal communities within a productive matrix, compared to those in a continuous forest landscape. We used diversity indices, PERMANOVA and SIMPER analysis to compare species frequency variation between riparian forest types. Furthermore, we employed principal component analysis (PCA) and generalised linear models (GLMs) to identify the variables that explain habitat use. The species richness and diversity indices of both riparian forest types were similar. Seven species contributed to the dissimilarity between the situations. The most frequently recorded mammal species differed between the two environments: the agouti (<em>Dasyprocta variegata</em>) was most common in the riparian forest, whereas the tapeti (<em>Sylvilagus brasiliensis</em>) dominated in the forest embedded within the productive matrix. The global model did not show statistically significant relationships between species richness and the environmental variables, however, the species-specific models indicated that detection frequency was significantly influenced at fine scales by canopy cover, the percentage of croplands, and the density of nearby roads, and at broader scales by the distance to protected areas and to cities/towns. Therefore, we recommend prioritizing riparian forests for biological restoration actions within agricultural landscapes, as this may enhance the persistence of mammal populations across large spatial extents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127213"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146038668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential demographic responses of lion-tailed macaques to habitat fragmentation: Four decades of population monitoring in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats and perspectives for management and conservation 狮子尾猕猴对栖息地破碎化的不同人口反应：西高止山脉阿纳马莱山40年人口监测及管理和保护展望

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127236

Santanu Mahato , Honnavalli N. Kumara , Govindhaswamy Umapathy , Mridula Singh , Mewa Singh

The biodiversity-rich tropical ecosystems are experiencing burgeoning anthropogenic threats and continuous modifications. Responses of the primate population are important indicators of such modifications; thus, monitoring them is crucial to frame conservation strategies. Habitat fragmentation and dependence on anthropogenic food sources can impact population viability, as in the case of an endangered species, the lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) in the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats, India. We recorded 37 groups (∼ 800 individuals), with larger mean group sizes in non-protected areas (non-PAs) compared to protected areas (PAs). The groups in non-PAs are likely to experience greater long-term vulnerability due to their proximity to human settlements and exposure to anthropogenic disturbances, including road mortality and electrocution. In contrast, the groups in PAs remained largely stable. Birth rates did not vary significantly across fragments; however, group size was negatively correlated with canopy height. Fragments in PAs supported a higher proportion of adult females to immatures and adults to immatures than non-PAs. Our findings highlight the differential impacts of fragmentation on the demography of the lion-tailed macaque and emphasize the need for conservation strategies that balance population viability.

生物多样性丰富的热带生态系统正面临日益严重的人为威胁和不断的改变。灵长类动物种群的反应是这种修饰的重要指标；因此，监测它们对于制定保护策略至关重要。栖息地的破碎化和对人为食物来源的依赖会影响种群的生存能力，就像印度西高止山脉阿纳马莱山的一种濒危物种狮尾猕猴（Macaca silenus）一样。我们记录了37个群体（约800个个体），与保护区相比，非保护区（non-PAs）的平均群体规模更大。非保护区的群体可能会经历更大的长期脆弱性，因为它们靠近人类住区并受到人为干扰，包括道路死亡和触电。相比之下，保护区的群体基本保持稳定。不同片段间的出生率没有显著差异；而群落大小与冠层高度呈负相关。与非保护区相比，保护区中的片段支持更高比例的成年雌性对不成熟的和成年对不成熟的。我们的研究结果强调了碎片化对狮尾猕猴人口统计学的不同影响，并强调了平衡种群生存能力的保护策略的必要性。

{"title":"Differential demographic responses of lion-tailed macaques to habitat fragmentation: Four decades of population monitoring in the Anamalai Hills, Western Ghats and perspectives for management and conservation","authors":"Santanu Mahato , Honnavalli N. Kumara , Govindhaswamy Umapathy , Mridula Singh , Mewa Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biodiversity-rich tropical ecosystems are experiencing burgeoning anthropogenic threats and continuous modifications. Responses of the primate population are important indicators of such modifications; thus, monitoring them is crucial to frame conservation strategies. Habitat fragmentation and dependence on anthropogenic food sources can impact population viability, as in the case of an endangered species, the lion-tailed macaque (<em>Macaca silenus</em>) in the Anamalai Hills of the Western Ghats, India. We recorded 37 groups (∼ 800 individuals), with larger mean group sizes in non-protected areas (non-PAs) compared to protected areas (PAs). The groups in non-PAs are likely to experience greater long-term vulnerability due to their proximity to human settlements and exposure to anthropogenic disturbances, including road mortality and electrocution. In contrast, the groups in PAs remained largely stable. Birth rates did not vary significantly across fragments; however, group size was negatively correlated with canopy height. Fragments in PAs supported a higher proportion of adult females to immatures and adults to immatures than non-PAs. Our findings highlight the differential impacts of fragmentation on the demography of the lion-tailed macaque and emphasize the need for conservation strategies that balance population viability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54898,"journal":{"name":"Journal for Nature Conservation","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 127236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social media big data reveals how mobility reshapes human environmental exposure inequality 社交媒体大数据揭示了流动性如何重塑人类环境暴露不平等

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105600

Yan Zhang , Mei-Po Kwan , Haoran Ma , Libo Fang , Zeqiang Chen , Nengcheng Chen

For a long time, environmental exposure is considered closely related to people’s socioeconomic status (SES). Assessing this hypothesis seemed straightforward, as we could calculate the accessibility of green spaces around the residences of different socioeconomic groups, naturally concluding that high-SES residents enjoy higher green exposure. However, this assessment method relies on static residence-based evaluations without considering people’s daily mobility. In this study, we utilized over 100 million real activity locations and 1 million street view images to measure the mobility-based green exposure of approximately 20,000 users. We found that compared to the mobility-based green exposure, traditional residence-based assessments overestimate green exposure by 11.26% and green exposure inequality by as much as 54.44% (with the Gini coefficient decreasing from 0.5163 to 0.3343). The primary driver of changes in green exposure inequality is the reduction of within-group disparities. Further, after considering users’ mobility behavior, although high-income groups still experience higher levels and equality of green exposure compared to low-income groups, the relative gap in green exposure narrowed to 4.27%. This change is even more pronounced between cities, with the relative difference in green exposure between small and large cities shrinking from 32.70% to 16.83%. This study marks the first large-scale application of human mobility in environmental exposure research, significantly advancing our understanding of environmental exposure and inequality. The findings challenge long-standing conclusions in green exposure inequality studies, demonstrating that urban green exposure equity is higher than traditionally perceived. These results are also likely to be applicable to research on other similar environmental exposure issues.

长期以来，环境暴露被认为与人的社会经济地位密切相关。评估这一假设似乎很简单，因为我们可以计算不同社会经济群体住宅周围绿色空间的可达性，自然得出结论，高ses的居民享受更高的绿色暴露。然而，这种评估方法依赖于静态的基于居住地的评估，而没有考虑人们的日常流动性。在这项研究中，我们利用超过1亿个真实活动地点和100万张街景图像来测量大约2万名用户的基于移动的绿色暴露。我们发现，与基于流动性的绿色暴露相比，传统的基于住宅的绿色暴露评估高估了11.26%，绿色暴露不平等高估了54.44%（基尼系数从0.5163下降到0.3343）。绿色暴露不平等变化的主要驱动因素是群体内差异的减少。此外，在考虑用户的移动行为后，虽然高收入群体的绿色暴露水平和平等性仍高于低收入群体，但绿色暴露的相对差距缩小至4.27%。这种变化在城市之间更为明显，大城市和小城市之间的绿色暴露相对差异从32.70%缩小到16.83%。该研究标志着人类流动性在环境暴露研究中的首次大规模应用，显著推进了我们对环境暴露和不平等的理解。研究结果挑战了绿色暴露不平等研究中长期存在的结论，表明城市绿色暴露公平高于传统观念。这些结果也可能适用于其他类似环境暴露问题的研究。

{"title":"Social media big data reveals how mobility reshapes human environmental exposure inequality","authors":"Yan Zhang , Mei-Po Kwan , Haoran Ma , Libo Fang , Zeqiang Chen , Nengcheng Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a long time, environmental exposure is considered closely related to people’s socioeconomic status (SES). Assessing this hypothesis seemed straightforward, as we could calculate the accessibility of green spaces around the residences of different socioeconomic groups, naturally concluding that high-SES residents enjoy higher green exposure. However, this assessment method relies on static residence-based evaluations without considering people’s daily mobility. In this study, we utilized over 100 million real activity locations and 1 million street view images to measure the mobility-based green exposure of approximately 20,000 users. We found that compared to the mobility-based green exposure, traditional residence-based assessments overestimate green exposure by 11.26% and green exposure inequality by as much as 54.44% (with the Gini coefficient decreasing from 0.5163 to 0.3343). The primary driver of changes in green exposure inequality is the reduction of within-group disparities. Further, after considering users’ mobility behavior, although high-income groups still experience higher levels and equality of green exposure compared to low-income groups, the relative gap in green exposure narrowed to 4.27%. This change is even more pronounced between cities, with the relative difference in green exposure between small and large cities shrinking from 32.70% to 16.83%. This study marks the first large-scale application of human mobility in environmental exposure research, significantly advancing our understanding of environmental exposure and inequality. The findings challenge long-standing conclusions in green exposure inequality studies, demonstrating that urban green exposure equity is higher than traditionally perceived. These results are also likely to be applicable to research on other similar environmental exposure issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105600"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Walking through history: The legacy of HOLC maps and urban walkability 穿越历史：HOLC地图和城市步行性的遗产

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105604

Haoluan Wang, Guimin Zhu

Proximity-based urban models have gained growing global attention in the past decade, emphasizing walkability and the promotion of urban resilience through localized living. Understanding neighborhood walkability is essential for advancing urban health, sustainability, and equity. In this study, we integrate a historically significant place-based policy in the U.S—the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps—with the Environmental Protection Agency’s Walkability Index to conduct the first nationwide assessment of neighborhood walkability in relation to redlining. To provide a more granular understanding of the structural drivers behind walkability disparities, we further disaggregate the overall Walkability Index into its four key components, including intersection density, proximity to transit stops, employment mix, and employment-household mix. Our findings reveal that, compared to D-graded (hazardous) neighborhoods, A-graded (best) neighborhoods generally exhibit lower walkability, primarily due to a lack of mixed land uses for employment and occupied housing units. This pattern holds consistently across cities of varying sizes and regions in the nation. Our findings offer new insights into the intersection of historical redlining practices and contemporary urban land-use planning and further contribute to a deeper understanding of how place-based policies shape neighborhood walkability outcomes.

在过去的十年中，基于邻近性的城市模式得到了越来越多的全球关注，强调步行性和通过本地化生活促进城市弹性。了解社区可步行性对于促进城市健康、可持续性和公平性至关重要。在本研究中，我们将美国历史上具有重要意义的基于地点的政策——房主贷款公司（HOLC）地图——与环境保护署的可步行性指数相结合，对与划线有关的社区可步行性进行了首次全国性评估。为了更细致地了解可步行性差异背后的结构性驱动因素，我们进一步将整体可步行性指数分解为四个关键组成部分，包括十字路口密度、与公交站点的距离、就业组合和就业-家庭组合。我们的研究结果表明，与d级（危险）社区相比，a级（最佳）社区通常表现出较低的步行性，主要原因是缺乏用于就业和占用住房单元的混合土地利用。这种模式在全国不同规模和地区的城市中都是一致的。我们的研究结果为历史上的红线实践与当代城市土地利用规划的交集提供了新的见解，并进一步有助于更深入地理解基于地点的政策如何影响社区的步行性结果。

{"title":"Walking through history: The legacy of HOLC maps and urban walkability","authors":"Haoluan Wang, Guimin Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proximity-based urban models have gained growing global attention in the past decade, emphasizing walkability and the promotion of urban resilience through localized living. Understanding neighborhood walkability is essential for advancing urban health, sustainability, and equity. In this study, we integrate a historically significant place-based policy in the U.S—the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation (HOLC) maps—with the Environmental Protection Agency’s Walkability Index to conduct the first nationwide assessment of neighborhood walkability in relation to redlining. To provide a more granular understanding of the structural drivers behind walkability disparities, we further disaggregate the overall Walkability Index into its four key components, including intersection density, proximity to transit stops, employment mix, and employment-household mix. Our findings reveal that, compared to D-graded (hazardous) neighborhoods, A-graded (best) neighborhoods generally exhibit lower walkability, primarily due to a lack of mixed land uses for employment and occupied housing units. This pattern holds consistently across cities of varying sizes and regions in the nation. Our findings offer new insights into the intersection of historical redlining practices and contemporary urban land-use planning and further contribute to a deeper understanding of how place-based policies shape neighborhood walkability outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54744,"journal":{"name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 105604"},"PeriodicalIF":9.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146777788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0