环境科学与生态学最新文献_第5页

What Does It Mean to Be(Come) Arctic? Functional and Genetic Traits of Arctic- and Temperate-Adapted Diatoms

IF 11.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Global Change Biology

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.70137

Jakob K. Giesler, Dedmer B. Van de Waal, Mridul K. Thomas, Luka Šupraha, Florian Koch, Tilmann Harder, Carla M. Pein, Uwe John, Sylke Wohlrab

Climate change-induced warming is expected to drive phytoplankton poleward as they track suitable thermal conditions. However, successful establishment in new environments requires adaptation to multiple abiotic factors beyond temperature alone. As little is known about how polar species differ in key functional and genetic traits, simple predictions of poleward movement rely on large assumptions about performance in other relevant dimensions other than thermal responses (e.g., light regime, nutrient uptake). To identify evolutionary bottlenecks of poleward range shifts, we assessed a range of thermal, resource acquisition, and genetic traits for multiple strains of the diatom Thalassiosira rotula from the temperate North Sea, as well as multiple strains of the closely related Arctic Thalassiosira gravida. We found a broader thermal range for the temperate diatoms and a mean optimum temperature of 10.3°C ± 0.8°C and 18.4°C ± 2.4°C for the Arctic and temperate diatoms, respectively, despite similar maximum growth rates. Photoperiod reaction norms had an optimum photoperiod of approximately 17 h for temperate diatoms, whereas the Arctic diatoms exhibited their highest growth performance at a photoperiod of 24 h. Nitrate uptake kinetics showed high intraspecific variation without a habitat-specific signal. The screening for convergent amino acid substitutions (CAAS) of the studied diatom strains and other publicly available transcriptomes revealed 26 candidate genes in which potential habitat-specific genetic adaptation occurred. The identified genes include subunits of the DNA polymerase and multiple transcription factors (zinc-finger proteins). Our findings suggest that the thermal range of the temperate diatom would enable poleward migration, while the extreme polar photoperiods might pose a barrier to the Arctic. Additionally, the identified genetic adaptations are particularly abundant in Arctic diatoms as they may contribute to competitive advantages in polar habitats beyond those detected with our physiological assays, hampering the establishment of temperate diatoms in Arctic habitats.

{"title":"What Does It Mean to Be(Come) Arctic? Functional and Genetic Traits of Arctic- and Temperate-Adapted Diatoms","authors":"Jakob K. Giesler, Dedmer B. Van de Waal, Mridul K. Thomas, Luka Šupraha, Florian Koch, Tilmann Harder, Carla M. Pein, Uwe John, Sylke Wohlrab","doi":"10.1111/gcb.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.70137","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change-induced warming is expected to drive phytoplankton poleward as they track suitable thermal conditions. However, successful establishment in new environments requires adaptation to multiple abiotic factors beyond temperature alone. As little is known about how polar species differ in key functional and genetic traits, simple predictions of poleward movement rely on large assumptions about performance in other relevant dimensions other than thermal responses (e.g., light regime, nutrient uptake). To identify evolutionary bottlenecks of poleward range shifts, we assessed a range of thermal, resource acquisition, and genetic traits for multiple strains of the diatom <i>Thalassiosira rotula</i> from the temperate North Sea, as well as multiple strains of the closely related Arctic <i>Thalassiosira gravida</i>. We found a broader thermal range for the temperate diatoms and a mean optimum temperature of 10.3°C ± 0.8°C and 18.4°C ± 2.4°C for the Arctic and temperate diatoms, respectively, despite similar maximum growth rates. Photoperiod reaction norms had an optimum photoperiod of approximately 17 h for temperate diatoms, whereas the Arctic diatoms exhibited their highest growth performance at a photoperiod of 24 h. Nitrate uptake kinetics showed high intraspecific variation without a habitat-specific signal. The screening for convergent amino acid substitutions (CAAS) of the studied diatom strains and other publicly available transcriptomes revealed 26 candidate genes in which potential habitat-specific genetic adaptation occurred. The identified genes include subunits of the DNA polymerase and multiple transcription factors (zinc-finger proteins). Our findings suggest that the thermal range of the temperate diatom would enable poleward migration, while the extreme polar photoperiods might pose a barrier to the Arctic. Additionally, the identified genetic adaptations are particularly abundant in Arctic diatoms as they may contribute to competitive advantages in polar habitats beyond those detected with our physiological assays, hampering the establishment of temperate diatoms in Arctic habitats.","PeriodicalId":175,"journal":{"name":"Global Change Biology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A geometric approach to beta diversity

IF 7.1 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Ecological Monographs

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1002/ecm.70008

Chuliang Song, Muyang Lu, Joseph R. Bennett, Benjamin Gilbert, Marie-Josée Fortin, Andrew Gonzalez

Beta diversity—the variation among community compositions in a region—is a fundamental measure of biodiversity. Most classic measures have posited that beta diversity is maximized when each community has a distinct, nonoverlapping set of species. However, this assumption overlooks the ecological significance of species interactions and non-additivity in ecological systems, where the function and behavior of species depend on other species in a community. Here, we introduce a geometric approach to measure beta diversity as the hypervolume of the geometric embedding of a metacommunity. Besides considering compositional distinctiveness as in classic metrics, this geometric measure explicitly incorporates species associations and captures the idea that adding a unique, species-rich community to a metacommunity increases beta diversity. We show that our geometric measure is closely linked to and naturally extends previous information- and variation-based measures. Additionally, we provide a unifying geometric framework for widely adopted extensions of beta diversity. Applying our geometric measures to empirical data, we address two long-standing questions in beta diversity research—the latitudinal pattern of beta diversity and the effect of sampling effort—and present novel ecological insights that were previously obscured by the limitations of classic approaches. In sum, our geometric approach offers a new and complementary perspective on beta diversity, is immediately applicable to existing data, and holds promise for advancing our understanding of the complex relationships between species composition, ecosystem functioning, and stability.

{"title":"A geometric approach to beta diversity","authors":"Chuliang Song, Muyang Lu, Joseph R. Bennett, Benjamin Gilbert, Marie-Josée Fortin, Andrew Gonzalez","doi":"10.1002/ecm.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Beta diversity—the variation among community compositions in a region—is a fundamental measure of biodiversity. Most classic measures have posited that beta diversity is maximized when each community has a distinct, nonoverlapping set of species. However, this assumption overlooks the ecological significance of species interactions and non-additivity in ecological systems, where the function and behavior of species depend on other species in a community. Here, we introduce a geometric approach to measure beta diversity as the hypervolume of the geometric embedding of a metacommunity. Besides considering compositional distinctiveness as in classic metrics, this geometric measure explicitly incorporates species associations and captures the idea that adding a unique, species-rich community to a metacommunity increases beta diversity. We show that our geometric measure is closely linked to and naturally extends previous information- and variation-based measures. Additionally, we provide a unifying geometric framework for widely adopted extensions of beta diversity. Applying our geometric measures to empirical data, we address two long-standing questions in beta diversity research—the latitudinal pattern of beta diversity and the effect of sampling effort—and present novel ecological insights that were previously obscured by the limitations of classic approaches. In sum, our geometric approach offers a new and complementary perspective on beta diversity, is immediately applicable to existing data, and holds promise for advancing our understanding of the complex relationships between species composition, ecosystem functioning, and stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":11505,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Monographs","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143645860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Combined toxicity evaluation of polystyrene nanoplastics and Nano-ZnO of distinctive morphology on human lung epithelial cells

IF 8.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Science of the Total Environment

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179097

Henghui Li , Simin Tang , Xiaoyu Jia , Xinyi Zhu , Ling Cai , Mingxiu Duan , Shaozhuo Wang , Huijun Jiang , MingHui Ji , Shoulin Wang , Jin Chen

Despite increasing concerns on the co-exposure of nanoplastics (NPs) and heavy metals including zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) in the public health, the systematic studies as well as available methodology of combined toxicity evaluation of Nano-ZnO/NPs are lacking. In this study, the single and combined toxicity of Nano-ZnO and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on human lung epithelial cells were evaluated by a combination of in vitro approach including real-time cell analysis (RTCA), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), oxidative stress, cell membrane integrity and apoptosis assay. RTCA was employed to dynamically monitor the effect of combined exposure of Nano-ZnO and PS-NPs on cell growth, in comparison with end-point CCK-8 assay. It was found that the cytotoxicity of different Nano-ZnO involved disintegration of cell membrane and causing oxidative stress and apoptosis while PS-NPs mainly induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. The proposed study not only pinpointed the distinctive interaction mode between Nano-ZnO and nanoplastics, but provided integrated approaches to environment and health risk assessment of co-exposed Nano-ZnO and nanoplastics.

{"title":"Combined toxicity evaluation of polystyrene nanoplastics and Nano-ZnO of distinctive morphology on human lung epithelial cells","authors":"Henghui Li , Simin Tang , Xiaoyu Jia , Xinyi Zhu , Ling Cai , Mingxiu Duan , Shaozhuo Wang , Huijun Jiang , MingHui Ji , Shoulin Wang , Jin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite increasing concerns on the co-exposure of nanoplastics (NPs) and heavy metals including zinc oxide nanoparticles (Nano-ZnO) in the public health, the systematic studies as well as available methodology of combined toxicity evaluation of Nano-ZnO/NPs are lacking. In this study, the single and combined toxicity of Nano-ZnO and polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on human lung epithelial cells were evaluated by a combination of <em>in vitro</em> approach including real-time cell analysis (RTCA), cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), oxidative stress, cell membrane integrity and apoptosis assay. RTCA was employed to dynamically monitor the effect of combined exposure of Nano-ZnO and PS-NPs on cell growth, in comparison with end-point CCK-8 assay. It was found that the cytotoxicity of different Nano-ZnO involved disintegration of cell membrane and causing oxidative stress and apoptosis while PS-NPs mainly induced oxidative stress and apoptosis. The proposed study not only pinpointed the distinctive interaction mode between Nano-ZnO and nanoplastics, but provided integrated approaches to environment and health risk assessment of co-exposed Nano-ZnO and nanoplastics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"973 ","pages":"Article 179097"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leaf size variations in four ground-floor bryophytes and their environmental drivers across the forests of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

IF 7 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Ecological Indicators

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113347

Shuang Yang , Yan Liu , Nianpeng He

Variations in leaf size and its responses to environmental variables will improve our understanding of how different species adapt to regional climate changes. Bryophytes usually form dominant ground-floor cover in temperate and boreal forests and could be used as indicators of the forest types. However, interspecific and intraspecific variations in leaf size of bryophytes and their relationships with environmental variables remain poorly understood. We sampled four ground-floor bryophytes, i.e., Abietinella abietina, Rhytidium rugosum, Thuidium assimile, and T. cymbifolium, across the forests of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), measured the leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), and leaf area (LA) of each species, and estimated the relative amounts of interspecific (BTV), intraspecific trait variation (ITV), and environmental factors to the total trait variance. Hierarchical partitioning analysis was used to evaluate the individual effects of environmental factors on leaf size variations in each species. The trait-environment relationships were analyzed using a simple linear model. The coefficient of variation of LA, LL, and LW ranged from 18.29% to 64.04%, from 11.42% to 37.91%, and from 11.71% to 36.44%, respectively. For the three leaf size traits, BTV was greater than ITV and climate had stronger explanatory power than soil and microhabitat. The leaf size of A. abietina was primarily dominated by climate and positively correlated with temperature seasonality. The leaf size of R. rugosum and T. assimile were controlled by soil and increased with the increasing soil organic carbon. Bryophyte cover determined the leaf size of T. cymbifolium and they were positively related. The results suggested that the leaf size of three species would tend to be smaller under global warming of the QTP. The findings provided valuable evidence in variations of bryophyte leaf size and new insights into the plants’ responses to global climate change.

{"title":"Leaf size variations in four ground-floor bryophytes and their environmental drivers across the forests of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau","authors":"Shuang Yang , Yan Liu , Nianpeng He","doi":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variations in leaf size and its responses to environmental variables will improve our understanding of how different species adapt to regional climate changes. Bryophytes usually form dominant ground-floor cover in temperate and boreal forests and could be used as indicators of the forest types. However, interspecific and intraspecific variations in leaf size of bryophytes and their relationships with environmental variables remain poorly understood. We sampled four ground-floor bryophytes, i.e., <em>Abietinella abietina</em>, <em>Rhytidium rugosum</em>, <em>Thuidium assimile</em>, and <em>T. cymbifolium</em>, across the forests of the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), measured the leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), and leaf area (LA) of each species, and estimated the relative amounts of interspecific (BTV), intraspecific trait variation (ITV), and environmental factors to the total trait variance. Hierarchical partitioning analysis was used to evaluate the individual effects of environmental factors on leaf size variations in each species. The trait<strong>-</strong>environment relationships were analyzed using a simple linear model. The coefficient of variation of LA, LL, and LW ranged from 18.29% to 64.04%, from 11.42% to 37.91%, and from 11.71% to 36.44%, respectively. For the three leaf size traits, BTV was greater than ITV and climate had stronger explanatory power than soil and microhabitat. The leaf size of <em>A. abietina</em> was primarily dominated by climate and positively correlated with temperature seasonality. The leaf size of <em>R. rugosum</em> and <em>T. assimile</em> were controlled by soil and increased with the increasing soil organic carbon. Bryophyte cover determined the leaf size of <em>T. cymbifolium</em> and they were positively related. The results suggested that the leaf size of three species would tend to be smaller under global warming of the QTP. The findings provided valuable evidence in variations of bryophyte leaf size and new insights into the plants’ responses to global climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11459,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Indicators","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 113347"},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic structure and diversity of the declining orchid Gymnadenia conopsea in Scandinavia: implications for conservation and management

IF 5.9 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Ecography

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1111/ecog.07628

Linus Söderquist, Nina Joffard, Douglas G. Scofield, Pascal Milesi, Sophie Karrenberg, Nina Sletvold

Understanding how historical versus contemporary processes shape population genetic structure and diversity is important to design effective management actions for threatened species. We genotyped 1834 SNPs in 1120 individuals from 110 Scandinavian populations of the declining orchid Gymnadenia conopsea, in three different habitat types, to examine whether genetic structure was related to wind speed, terrain ruggedness, forest cover, and seasonality at the landscape scale, and whether genetic diversity increases with census population size and is higher in core habitats (fen and meadow) than in marginal, coastal habitats. We identified three genetic clusters and pronounced isolation by distance, consistent with two independent colonization routes after the last glacial maximum, followed by admixture. Effective population size was highest in the admixed cluster. Estimates of effective migration indicated reduced gene flow along the Atlantic coast, between coastal and inland populations, and among southern meadow populations. High landscape resistance to gene flow was associated with complex topography and pronounced seasonality. Genetic diversity increased with population size but did not vary among habitat types. Genetic diversity peaked in core habitats, i.e. southern meadows and inland fens along the Scandes Mountains. The lowest genetic diversity was found along the Atlantic coast and in a few scattered populations. Current genetic structure suggests a strong legacy of historical events, and the high genetic diversity documented in the main Scandinavian range indicates that current viability and future adaptation potential are high. To maintain genetic diversity and connectivity between genetic groups, it is particularly important to preserve southern meadow populations, which are currently in strong decline. Overall, our results illustrate how a declining species can help us understand the impact of historical and current processes, how landscape genetic data can inform proactive conservation, and how a slow genetic response to fragmentation can allow time to maintain genetic diversity through habitat restoration and management.

{"title":"Genetic structure and diversity of the declining orchid Gymnadenia conopsea in Scandinavia: implications for conservation and management","authors":"Linus Söderquist, Nina Joffard, Douglas G. Scofield, Pascal Milesi, Sophie Karrenberg, Nina Sletvold","doi":"10.1111/ecog.07628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.07628","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how historical versus contemporary processes shape population genetic structure and diversity is important to design effective management actions for threatened species. We genotyped 1834 SNPs in 1120 individuals from 110 Scandinavian populations of the declining orchid <i>Gymnadenia conopsea</i>, in three different habitat types, to examine whether genetic structure was related to wind speed, terrain ruggedness, forest cover, and seasonality at the landscape scale, and whether genetic diversity increases with census population size and is higher in core habitats (fen and meadow) than in marginal, coastal habitats. We identified three genetic clusters and pronounced isolation by distance, consistent with two independent colonization routes after the last glacial maximum, followed by admixture. Effective population size was highest in the admixed cluster. Estimates of effective migration indicated reduced gene flow along the Atlantic coast, between coastal and inland populations, and among southern meadow populations. High landscape resistance to gene flow was associated with complex topography and pronounced seasonality. Genetic diversity increased with population size but did not vary among habitat types. Genetic diversity peaked in core habitats, i.e. southern meadows and inland fens along the Scandes Mountains. The lowest genetic diversity was found along the Atlantic coast and in a few scattered populations. Current genetic structure suggests a strong legacy of historical events, and the high genetic diversity documented in the main Scandinavian range indicates that current viability and future adaptation potential are high. To maintain genetic diversity and connectivity between genetic groups, it is particularly important to preserve southern meadow populations, which are currently in strong decline. Overall, our results illustrate how a declining species can help us understand the impact of historical and current processes, how landscape genetic data can inform proactive conservation, and how a slow genetic response to fragmentation can allow time to maintain genetic diversity through habitat restoration and management.","PeriodicalId":51026,"journal":{"name":"Ecography","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143653804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deciphering the source contribution of microplastics in the glaciers of the North-Western Himalayas

IF 13.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137975

Shahid Ahmad Dar, Khalid Muzamil Gani

Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have been largely studied in marine environments, but there lies a significant gap in assessing their occurrence and impacts in glacier environments. This study investigates the occurrence and pollution risks of MPs and NPs in glaciers, suspended air, and dry deposition across the northwestern Himalayas. MPs concentration ranged from 1000 particles m^-3 in Kolahai glacier to 151000 particles m^-3 in Thajwas glacier. In suspended air, MPs occurred at 5 particles m^-3, while dry deposition samples showed a concentration ranging from 1-13 particles m^-2 d^-1. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed the presence of NPs in all glaciers, with sizes varying between 31-689 nm in Thajwas glacier and 360-953 nm in Harmukh glacier. HYSPLIT modelling revealed that air masses reaching Himalayan glaciers predominantly originate from global sources (75%). The pollution load index (PLI) ranged from 3.9 (hazard category I) to 40 (hazard category IV), indicating moderate to excessive pollution of glaciers. While as polymer hazard index (PHI) ranged from 10 (hazard category II) to 1987 (hazard category V), indicating medium to extreme danger due to presence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The presence of MPs and NPs accelerate glacier melting due to their light absorbing properties underscoring need for further studies.

{"title":"Deciphering the source contribution of microplastics in the glaciers of the North-Western Himalayas","authors":"Shahid Ahmad Dar, Khalid Muzamil Gani","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137975","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) have been largely studied in marine environments, but there lies a significant gap in assessing their occurrence and impacts in glacier environments. This study investigates the occurrence and pollution risks of MPs and NPs in glaciers, suspended air, and dry deposition across the northwestern Himalayas. MPs concentration ranged from 1000 particles m<sup>-3</sup> in Kolahai glacier to 151000 particles m<sup>-3</sup> in Thajwas glacier. In suspended air, MPs occurred at 5 particles m<sup>-3</sup>, while dry deposition samples showed a concentration ranging from 1-13 particles m<sup>-2</sup> d<sup>-1</sup>. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) confirmed the presence of NPs in all glaciers, with sizes varying between 31-689 nm in Thajwas glacier and 360-953 nm in Harmukh glacier. HYSPLIT modelling revealed that air masses reaching Himalayan glaciers predominantly originate from global sources (75%). The pollution load index (PLI) ranged from 3.9 (hazard category I) to 40 (hazard category IV), indicating moderate to excessive pollution of glaciers. While as polymer hazard index (PHI) ranged from 10 (hazard category II) to 1987 (hazard category V), indicating medium to extreme danger due to presence of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN). The presence of MPs and NPs accelerate glacier melting due to their light absorbing properties underscoring need for further studies.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-metal Roofing Materials as Potential Sources for Pollutants- Laboratory Leaching Studies on Various Roofing Materials

IF 13.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137972

Julia Udvary, Regina Schwerd, Sabine Johann, Brigitte Helmreich

Stormwater runoff from urban surfaces contains pollutants that harm the water quality of surface or groundwater bodies. While runoff quality from metal roofs has already been widely studied, the contribution of non-metal roofing materials to stormwater pollution is still unclear. A leaching test was conducted to determine the substance emission from non-metal roofing materials. Analyzing parameters in the leachate of eight leaching rounds at predefined time intervals allowed for determining area release rates and leaching mechanisms. The test was conducted with commonly used materials applied on inclined roofs: clay tiles, concrete tiles, fiber cement, bitumen shingles, wood shingles, and plastic roofing tiles. The scope of the analysis is based on substances repeatedly detected in stormwater: anions, cations, heavy metals, biocides, phthalates, PCBs, PFAS, PAHs, nonylphenols, and Bisphenol A. Several roofing materials released relevant amounts of hazardous substances impacting water quality. Clay tiles are a source of vanadium, manganese, and arsenic. Treated wood shingles release ammonium, boron, copper, and Bisphenol A. Fiber cement and concrete roofing tiles are a source of biocides. Bitumen shingles released Bisphenol A. Further research is recommended regarding leaching in long-term field experiments to evaluate the impact of real weather conditions on and on developing treatment facilities.

{"title":"Non-metal Roofing Materials as Potential Sources for Pollutants- Laboratory Leaching Studies on Various Roofing Materials","authors":"Julia Udvary, Regina Schwerd, Sabine Johann, Brigitte Helmreich","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137972","url":null,"abstract":"Stormwater runoff from urban surfaces contains pollutants that harm the water quality of surface or groundwater bodies. While runoff quality from metal roofs has already been widely studied, the contribution of non-metal roofing materials to stormwater pollution is still unclear. A leaching test was conducted to determine the substance emission from non-metal roofing materials. Analyzing parameters in the leachate of eight leaching rounds at predefined time intervals allowed for determining area release rates and leaching mechanisms. The test was conducted with commonly used materials applied on inclined roofs: clay tiles, concrete tiles, fiber cement, bitumen shingles, wood shingles, and plastic roofing tiles. The scope of the analysis is based on substances repeatedly detected in stormwater: anions, cations, heavy metals, biocides, phthalates, PCBs, PFAS, PAHs, nonylphenols, and Bisphenol A. Several roofing materials released relevant amounts of hazardous substances impacting water quality. Clay tiles are a source of vanadium, manganese, and arsenic. Treated wood shingles release ammonium, boron, copper, and Bisphenol A. Fiber cement and concrete roofing tiles are a source of biocides. Bitumen shingles released Bisphenol A. Further research is recommended regarding leaching in long-term field experiments to evaluate the impact of real weather conditions on and on developing treatment facilities.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into the synergistic effects of exogenous glycine betaine on the multiphase metabolism of oxyfluorfen in Oryza sativa for reducing environmental risks

IF 13.6 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Journal of Hazardous Materials

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137970

Zhao Jie Chen, Xu Zhen Shi, Ya Nan Qu, Si Ying Li, Gan Ai, Yi Zhuo Wang, Li Qing Zeng, Xiao Liang Liu, Xuesheng Li, Yan Hui Wang

Glycine betaine (GB), a secondary metabolite that regulates plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, may help reduce pesticide phytotoxicity, but this fact remains unestablished. This study investigated the physiological response of rice (Oryza sativa) to six dosages of oxyfluorfen (OFF) (0–0.25 mg/L) and two concentrations of GB (0 and 175 mg/L). GB treatment counteracted the considerable decrease in rice seedling growth caused by OFF treatment at doses higher than 0.15 mg/L. The biochemical processes and catalytic events associated with OFF-triggered degradation in rice were investigated using RNA-Seq–LC–Q-TOF–HRMS/MS after six rice root and shoot libraries were created and subjected to either OFF or OFF–GB. Rice treated with both GB and an ecologically relevant dose of OFF showed a marked upregulation of 1039 root genes and 111 shoot genes compared with those treated with OFF alone. Multiple OFF-degradative enzymes implicated in molecular metabolism and xenobiotic tolerance to environmental stress were identified by gene enrichment analysis. In comparison to treated with 0.25 mg/L OFF alone, exogenous GB administration decreased OFF accumulation, with the OFF concentration in roots being 44.47% and in shoots being 51.03%. The production of essential enzymes involved in the OFF decay process was attributed to certain genes with variable expression, including cytochrome P450, methyltransferase, glycosyltransferases, and acetyltransferases. Using LC-Q-TOF-HRMS/MS, 3 metabolites and 16 conjugates were identified in metabolic pathways including hydrolysis, acetylation, glycosylation, and interaction with amino acids in order to enhance OFF-degradative metabolism. All things considered, by reducing phytotoxicity and OFF buildup, external GB treatment can increase rice's resistance to oxidative stress caused by OFF. This study offers valuable insights into the function of GB in enhancing OFF degradation, which may have ramifications for designing genotypes that maximize OFF accumulation in rice crops and promote OFF degradation in paddy crops.

{"title":"Insights into the synergistic effects of exogenous glycine betaine on the multiphase metabolism of oxyfluorfen in Oryza sativa for reducing environmental risks","authors":"Zhao Jie Chen, Xu Zhen Shi, Ya Nan Qu, Si Ying Li, Gan Ai, Yi Zhuo Wang, Li Qing Zeng, Xiao Liang Liu, Xuesheng Li, Yan Hui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137970","url":null,"abstract":"Glycine betaine (GB), a secondary metabolite that regulates plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, may help reduce pesticide phytotoxicity, but this fact remains unestablished. This study investigated the physiological response of rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em>) to six dosages of oxyfluorfen (OFF) (0–0.25 mg/L) and two concentrations of GB (0 and 175 mg/L). GB treatment counteracted the considerable decrease in rice seedling growth caused by OFF treatment at doses higher than 0.15 mg/L. The biochemical processes and catalytic events associated with OFF-triggered degradation in rice were investigated using RNA-Seq–LC–Q-TOF–HRMS/MS after six rice root and shoot libraries were created and subjected to either OFF or OFF–GB. Rice treated with both GB and an ecologically relevant dose of OFF showed a marked upregulation of 1039 root genes and 111 shoot genes compared with those treated with OFF alone. Multiple OFF-degradative enzymes implicated in molecular metabolism and xenobiotic tolerance to environmental stress were identified by gene enrichment analysis. In comparison to treated with 0.25 mg/L OFF alone, exogenous GB administration decreased OFF accumulation, with the OFF concentration in roots being 44.47% and in shoots being 51.03%. The production of essential enzymes involved in the OFF decay process was attributed to certain genes with variable expression, including cytochrome P450, methyltransferase, glycosyltransferases, and acetyltransferases. Using LC-Q-TOF-HRMS/MS, 3 metabolites and 16 conjugates were identified in metabolic pathways including hydrolysis, acetylation, glycosylation, and interaction with amino acids in order to enhance OFF-degradative metabolism. All things considered, by reducing phytotoxicity and OFF buildup, external GB treatment can increase rice's resistance to oxidative stress caused by OFF. This study offers valuable insights into the function of GB in enhancing OFF degradation, which may have ramifications for designing genotypes that maximize OFF accumulation in rice crops and promote OFF degradation in paddy crops.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Modelling anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste: From lab to full scale

IF 7.1 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL

Waste management

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.114739

Tatiana Segura , Paul Zanoni , Ulysse Brémond , Constance Lucet--Bérille , Antoine Pradel , Renaud Escudié , Jean-Philippe Steyer

Biogas production through anaerobic digestion offers a promising alternative to address climate change. In this study, the ADM1 model was used to simulate the digestion of four different substrates: a mixture of rye and maize silage, a mixture of cow slurry and maize silage, cow slurry alone, and food waste. Furthermore, the determination of total solids (TS) content was integrated into the model. Based on experimental data from 5 L Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTR), ADM1 model parameters were calibrated for each substrate, primarily differing in hydrolysis and inhibition constants. These parameters, along with two additional sets of parameters from the literature, were subsequently applied in simulations to assess methane productivity, yield, and TS under increasing organic loading rates (OLR) for each substrate. Among the substrates, food waste showed the highest productivity, yield, and solids removal, while rye and maize silage substrate was the most unstable, with system failure at the lowest OLR (7

kgVS {. m}^{- 3} {. d}^{- 1}

) compared to the other substrates. In addition, co-digestion of cow slurry and maize silage showed synergies between maize silage and cow slurry, achieving a productivity of 2.62

N m^{3} . m^{- 3} . d^{- 1}

. Moreover, the parameters determined for rye and maize silage mixture were further used to simulate a full-scale anaerobic digestion unit fed with rye and maize silage as substrate. A difference in volatile fatty acid accumulation was found between the lab- and full-scale systems, suggesting a possible better microbial adaptation to inhibitory factors in the full-scale system. Further investigation into inhibition effects is recommended to improve the predictive accuracy of the ADM1.

{"title":"Modelling anaerobic digestion of agricultural waste: From lab to full scale","authors":"Tatiana Segura , Paul Zanoni , Ulysse Brémond , Constance Lucet--Bérille , Antoine Pradel , Renaud Escudié , Jean-Philippe Steyer","doi":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.114739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wasman.2025.114739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biogas production through anaerobic digestion offers a promising alternative to address climate change. In this study, the ADM1 model was used to simulate the digestion of four different substrates: a mixture of rye and maize silage, a mixture of cow slurry and maize silage, cow slurry alone, and food waste. Furthermore, the determination of total solids (TS) content was integrated into the model. Based on experimental data from 5 L Continuous Stirred Tank Reactors (CSTR), ADM1 model parameters were calibrated for each substrate, primarily differing in hydrolysis and inhibition constants. These parameters, along with two additional sets of parameters from the literature, were subsequently applied in simulations to assess methane productivity, yield, and TS under increasing organic loading rates (OLR) for each substrate. Among the substrates, food waste showed the highest productivity, yield, and solids removal, while rye and maize silage substrate was the most unstable, with system failure at the lowest OLR (7 <span><math><mrow><mi>kgVS</mi><msup><mrow><mo>.</mo><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><msup><mrow><mo>.</mo><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>) compared to the other substrates. In addition, co-digestion of cow slurry and maize silage showed synergies between maize silage and cow slurry, achieving a productivity of 2.62 <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>.</mo><msup><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup><mo>.</mo><msup><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. Moreover, the parameters determined for rye and maize silage mixture were further used to simulate a full-scale anaerobic digestion unit fed with rye and maize silage as substrate. A difference in volatile fatty acid accumulation was found between the lab- and full-scale systems, suggesting a possible better microbial adaptation to inhibitory factors in the full-scale system. Further investigation into inhibition effects is recommended to improve the predictive accuracy of the ADM1.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23969,"journal":{"name":"Waste management","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 114739"},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From source to distribution channel: A baseline study of microplastic occurrence in drinking water in Ogun State, Nigeria

IF 2.9 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-025-13929-3

Oluwatosin Sarah Shokunbi, Favour Makanju, Joshua Nneoma, Olutayo Sunday Shokunbi

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants known to have contaminated not only surface and groundwater but also drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) and tap water. Little is known about the occurrence of MPs in DWTPs in Africa, particularly in developing countries like Nigeria. To address this knowledge gap, this study investigated the prevalence and estimated daily intake of MPs in raw water, DWTPs, and tap water in a semi-urban area in Ogun State, Nigeria. Using Rose Bengal staining and optical microscopy, MPs in water samples were identified and characterised using standard methods. The abundances of MPs were 16.13 ± 3.83 particles/L in raw water, 10.74 ± 3.76 particles/L in treated water, and 12.43 ± 3.92 particles/L in tap water. Most of the MPs found in the water samples were classified as fibres, followed by fragments, with a size of < 1 mm. This study showed that the drinking water treatment plant reduced microplastics from raw water by 40%, however, there was an increase in the abundance of MPs in tap water. Residents estimated daily consumption of MPs from tap water varied between 0.31 and 0.44 particles for adults and between 1.2 and 1.69 particles for children. This study addresses a critical gap in understanding microplastic pollution in the water distribution systems and DWTPs. The results also indicated that MPs were not effectively removed, requiring a more sophisticated treatment method to lower human exposure to MPs through drinking water from DWTPs.

Graphical Abstract

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引用次数: 0