环境科学与生态学最新文献_第2页

Avian diversity and responses to altitude and human disturbance in Askot Wildlife Sanctuary, Western Himalaya 西喜马拉雅阿斯科特野生动物保护区鸟类多样性及其对海拔和人为干扰的响应

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127234

Soni Bisht , Gopal Singh Rawat

The Himalaya represents one of the world’s most significant biodiversity hotspots, yet many of its protected areas remain poorly documented. Askot Wildlife Sanctuary, located in the Western Himalaya (630–4,230 m), was surveyed from 2016 to 2019 to establish a baseline avifaunal inventory and assess species–environment relationships across habitats and elevation zones. Standardized point count surveys recorded 239 bird species from 53 families. Among these, five species are globally Threatened and six are Near Threatened according to the IUCN Red List. Additionally, 156 species are listed under the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act of 1972, emphasizing the site’s conservation significance. The assemblage comprised 57 migratory species, including both altitudinal and long-distance migrants, and 74 Himalayan endemics, highlighting the sanctuary as a critical ecological refuge. Species richness followed a unimodal elevational pattern, with mid-elevations supporting the highest diversity due to the overlap of lowland and high-altitude taxa. Habitat-specific analysis revealed maximum Shannon diversity in agricultural land (0.34±0.01 SE), while conifer forests sustained the lowest (0.15 ± 0.01 SE). Avian diversity showed a significant negative correlation with altitude (r = − 0.48, p <0.001) and a positive correlation with tree richness (r = 0.31, p <0.05). The occurrence of conservation-priority species such as Cheer Pheasant, Critically Endangered White-rumped and Red-headed Vultures, and Endangered raptors including Egyptian Vulture and Steppe Eagle further underscores the sanctuary’s global importance. These findings demonstrate the ecological sensitivity of Himalayan avifauna to elevational dynamics, habitat heterogeneity, and anthropogenic pressures, and highlight the urgent need for habitat-specific conservation and management interventions.

喜马拉雅是世界上最重要的生物多样性热点地区之一，但它的许多保护区仍然缺乏记录。2016年至2019年，研究人员对位于喜马拉雅西部（630 - 4230米）的阿斯科特野生动物保护区进行了调查，以建立基线鸟类物种清查，并评估栖息地和海拔区域的物种-环境关系。标准化点数调查记录了53科239种鸟类。根据世界自然保护联盟红色名录，其中5个物种是全球濒危物种，6个物种是近危物种。此外，根据1972年的《印度野生动物（保护）法案》，有156种物种被列入名单，强调了该遗址的保护意义。其中包括57种迁徙物种，包括纵向和长距离迁徙物种，以及74种喜马拉雅特有物种，突出了该保护区作为重要生态避难所的地位。物种丰富度呈现单峰分布格局，由于低地和高海拔类群的重叠，中海拔地区的物种多样性最高。农用地Shannon多样性最高（0.34±0.01 SE），针叶林最低（0.15±0.01 SE）。鸟类多样性与海拔高度呈显著负相关（r = - 0.48, p <0.001），与树木丰富度呈正相关（r = 0.31, p <0.05）。保护重点物种的出现，如野鸡、极度濒危的白背和红头秃鹫，以及包括埃及秃鹫和草原鹰在内的濒危猛禽，进一步凸显了该保护区在全球的重要性。这些发现表明喜马拉雅地区鸟类对海拔动态、栖息地异质性和人为压力的生态敏感性，并强调了生境保护和管理干预措施的迫切需要。

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引用次数: 0

Reimagining nature through postcolonial ecocriticism: Literary resistance in contemporary African fiction 通过后殖民生态批评重新想象自然：当代非洲小说中的文学抵抗

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127238

Peter Pacho , Luo Lianggong

Many postcolonial African nations grapple with the complex relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. This study analyzes Achebe’s Things Fall Apart (1958), Ngũgĩ’s Devil on the Cross (1982), and Adichie’s Half of a Yellow Sun (2006) using postcolonial ecocriticism in order to examine how these African authors reimagine nature as a symbol of identity, resilience, and resistance. The approach links colonial histories to ecological concerns, challenging colonial environmental narratives while foregrounding Indigenous views. Using close reading and thematic analysis, this study focuses on how land and ecology intersect with culture, power, and social justice. Drawing on Nixon’s concept of slow violence and Iheka’s aesthetic of proximity, it examines how these authors reveal the long-lasting, often invisible, effects of environmental degradation and the intimate relationships between humans and the natural world. The findings indicate that the selected novels reclaim landscapes as cultural and moral spaces rooted in Indigenous ecological ethics and communal values. Both novels challenge colonial portrayals of Africa as “wild” or “uncivilized,” instead depicting nature as integral to collective memory, cultural identity, and sustainable being. Through this eco-critical lens, the authors critique the enduring ecological consequences of colonialism and advocate for a sustainable, human-centered relationship with the environment grounded in Indigenous environmental knowledge.

许多后殖民时代的非洲国家都在努力解决经济增长与环境可持续性之间的复杂关系。本研究分析了阿奇贝的《分崩离析》（1958）、Ngũgĩ的《十字架上的魔鬼》（1982）和阿迪奇的《半个黄太阳》（2006），运用后殖民生态批评的方法，以考察这些非洲作家如何将自然重新想象为身份、恢复力和抵抗的象征。该方法将殖民历史与生态问题联系起来，挑战殖民环境叙事，同时突出土著观点。通过细读和专题分析，本研究关注土地和生态如何与文化、权力和社会正义交叉。本书借鉴了尼克松的“缓慢暴力”概念和伊赫卡的“亲近”美学，探讨了这些作者如何揭示环境退化的长期、往往是无形的影响，以及人类与自然世界之间的亲密关系。研究结果表明，这些小说将景观重新定位为植根于土著生态伦理和社区价值观的文化和道德空间。这两部小说都挑战了殖民时期对非洲“野蛮”或“未开化”的描绘，而是将自然描绘成集体记忆、文化认同和可持续存在的组成部分。通过这一生态批判的视角，作者批判了殖民主义带来的持久的生态后果，并倡导以土著环境知识为基础，与环境建立可持续的、以人为本的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular insights into physiological impact of micro- and nano-plastics on the digestive system and gut-brain axis 微观和纳米塑料对消化系统和肠脑轴的生理影响的分子见解。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110473

Yuvika , Deepansh Sharma , Ashima Sharma

Microplastics (MPs) and Nanoplastics (NPs) represent an alarming and persistent threat to global human health, owing to their resilience and ubiquity in the environment. Ingestion via contaminated food and water is the primary exposure route, resulting in the accumulation of MNPs in key organs such as the gastrointestinal tract (GI), liver, and pancreas, highlighting the urgent need to understand their potential cumulative and systemic effects. This review critically evaluates recent molecular-level insights into the physiological impacts of MNPs, with particular emphasis on the GI system and the intricate gut-brain axis.

MNPs induce cellular toxicity through oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction, which activate inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Accumulation in the GI tract causes gut microbiota dysbiosis and a compromised intestinal barrier, and translocates systemically to the liver and pancreas, leading to hepatotoxicity, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation.

Crucially, the disruption of the gut barrier facilitates MNPs access to the central nervous system (CNS) via the gut-brain axis, leading to a breach of the Blood-Brain Barrier. CNS-accumulated MNPs induce neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity, accelerating neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and multiple sclerosis.

This review elucidates the complex mechanisms and highlights significant gaps in understanding MNPs risks, which are currently limited by the use of short-term animal and in vitro models, as well as a lack of precise human data. Future research should prioritize the development of standardized quantification techniques and advanced tracking methods to accurately assess the biodistribution, metabolism, and long-term health effects of MNPs. This approach will facilitate the development of targeted therapeutic interventions and preventive measures.

微塑料和纳米塑料由于其复原力和在环境中无处不在，对全球人类健康构成了令人震惊的持续威胁。通过受污染的食物和水摄入是主要的暴露途径，导致MNPs在胃肠道（GI）、肝脏和胰腺等关键器官中积累，因此迫切需要了解其潜在的累积和全身效应。这篇综述批判性地评估了最近对MNPs生理影响的分子水平见解，特别强调了GI系统和复杂的肠-脑轴。MNPs通过氧化应激（OS）和线粒体功能障碍诱导细胞毒性，激活炎症和凋亡途径。在胃肠道的积累导致肠道菌群失调和肠道屏障受损，并全身转运到肝脏和胰腺，导致肝毒性、胰岛素抵抗和慢性炎症。至关重要的是，肠道屏障的破坏促进了MNPs通过肠-脑轴进入中枢神经系统（CNS），导致血脑屏障的破坏。cns积累的MNPs诱导神经炎症和神经毒性，加速神经退行性疾病，如帕金森病、阿尔茨海默病和多发性硬化症。这篇综述阐明了复杂的机制，并强调了在理解MNPs风险方面的重大差距，目前受限于短期动物和体外模型的使用，以及缺乏精确的人体数据。未来的研究应优先发展标准化的量化技术和先进的跟踪方法，以准确评估MNPs的生物分布、代谢和长期健康影响。这种方法将促进有针对性的治疗干预和预防措施的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Perceiving agricultural heritage: How landscape attributes shape visual preferences—A case study in Iran 感知农业遗产：景观属性如何塑造视觉偏好——以伊朗为例

IF 9.2 1区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY

Landscape and Urban Planning

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105612

Atefeh Ansari, Mehri Motaharirad

In the context of significant agricultural landscape changes, understanding public visual preferences is essential for landscape planning and conservation of these historical landscapes. This study evaluated the impact of landscape attributes on visual perceptions of historic agricultural landscapes in semi-arid regions, exemplified by the Isfahan Plain in Iran. Using linear mixed models, we investigated how ratings of pleasantness and the visual concepts from the framework developed by Tveit, Ode, and Fry (2006) —stewardship, coherence, disturbance, visual scale, imageability, complexity, and naturalness— were affected by landscape attributes and socio-demographic factors. Results indicate that physical attributes mainly shape visual evaluations, with moderate vegetation and traditional features such as earthen boundaries and dovecotes receiving the highest appreciation. Individual experience with agriculture and exposure to dovecotes also positively influenced perceptions, while demographic variables such as gender or residence in the Isfahan Plain showed limited impact. The findings highlight the importance of preserving traditional landscape elements and suggest that promoting public awareness and experiential engagement can support sustainable management and conservation of these heritage landscapes, informing policies for landscape planning and heritage preservation in similar arid and semi-arid regions.

在农业景观发生重大变化的背景下，了解公众的视觉偏好对景观规划和保护这些历史景观至关重要。本研究以伊朗伊斯法罕平原为例，评估了景观属性对半干旱区历史农业景观视觉感知的影响。使用线性混合模型，我们研究了由Tveit、Ode和Fry（2006）开发的框架中的愉悦度评级和视觉概念（管理、连贯性、干扰、视觉尺度、可想象性、复杂性和自然性）如何受到景观属性和社会人口因素的影响。结果表明：物理属性主要影响视觉评价，适度植被和土界、鸽巢等传统特征获得最高评价；农业方面的个人经验和接触鸽舍也对看法产生积极影响，而性别或伊斯法罕平原居住地等人口统计变量的影响有限。研究结果强调了保护传统景观元素的重要性，并建议提高公众意识和体验参与可以支持这些遗产景观的可持续管理和保护，为类似干旱和半干旱地区的景观规划和遗产保护政策提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal and environmental determinants of African elephant (Loxodonta africana) movement in the W-Arly-Pendjari complex W-Arly-Pendjari复合体中非洲象（Loxodonta africana）运动的季节和环境决定因素

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127225

Hugues A. Akpona , Stanislas Mahussi Gandaho , Charlemagne D.S.J. Gbemavo , Georges Nobime , Barthélémy Kassa , Chabi A.M.S. Djagoun

Seasonal and environmental drivers shape African elephant (Loxodonta africana) movement, influencing home range dynamics, resource use, and mobility patterns. Understanding elephant spatial ecology is vital for conservation planning, particularly in regions affected by increasing insecurity. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of seasonal home range variation, displacement behaviour, and environmental influences on African elephants in the transboundary W-Arly-Pendjari (WAP) Complex of West Africa. Using GPS telemetry data from 22 elephants (7 males, 15 females) tracked between 2019 and 2024, we applied a-LoCoH methods to estimate utilization distributions across 50% to 95% isopleths and linear regression to assess environmental factors influencing displacement. Male elephants had slightly larger home ranges in the dry season (95% isopleth: 1064 km²) than wet season (988 km²), while females showed the opposite trend (dry: 1066 km², wet: 1098 km²), though seasonal differences were not significant. Across all sex-season combinations, home range overlap was highest among females during the wet season (mean = 190.0 km²) and lowest among males during the dry season (mean = 84.0 km²), reflecting strong female cohesion and male spatial segregation. Males showed significantly greater displacement in the dry season (296 km) than wet season (252 km), while female displacement showed no seasonal variation. Environmental modelling showed that elephant movement increased farther from conflict zones and rivers, and closer to water points. These findings demonstrate that both ecological resources and anthropogenic pressures shape elephant movement patterns in sex-specific ways, informing transboundary conservation strategies in the WAP Complex.

季节和环境因素塑造了非洲象（Loxodonta africana）的运动，影响了栖息地动态、资源利用和移动模式。了解大象的空间生态对于保护规划至关重要，特别是在受不安全因素影响的地区。本研究首次全面分析了西非跨界W-Arly-Pendjari （WAP）群落中非洲象的季节性栖息地变化、迁移行为和环境影响。利用2019年至2024年间追踪的22头大象（7头公象，15头母象）的GPS遥测数据，我们应用a-LoCoH方法估算了50%至95%等平面上的利用分布，并利用线性回归评估了影响位移的环境因素。旱季雄性象的活动范围（95%等线：1064 km2）略大于雨季（988 km2），而雌性象的活动范围则相反（干季：1066 km2，雨季：1098 km2），但季节差异不显著。在所有的性别-季节组合中，丰水季雌性栖息地重叠最多（平均为190.0 km2），旱季雄性栖息地重叠最少（平均为84.0 km2），反映了强烈的雌性凝聚力和雄性空间隔离。雄蚊在旱季的迁移量（296 km）显著大于湿季（252 km），雌蚊的迁移量无季节变化。环境模型显示，远离冲突地区和河流以及靠近水源的地方，大象的活动增加了。这些发现表明，生态资源和人为压力都以性别特异性的方式塑造了大象的运动模式，为WAP Complex的跨界保护策略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

Seasonal habitat use of the West-Pannonian great bustard (Otis tarda): insights from seven years of conservation practice in Central European agro-steppe habitats 西潘诺尼亚大鸨（Otis tarda）的季节性栖息地利用：来自中欧农业草原栖息地七年保护实践的见解

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127222

Soňa Svetlíková , Péter Spakovszky , Rainhard Raab , Maximilian Raab , Adam Šupčík , Ján Škrábal , Jochen Steindl , Hannah Böing , Ladislav Naďo , Jozef Ridzoň , Rainer Raab

The great bustard (Otis tarda) is a globally threatened farmland bird with variable population trends across Europe. While many populations are declining, the West-Pannonian population has increased, providing an opportunity to investigate species persistence in intensively cultivated landscapes. We examined seasonal habitat use of this population using Ecological Niche Factor Analysis (ENFA) on a seven-year dataset of systematic observations—the first ENFA application for the West-Pannonian great bustard population. This methodological framework allowed us to identify key ecological factors driving habitat selection, assess interannual consistency, and explore sex-specific differences. Our results indicate that agri-environmental scheme (AES) supported fallows and winter rapeseed are consistently selected and function as critical seasonal resources, whereas other habitat types are used only during certain periods of the season, but remain essential within the agricultural mosaic. Habitat preferences were largely similar between males and females, with minor seasonal differences. By linking habitat selection to measurable land-use features, our study provides a robust, evidence-based framework for guiding conservation management of great bustards. These findings demonstrate how targeted agri-environmental interventions can enhance habitat suitability and persistence of threatened farmland species, offering practical guidance for spatial planning and conservation strategies grounded in empirical habitat-use data.

大鸨（Otis tarda）是一种全球受威胁的农田鸟类，在欧洲各地的种群趋势不一。虽然许多种群数量正在下降，但西潘诺尼亚种群数量却在增加，这为研究集约化栽培景观中的物种持久性提供了机会。本文采用生态位因子分析（ENFA）方法对该种群的季节性生境利用进行了分析，这是首次将生态位因子分析应用于西潘诺尼亚大鸨种群。该方法框架使我们能够确定驱动栖息地选择的关键生态因素，评估年际一致性，并探索性别特异性差异。我们的研究结果表明，农业环境方案（AES）支持的休耕地和冬季油菜籽是持续选择的，并且是关键的季节性资源，而其他栖息地类型仅在季节的特定时期使用，但在农业马赛克中仍然必不可少。雄性和雌性对栖息地的偏好基本相似，季节性差异较小。通过将栖息地选择与可测量的土地利用特征联系起来，我们的研究为指导大鸨的保护管理提供了一个强有力的、基于证据的框架。这些发现表明，有针对性的农业环境干预措施可以增强受威胁农田物种的栖息地适宜性和持久性，为基于经验栖息地利用数据的空间规划和保护策略提供实用指导。

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引用次数: 0

Monthly incidence prediction of foodborne diseases: case study in Nanning City of China 南宁市食源性疾病月发病率预测研究

IF 4 4区环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Microbial Risk Analysis

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.mran.2026.100368

Peng Li , Liting Cen , Siyan Li , Jing Zhang , Qi Li , Xiangzhi Li , Hui Li

Objective

To construct an Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) multiplicative seasonal model for predicting the monthly incidence of foodborne diseases in Nanning City and provide a scientific basis for disease prevention and control strategies.

Methods

Monthly incidence data of foodborne diseases in Nanning City from January 2013 to December 2022 were used to develop an ARIMA multiplicative seasonal model with SPSS 23.0 software. The optimal model was selected through sequence stationarization, model identification, order determination, parameter estimation, and diagnostic checking. The model was validated using data from January to December 2023 (held-out set) and then used to forecast the monthly incidence for 2024–2025.

Results

The monthly incidence exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations. The optimal model was identified as ARIMA(1,0,0) × (0,1,1)₁₂, The optimal model was selected based on a combination of a high stationary R² (0.673), adherence to the principle of parsimony, and achieving the lowest Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC = 0.178) among candidate models. The model residuals passed the white noise test (Ljung-Box Q = 22.079, P = 0.141). The model’s out-of-sample performance on the 2023 validation set was assessed, yielding a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 2.65 cases per 100,000 population and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 29.7%. Predictions for 2024–2025 suggest a stable incidence level with seasonal peaks in the summer and autumn months, and no indication of a large-scale outbreak beyond historical patterns.

Conclusion

The ARIMA multiplicative seasonal model can capture the seasonal pattern of foodborne disease incidence in Nanning City. While short-term prediction accuracy is acceptable, the model's performance can be affected by anomalous data points. It serves as a useful tool for short-term early warning and seasonal resource planning in public health.

目的构建南宁市食源性疾病月发病率自回归综合移动平均（ARIMA）乘法季节预测模型，为疾病防控提供科学依据。方法利用2013年1月至2022年12月南宁市食源性疾病的月度发病数据，运用SPSS 23.0软件建立ARIMA乘法季节模型。通过序列平稳化、模型辨识、阶数确定、参数估计、诊断检查等步骤，优选出最优模型。该模型使用2023年1月至12月（hold out set）的数据进行验证，然后用于预测2024-2025年的月发病率。结果月发病率有明显的季节波动。将最优模型确定为ARIMA（1,0,0） ×（0,1,1）12，根据高平稳性R²（0.673）、遵守简约原则、贝叶斯信息准则（BIC = 0.178）在候选模型中达到最低的组合选择最优模型。模型残差通过白噪声检验（Ljung-Box Q = 22.079, P = 0.141）。该模型在2023年验证集上的样本外性能进行了评估，其均方根误差（RMSE）为每10万人口2.65例，平均绝对百分比误差（MAPE）为29.7%。对2024-2025年的预测表明，发病率水平稳定，夏季和秋季为季节性高峰，没有迹象表明会出现超出历史模式的大规模暴发。结论ARIMA乘法季节模型能较好地反映南宁市食源性疾病发病的季节规律。虽然短期预测精度是可以接受的，但模型的性能会受到异常数据点的影响。它是公共卫生领域短期预警和季节性资源规划的有用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Development of biodiversity prediction model for inland wetlands in Korea through Machine learning 利用机器学习开发韩国内陆湿地生物多样性预测模型

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127227

Myeong Heon Lee , Jae Geun Kim

Wetlands support exceptional biodiversity and vital ecosystem services but face accelerating loss and fragmentation worldwide. Predicting how biodiversity varies among wetlands and identifying its key environmental drivers are crucial for conservation, yet traditional approaches often struggle with spatial heterogeneity, data limitations, and the challenge of distinguishing among wetland types. Here, we combined high-resolution, field-delineated wetland boundaries with interpretable machine learning to model species richness and phylogenetic diversity across vascular plants, birds, and fish in all major inland wetland types in Korea. Our models, rigorously validated using spatial block cross-validation, identified the main environmental determinants of biodiversity at the scale of true wetland units. We then used model interpretation techniques to uncover nonlinearities and ecological thresholds in biodiversity–environment relationships. Our results reveal that vegetated area is a universal, dominant predictor across taxa and wetland types, but its effects are nonlinear, with clear saturation or optimum thresholds. Other drivers, such as hydrological stability and landscape composition, were context-dependent. These findings challenge the assumption that “more is always better,” instead highlighting system- and taxon-specific thresholds as effective targets for wetland conservation and restoration. By integrating interpretable machine learning with field-true spatial data, this study offers actionable benchmarks for monitoring, management, and policy, and offers a modeling framework applicable to wetland conservation efforts worldwide.

湿地支持着特殊的生物多样性和重要的生态系统服务，但在世界范围内面临着加速丧失和破碎化。预测湿地生物多样性如何变化并确定其关键环境驱动因素对于湿地保护至关重要，然而传统的方法经常受到空间异质性、数据局限性和区分湿地类型的挑战的困扰。在这里，我们将高分辨率、实地划定的湿地边界与可解释的机器学习相结合，模拟了韩国所有主要内陆湿地类型中维管植物、鸟类和鱼类的物种丰富度和系统发育多样性。我们的模型经过空间块交叉验证的严格验证，确定了真正湿地单元尺度上生物多样性的主要环境决定因素。然后，我们使用模型解释技术来揭示生物多样性-环境关系的非线性和生态阈值。研究结果表明，植被面积是一个普遍的、主导的预测因子，但其影响是非线性的，存在明显的饱和或最佳阈值。其他驱动因素，如水文稳定性和景观组成，则依赖于环境。这些发现挑战了“越多越好”的假设，而不是强调系统和分类群特定的阈值是湿地保护和恢复的有效目标。通过将可解释的机器学习与现场真实空间数据相结合，本研究为监测、管理和政策提供了可操作的基准，并提供了一个适用于全球湿地保护工作的建模框架。

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引用次数: 0

Evidence for potential critical windows of immune development in the marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) 海洋medaka （Oryzias melastigma）免疫发育潜在关键窗口的证据。

IF 4.3 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C-toxicology & Pharmacology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2026.110459

Elizabeth DiBona , Yuan Lu , Justin Elliot , Remi Labeille , Hussain Abdulla , Frauke Seemann

The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis suggests that environmental exposures during early immune development may trigger long-term immune pathologies. However, the timing of sensitive developmental windows in the innate immune system of vertebrates remains poorly defined. Here, we propose the marine medaka fish (Oryzias melastigma) as a model organism to define a molecular timeline for innate immune system maturation. To identify critical windows of immune development, we assessed both organismal resistance to bacterial infection and molecular markers of immune gene expression across developmental stages. Immune competence evaluation in embryos and larvae revealed distinct windows of vulnerability to bacterial challenge, suggesting dynamic immune regulation. 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2), a potent synthetic estrogen is known to affect both reproductive and immune function. Embryos and larvae were exposed to EE2 during three key periods (7–11 days post fertilization (dpf), 3–5 days post hatching (dph), and 12–19 dph) and subsequently challenged with a bacterial pathogen. EE2 exposure during the embryonic (7–11 dpf) and later larval (12–19 dph) periods significantly reduced pathogen resistance in a non-monotonic dose response manner, altered the expression of immune-related genes involved in protein synthesis and ribosome biogenesis and modified energy and amino acid metabolism. Altogether, this study underscores the importance of identifying sensitive periods in immune development when evaluating environmental risks and support the use of marine medaka as a relevant model for developmental immunotoxicity.

健康和疾病的发育起源假说表明，早期免疫发育期间的环境暴露可能引发长期的免疫病理。然而，脊椎动物先天免疫系统中敏感发育窗口的时间仍然不清楚。在这里，我们提出海洋medaka鱼（Oryzias melastigma）作为模式生物来定义先天免疫系统成熟的分子时间线。为了确定免疫发育的关键窗口，我们评估了不同发育阶段对细菌感染的机体抗性和免疫基因表达的分子标记。胚胎和幼虫的免疫能力评估显示出不同的细菌攻击脆弱性窗口，提示动态免疫调节。17α-炔雌醇（EE2）是一种强效的合成雌激素，已知可影响生殖和免疫功能。胚胎和幼虫在3个关键时期（受精后7-11 天（dpf）、孵化后3-5 天（dph）和12-19 dph）暴露于EE2，然后用细菌病原体攻毒。在胚胎期（7-11 dpf）和幼虫后期（12-19 dph）暴露EE2以非单调剂量反应方式显著降低了病原体抗性，改变了参与蛋白质合成和核糖体生物发生的免疫相关基因的表达，并改变了能量和氨基酸代谢。总之，这项研究强调了在评估环境风险时确定免疫发育敏感期的重要性，并支持将海洋medaka作为发育免疫毒性的相关模型。

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引用次数: 0

Impacts of anthropogenic activities on invertebrate communities in Dianchi Lake revealed by eDNA metabarcoding 人类活动对滇池无脊椎动物群落的影响

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学 Q2 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION

Journal for Nature Conservation

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2026.127245

Yuanyuan Lin , Jingge Xu , Shan Xu , Qianqian Xiang , Xiaohua Zhou , Liwei He , Gensen Yin

As environmental indicators, efficient and accurate monitoring of invertebrates is of great significance for providing references for water environment conservation, and environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding provides a useful tool for it. Dianchi Lake is a typical urban lake suffering from various anthropogenic activities in Kunming, Yunnan, China and the current characteristics of invertebrate communities are unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the spatial and seasonal patterns of invertebrates and the environmental stressors of Dianchi Lake. Based on eDNA metabarcoding, 452 ASVs of invertebrates belonging to Arthropoda, Cnidaria, Mollusca, Protozoa, Rotifera were identified in Dianchi Lake, with Diaphanosoma, Brachionus, Daphnia, Euchlanis, Mesocyclops, Macrothrix, Trichocerca and Chydorus being dominant genera. Distinct biodiversity patterns (e.g., ASVs number, dominant genera, relative abundances, Shannon-Wiener index) were exhibited between the dry and wet period. The spatial-seasonal heterogeneity of the relation between the invertebrate community patterns and environmental factors was observed in Dianchi Lake. The patterns of invertebrate community were closely related to environmental factors especially about NH₄⁺, conductivity (C), and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), which were closely associated with various environmental pressures brought by anthropogenic activities such as urbanization, industrial and agricultural activities. This study provides insights on conserving the diversity of invertebrate communities and the management of Dianchi Lake.

无脊椎动物作为环境指标，高效、准确的监测对水环境保护提供参考具有重要意义，环境DNA元条形码为其提供了有用的工具。滇池是云南昆明市典型的城市湖泊，受到各种人为活动的影响，目前无脊椎动物群落特征尚不清楚。为此，本研究对滇池无脊椎动物的空间和季节格局及环境压力因素进行了研究。基于eDNA元编码，共鉴定出节肢动物、刺胞动物、软体动物、原生动物、轮虫目等452种无脊椎动物asv，其中Diaphanosoma、Brachionus、Daphnia、Euchlanis、Mesocyclops、Macrothrix、Trichocerca和Chydorus为优势属。干湿期的生物多样性格局（asv数量、优势属、相对丰度、Shannon-Wiener指数）明显不同。研究了滇池无脊椎动物群落格局与环境因子关系的空间-季节异质性。无脊椎动物群落格局与环境因子密切相关，特别是NH4+、电导率(C)和叶绿素a (Chl-a)，它们与城市化、工农业活动等人为活动带来的各种环境压力密切相关。本研究为滇池无脊椎动物群落多样性保护和管理提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0