Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2026.2615248
Ibrahim Ayodeji Bello, Abdullahi Muhammad Vatsa, Hameed Adavize Momoh, Taiwo Abadunmi, A A Bello
This study investigates radon concentrations in groundwater from 20 locations in Iluagba, Kogi State, Nigeria, analyzed using a liquid scintillation counter. Radon levels ranged from 10.6-43.1 Bq/L (average 24.1 Bq/L). Although below the World Health Organisation (WHO) limit of 100 Bq/L, about 90 % exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) advisory level of 11.1 Bq/L, indicating potential long-term health risks. The annual effective dose (AED) was highest in infants (up to 163.5 µSv/y), with seven samples exceeding the WHO reference dose of 100 µSv/y. Excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) values for all age groups surpassed the USEPA safety threshold (1.0 × 10-⁴), identifying infants as the most vulnerable group. Organ-specific analysis showed the lungs received substantially higher doses than the stomach, confirming inhalation as the primary exposure route. While strong correlations (r ≈ 1.0) validated internal data consistency, the elevated radiological risk remains the key concern. Compared with other Nigerian regions, Iluagba exhibits moderate to high exposure levels. These findings underscore the need for targeted radon mitigation, community education, and routine groundwater monitoring to safeguard public health in Kogi State.
{"title":"Health risk assessment of radon exposure through drinking water in Iluagba, Kogi State, Nigeria.","authors":"Ibrahim Ayodeji Bello, Abdullahi Muhammad Vatsa, Hameed Adavize Momoh, Taiwo Abadunmi, A A Bello","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2026.2615248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2026.2615248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates radon concentrations in groundwater from 20 locations in Iluagba, Kogi State, Nigeria, analyzed using a liquid scintillation counter. Radon levels ranged from 10.6-43.1 Bq/L (average 24.1 Bq/L). Although below the World Health Organisation (WHO) limit of 100 Bq/L, about 90 % exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) advisory level of 11.1 Bq/L, indicating potential long-term health risks. The annual effective dose (AED) was highest in infants (up to 163.5 µSv/y), with seven samples exceeding the WHO reference dose of 100 µSv/y. Excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) values for all age groups surpassed the USEPA safety threshold (1.0 × 10<sup>-</sup>⁴), identifying infants as the most vulnerable group. Organ-specific analysis showed the lungs received substantially higher doses than the stomach, confirming inhalation as the primary exposure route. While strong correlations (<i>r</i> ≈ 1.0) validated internal data consistency, the elevated radiological risk remains the key concern. Compared with other Nigerian regions, Iluagba exhibits moderate to high exposure levels. These findings underscore the need for targeted radon mitigation, community education, and routine groundwater monitoring to safeguard public health in Kogi State.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2026.2617939
Abdul-Wali Ajlouni, Kholoud Kharisat, Mahmoud Kulab, Ahmed Qwasmeh, Naima Amrani, Zinab Matar, Hana Almarri, Khaled Ali
This study aims to determine the specific activity of natural uranium isotopes, including uranium-238 (238U), uranium-234 (234U), and uranium-235 (235U), in soil and vegetable samples - specifically tomato, potato, onion, carrot, and radish - collected from the Tafila district, Jordan, and to assess the soil-to-plant transfer factors using alpha spectrometry with a passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector. A total of eight soil samples and eight corresponding vegetable samples were obtained from eight distinct locations. The results revealed considerable spatial variability in uranium activity concentrations, reflecting the influence of geological formations and environmental conditions. The average activity concentrations were 251.6 ± 14.2 Bq/kg for 238U, 10.5 ± 1.9 Bq/kg for 235U, and 248.8 ± 13.9 Bq/kg for 234U in soil samples, while vegetable samples showed lower concentrations of 3.2 ± 0.16, 0.21 ± 0.05, and 3.1 ± 0.17 Bq/kg for 238U, 235U, and 234U, respectively. The calculated transfer factors ranged from 4.4 ± 0.4 × 10-3 to 29.1 ± 1.8 × 10-3 for 238U, 6.4 ± 1.4 × 10-3 to 33.0 ± 15.7 × 10-3 for 235U, and 4.3 ± 0.4 × 10-3 to 28.7 ± 1.9 × 10-3 for 234U, which reflects notable differences in uranium uptake efficiency among the studied plant species. A strong correlation (R2 = 0.99) was observed between 238U and 234U in both soil and vegetable samples, suggesting isotopic equilibrium through natural decay. These findings provide essential baseline data for future studies on uranium mobility, bioavailability, and potential radiological risks in agricultural systems within the Tafila District.
{"title":"Alpha spectrometric analysis and environmental assessment of uranium concentrations in soil and vegetation from the Tafila District, Jordan.","authors":"Abdul-Wali Ajlouni, Kholoud Kharisat, Mahmoud Kulab, Ahmed Qwasmeh, Naima Amrani, Zinab Matar, Hana Almarri, Khaled Ali","doi":"10.1080/10256016.2026.2617939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10256016.2026.2617939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to determine the specific activity of natural uranium isotopes, including uranium-238 (<sup>238</sup>U), uranium-234 (<sup>234</sup>U), and uranium-235 (<sup>235</sup>U), in soil and vegetable samples - specifically tomato, potato, onion, carrot, and radish - collected from the Tafila district, Jordan, and to assess the soil-to-plant transfer factors using alpha spectrometry with a passivated implanted planar silicon (PIPS) detector. A total of eight soil samples and eight corresponding vegetable samples were obtained from eight distinct locations. The results revealed considerable spatial variability in uranium activity concentrations, reflecting the influence of geological formations and environmental conditions. The average activity concentrations were 251.6 ± 14.2 Bq/kg for <sup>238</sup>U, 10.5 ± 1.9 Bq/kg for <sup>235</sup>U, and 248.8 ± 13.9 Bq/kg for <sup>234</sup>U in soil samples, while vegetable samples showed lower concentrations of 3.2 ± 0.16, 0.21 ± 0.05, and 3.1 ± 0.17 Bq/kg for <sup>238</sup>U, <sup>235</sup>U, and <sup>234</sup>U, respectively. The calculated transfer factors ranged from 4.4 ± 0.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> to 29.1 ± 1.8 × 10<sup>-3</sup> for <sup>238</sup>U, 6.4 ± 1.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> to 33.0 ± 15.7 × 10<sup>-3</sup> for <sup>235</sup>U, and 4.3 ± 0.4 × 10<sup>-3</sup> to 28.7 ± 1.9 × 10<sup>-3</sup> for <sup>234</sup>U, which reflects notable differences in uranium uptake efficiency among the studied plant species. A strong correlation (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.99) was observed between <sup>238</sup>U and <sup>234</sup>U in both soil and vegetable samples, suggesting isotopic equilibrium through natural decay. These findings provide essential baseline data for future studies on uranium mobility, bioavailability, and potential radiological risks in agricultural systems within the Tafila District.</p>","PeriodicalId":14597,"journal":{"name":"Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica McLean, Tommaso Jucker, Alice Rosen, Sean M. McMahon, Roberto Salguero‐Gómez
Forest disturbances are accelerating biodiversity loss and altering tree productivity worldwide. Post‐disturbance recovery time, a component of resilience, is critical for identifying vulnerable areas and targeting conservation but varies with environmental conditions. Monitoring recovery at scale requires tracking tree dynamics, yet traditional ground‐based approaches are resource‐intensive. We present a pipeline to parameterize integral projection models (IPMs) using LiDAR data and hyperspectral‐based species maps to assess post‐fire recovery across large, forested areas. Focusing on the fire‐adapted Picea mariana , we model passage times to reproductive heights and life expectancy under different fire regimes as indicators of recovery time. To do this, we combined hyperspectral‐based species maps and LiDAR‐based crown heights to track individual tree survival and growth at the Caribou‐Poker Creek Research Watershed (BONA) from 2017 to 2023. We incorporated fire history, aspect, slope, elevation and surrounding canopy height into our models and found partial support for their expected effects on survival and growth. Once accounting for topography and competition, we estimated passage times to reproductive maturity (11–22 years). Life expectancy in the absence of fire is shortest on North‐facing slopes with recent fire (581 years). Sensitivity analyses highlight fire history and aspect as key modulators of population resilience, with elevation exerting strong influence on life expectancy across all conditions. Our results demonstrate that remotely sensed IPMs can effectively quantify forest recovery at scale, revealing that in some contexts, stands of P. mariana may not recover between fire disturbances. We discuss the implications of these findings for advancing modelling of resilience and highlight both the challenges and opportunities of using LiDAR and hyperspectral data to build demographic models for forecasting forest dynamics.
{"title":"Hyperspectral species maps and LiDAR‐based structured population models show future forest fire frequency may compromise forest resilience","authors":"Jessica McLean, Tommaso Jucker, Alice Rosen, Sean M. McMahon, Roberto Salguero‐Gómez","doi":"10.1002/rse2.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rse2.70057","url":null,"abstract":"Forest disturbances are accelerating biodiversity loss and altering tree productivity worldwide. Post‐disturbance recovery time, a component of resilience, is critical for identifying vulnerable areas and targeting conservation but varies with environmental conditions. Monitoring recovery at scale requires tracking tree dynamics, yet traditional ground‐based approaches are resource‐intensive. We present a pipeline to parameterize integral projection models (IPMs) using LiDAR data and hyperspectral‐based species maps to assess post‐fire recovery across large, forested areas. Focusing on the fire‐adapted <jats:italic>Picea mariana</jats:italic> , we model passage times to reproductive heights and life expectancy under different fire regimes as indicators of recovery time. To do this, we combined hyperspectral‐based species maps and LiDAR‐based crown heights to track individual tree survival and growth at the Caribou‐Poker Creek Research Watershed (BONA) from 2017 to 2023. We incorporated fire history, aspect, slope, elevation and surrounding canopy height into our models and found partial support for their expected effects on survival and growth. Once accounting for topography and competition, we estimated passage times to reproductive maturity (11–22 years). Life expectancy in the absence of fire is shortest on North‐facing slopes with recent fire (581 years). Sensitivity analyses highlight fire history and aspect as key modulators of population resilience, with elevation exerting strong influence on life expectancy across all conditions. Our results demonstrate that remotely sensed IPMs can effectively quantify forest recovery at scale, revealing that in some contexts, stands of <jats:italic>P. mariana</jats:italic> may not recover between fire disturbances. We discuss the implications of these findings for advancing modelling of resilience and highlight both the challenges and opportunities of using LiDAR and hyperspectral data to build demographic models for forecasting forest dynamics.","PeriodicalId":21132,"journal":{"name":"Remote Sensing in Ecology and Conservation","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147728
Xiang Zheng, Zhaoping Zhong, Bo Zhang, Lihua Shen, Wei Wang, Renzhi Qi, Qihang Ye
During the fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel, enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), a byproduct rich in aromatic ring structures, is generated in substantial quantities. Currently, most EHL is directly combusted or co-fired in boilers, resulting in environmental pollution and resource wastage. In this study, EHL and polyolefin waste were co-pyrolyzed to produce bio-oil, which was subsequently upgraded via catalytic hydrogenation to obtain high-quality biofuel. Based on our own experimental data, three H2 supply strategies (designated as Case 1 to 3) were simulated to optimize biofuel production from the co-pyrolysis-derived bio-oil: Case 1 utilized commercially purchased H2, Case 2 employed H2 produced via natural gas reforming, and Case 3 utilized H2 generated through partial reforming of the bio-oil itself. The systems were comparatively analyzed through three complementary methodologies‒life cycle assessment, exergy analysis, and techno-economic assessment‒implemented using eBalance, Aspen Plus, and custom calculations, respectively. Results revealed that Case 3 achieved the lowest biofuel production cost ($0.026 MJ−1) along with the highest exergy efficiency (42.56%), whereas Case 1 demonstrated the lowest environmental impact. Sensitivity analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations identified critical variables related to feedstock characteristics and resource inputs. Multi-criteria analysis was performed by normalizing energy, environmental, and economic indicators. The comprehensive evaluation indexes (CEIs) were calculated by assigning equal weight to energy utilization, environmental impact, and biofuel cost. The resulting CEIs for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3 were 0.185, 0.231, and 0.172, respectively. The strategy of partial bio-oil reforming for H2 production in Case 3 demonstrates strong application potential.
{"title":"Catalytic co-pyrolysis-hydrogenation of lignin and polyolefin waste into biofuels: A comparative energy–environment–economy analysis of hydrogen sourcing strategies","authors":"Xiang Zheng, Zhaoping Zhong, Bo Zhang, Lihua Shen, Wei Wang, Renzhi Qi, Qihang Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.147728","url":null,"abstract":"During the fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel, enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL), a byproduct rich in aromatic ring structures, is generated in substantial quantities. Currently, most EHL is directly combusted or co-fired in boilers, resulting in environmental pollution and resource wastage. In this study, EHL and polyolefin waste were co-pyrolyzed to produce bio-oil, which was subsequently upgraded via catalytic hydrogenation to obtain high-quality biofuel. Based on our own experimental data, three H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> supply strategies (designated as Case 1 to 3) were simulated to optimize biofuel production from the co-pyrolysis-derived bio-oil: Case 1 utilized commercially purchased H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>, Case 2 employed H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> produced via natural gas reforming, and Case 3 utilized H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> generated through partial reforming of the bio-oil itself. The systems were comparatively analyzed through three complementary methodologies‒life cycle assessment, exergy analysis, and techno-economic assessment‒implemented using eBalance, Aspen Plus, and custom calculations, respectively. Results revealed that Case 3 achieved the lowest biofuel production cost ($0.026 MJ<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>) along with the highest exergy efficiency (42.56%), whereas Case 1 demonstrated the lowest environmental impact. Sensitivity analysis based on Monte Carlo simulations identified critical variables related to feedstock characteristics and resource inputs. Multi-criteria analysis was performed by normalizing energy, environmental, and economic indicators. The comprehensive evaluation indexes (CEIs) were calculated by assigning equal weight to energy utilization, environmental impact, and biofuel cost. The resulting CEIs for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3 were 0.185, 0.231, and 0.172, respectively. The strategy of partial bio-oil reforming for H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> production in Case 3 demonstrates strong application potential.","PeriodicalId":349,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cleaner Production","volume":"315 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141391
Hu Kai, Ding Hao, Wang Wei, Guo Rui, Chen Wei, Xu Hang
Tire microplastics (TMs), as a prominent environmental source of microplastic pollution, are aged and accumulated during their migration through drainage systems and sewage treatment facilities, most of which trapped in excess sludge. Consequently, this study systematically examines the concentration-dependent effects of TMs and aged TMs (ATMs) on anaerobic fermentation of excess sludge. Results showed that TMs and ATMs negatively affected acidogenic fermentation and organic matter hydrolysis. Low TMs concentration (0.002 g/g-VSS) and high ATMs concentration (0.2 g/g-VSS) resulted in concentration reductions of volatile fatty acids, soluble chemical oxygen demand, proteins, and polysaccharides ranged from 16.28% - 40.40% relative to the control group. In general, the detrimental effect demonstrated a positive correlation with ATM concentration. Conversely, low TMs concentration exerted a significant inhibitory impact compared with high concentration, which contradicted the hormetic effect. In response to TMs/ATMs stress, the microorganisms employed extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion as a defense mechanism, with pronounced variations examined in protein content within tightly bound EPS and polysaccharide content in loosely bound EPS. Comprehensive mechanistic analysis revealed that although the incorporation of TMs/ATMs into fermentation system improved electron transfer efficiency through elevating electron transport system activity and sludge conductivity, TMs demonstrated superior interspecies electron transfer (IET) enhancement compared to ATMs, coupled with material-dependent suppression of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacterial consortia, which potentially altering the acid generation and microbial dynamics. Overall, our study provides critical insights for optimizing TMs control in sludge treatment by leveraging their differential profiles toward IET and bacterial consortia.
{"title":"Comparative Effects of Raw and Aged Tire Microplastics on Anaerobic Fermentation of Excess Sludge","authors":"Hu Kai, Ding Hao, Wang Wei, Guo Rui, Chen Wei, Xu Hang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141391","url":null,"abstract":"Tire microplastics (TMs), as a prominent environmental source of microplastic pollution, are aged and accumulated during their migration through drainage systems and sewage treatment facilities, most of which trapped in excess sludge. Consequently, this study systematically examines the concentration-dependent effects of TMs and aged TMs (ATMs) on anaerobic fermentation of excess sludge. Results showed that TMs and ATMs negatively affected acidogenic fermentation and organic matter hydrolysis. Low TMs concentration (0.002<!-- --> <!-- -->g/g-VSS) and high ATMs concentration (0.2<!-- --> <!-- -->g/g-VSS) resulted in concentration reductions of volatile fatty acids, soluble chemical oxygen demand, proteins, and polysaccharides ranged from 16.28% - 40.40% relative to the control group. In general, the detrimental effect demonstrated a positive correlation with ATM concentration. Conversely, low TMs concentration exerted a significant inhibitory impact compared with high concentration, which contradicted the hormetic effect. In response to TMs/ATMs stress, the microorganisms employed extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion as a defense mechanism, with pronounced variations examined in protein content within tightly bound EPS and polysaccharide content in loosely bound EPS. Comprehensive mechanistic analysis revealed that although the incorporation of TMs/ATMs into fermentation system improved electron transfer efficiency through elevating electron transport system activity and sludge conductivity, TMs demonstrated superior interspecies electron transfer (IET) enhancement compared to ATMs, coupled with material-dependent suppression of hydrolytic and acidogenic bacterial consortia, which potentially altering the acid generation and microbial dynamics. Overall, our study provides critical insights for optimizing TMs control in sludge treatment by leveraging their differential profiles toward IET and bacterial consortia.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2026.125541
Mohsin Uddin, Jiale Xu
UV-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) is critical for wastewater recycling to control organic micropollutants (e.g., 1,4-dioxane) that remain in reverse osmosis permeates. Krypton chloride excimer lamp emitting at far-UVC 222 nm (UV222) is promising for water treatment. This study demonstrated that far-UVC light enhanced UV/NH2Cl compared with traditional low-pressure UV (LPUV) at 254 nm (UV254) for wastewater recycling. Its impacts on 1,4-dioxane (1,4-D) removal, radical steady-state concentrations, and DBP formation were assessed. A low fluence rate of 0.31 mW/cm2 was used due to fast photolysis of NH2Cl at 222 nm. UV222/NH2Cl at 50 mg Cl2/L exhibited a 1,4-D decay rate constant at 1.7 × 10-3 cm2/mJ, 17.2 times higher than UV254/NH2Cl. Far UVC at 222 nm also increased the direct photolysis rate of 1,4-D by 12-fold over LPUV. UV222/NH2Cl showed higher 1,4-D removal than UV222/NHCl2, followed by UV222/H2O2. Mechanistic investigation revealed that steady-state concentrations of •OH and Cl2•- from UV222/NH2Cl were 12 and 31 times higher than those from UV254/NH2Cl, respectively. Experiments using wastewater RO permeate, RO concentrate, and tap water showed that UV222/NH2Cl consistently achieved efficient control of 1,4-D even in complex matrices. UV222/NH2Cl exhibited slightly higher or similar risk compared with UV254/NH2Cl in generating precursors of disinfection byproducts. Overall, KrCl* excilamps-based AOP using NH2Cl provided efficient contaminant removal in wastewater recycling and merits further research.
{"title":"Far UVC (222 nm) Enhances Chloramine-Based Advanced Oxidation in Wastewater Recycling: 1,4-Dioxane Removal, Radical Generation, and DBP Formation","authors":"Mohsin Uddin, Jiale Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.watres.2026.125541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.125541","url":null,"abstract":"UV-based advanced oxidation process (AOP) is critical for wastewater recycling to control organic micropollutants (e.g., 1,4-dioxane) that remain in reverse osmosis permeates. Krypton chloride excimer lamp emitting at far-UVC 222 nm (UV<sub>222</sub>) is promising for water treatment. This study demonstrated that far-UVC light enhanced UV/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl compared with traditional low-pressure UV (LPUV) at 254 nm (UV<sub>254</sub>) for wastewater recycling. Its impacts on 1,4-dioxane (1,4-D) removal, radical steady-state concentrations, and DBP formation were assessed. A low fluence rate of 0.31 mW/cm<sup>2</sup> was used due to fast photolysis of NH<sub>2</sub>Cl at 222 nm. UV<sub>222</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl at 50 mg Cl<sub>2</sub>/L exhibited a 1,4-D decay rate constant at 1.7 × 10<sup>-3</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>/mJ, 17.2 times higher than UV<sub>254</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl. Far UVC at 222 nm also increased the direct photolysis rate of 1,4-D by 12-fold over LPUV. UV<sub>222</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl showed higher 1,4-D removal than UV<sub>222</sub>/NHCl<sub>2</sub>, followed by UV<sub>222</sub>/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Mechanistic investigation revealed that steady-state concentrations of <sup>•</sup>OH and Cl<sub>2</sub><sup>•-</sup> from UV<sub>222</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl were 12 and 31 times higher than those from UV<sub>254</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl, respectively. Experiments using wastewater RO permeate, RO concentrate, and tap water showed that UV<sub>222</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl consistently achieved efficient control of 1,4-D even in complex matrices. UV<sub>222</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl exhibited slightly higher or similar risk compared with UV<sub>254</sub>/NH<sub>2</sub>Cl in generating precursors of disinfection byproducts. Overall, KrCl* excilamps-based AOP using NH<sub>2</sub>Cl provided efficient contaminant removal in wastewater recycling and merits further research.","PeriodicalId":443,"journal":{"name":"Water Research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1007/s00128-026-04188-0
Rajib Majumder
{"title":"Effects of Cypermethrin on Opercular movements, Oxygen Consumption and Histopathology of Gills in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758).","authors":"Rajib Majumder","doi":"10.1007/s00128-026-04188-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00128-026-04188-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology","volume":"116 2","pages":"34"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1007/s10661-026-15011-y
Zinat Shahriyari, Narjes Okati, Vahid Rahdari
Coastal areas are among the sensitive habitats where, today, the pollution of microplastics (MPs) is a serious threat. This study aimed to assess MPs pollution in sediments of the Oman Sea coast in Chabahar with emphasis on urban-commercial and natural land uses. Sampling of sediments was carried out in June 2024 at 9 stations along the shoreline, taking into account the land use, and in a systematic random manner. The stages of digestion and extraction of MPs were carried out using NaCl and NaI. A binocular optical microscope was used to count MPs. The type of polymers was identified by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. The pH, EC, and soil texture were also determined for the samples. The highest frequency of MPs was related to the commercial centers of Chabahar (161 numbers/100 g of sediment), and the lowest was in the mangrove forests of Guatr (6 numbers/100 g of sediment). The frequency of MPs showed a significant difference (p = 0.001) among the studied stations. The mean abundances of MPs were obtained as 71.6 ± 28.9 and 43.25 ± 25.1 in urban-commercial and natural land uses, respectively. The MP's abundance in stations with urban-commercial, and natural uses showed no significant difference (p = 0.15). The largest particle size was identified in the range of 20-500 µm at most of the study stations. The most common forms of MPs were fiber (66%) and fragment (62%) in urban-commercial and natural land use, respectively. Detected polymers and their frequency percentage in the study station were polyethylene (39-77%), polyamide (16-40%), and polyethylene terephthalate (0-43%). The abundance of MPs showed a significant negative correlation only with soil pH (p = 0.03; r = -0.40), and it was not significantly correlated with EC (p = 0.36) and soil texture (0.07). The potential ecological risk index (PERI) was obtained in the range of 5-228. The current risk of MP pollution along the coast of the Oman Sea in the Chabahar region at 33% of stations is at a moderate level. Thus, it is essential to manage plastic waste and reduce its consumption in this region to prevent its spread in the environment.
{"title":"Assessing microplastic pollution in coastal sediments of the Oman Sea: ecological risk and land-use linkages.","authors":"Zinat Shahriyari, Narjes Okati, Vahid Rahdari","doi":"10.1007/s10661-026-15011-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-026-15011-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal areas are among the sensitive habitats where, today, the pollution of microplastics (MPs) is a serious threat. This study aimed to assess MPs pollution in sediments of the Oman Sea coast in Chabahar with emphasis on urban-commercial and natural land uses. Sampling of sediments was carried out in June 2024 at 9 stations along the shoreline, taking into account the land use, and in a systematic random manner. The stages of digestion and extraction of MPs were carried out using NaCl and NaI. A binocular optical microscope was used to count MPs. The type of polymers was identified by the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer. The pH, EC, and soil texture were also determined for the samples. The highest frequency of MPs was related to the commercial centers of Chabahar (161 numbers/100 g of sediment), and the lowest was in the mangrove forests of Guatr (6 numbers/100 g of sediment). The frequency of MPs showed a significant difference (p = 0.001) among the studied stations. The mean abundances of MPs were obtained as 71.6 ± 28.9 and 43.25 ± 25.1 in urban-commercial and natural land uses, respectively. The MP's abundance in stations with urban-commercial, and natural uses showed no significant difference (p = 0.15). The largest particle size was identified in the range of 20-500 µm at most of the study stations. The most common forms of MPs were fiber (66%) and fragment (62%) in urban-commercial and natural land use, respectively. Detected polymers and their frequency percentage in the study station were polyethylene (39-77%), polyamide (16-40%), and polyethylene terephthalate (0-43%). The abundance of MPs showed a significant negative correlation only with soil pH (p = 0.03; r = -0.40), and it was not significantly correlated with EC (p = 0.36) and soil texture (0.07). The potential ecological risk index (PERI) was obtained in the range of 5-228. The current risk of MP pollution along the coast of the Oman Sea in the Chabahar region at 33% of stations is at a moderate level. Thus, it is essential to manage plastic waste and reduce its consumption in this region to prevent its spread in the environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"198 2","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-09DOI: 10.1007/s10653-026-03043-9
Nuodi Fu, Aijia Wang, Prashant Kumar, Shi-Jie Cao
Synthetic urban surfaces, such as synthetic tracks and artificial turf, are increasingly recognised as sources of airborne microplastic (AMP) emissions in school environments, raising environmental and public health concerns. Children face heightened vulnerability due to their physiology and activity patterns, yet research specifically addressing AMP generation, distribution, and child-specific health implications in school contexts remains limited. Additionally, AMPs can also carry hazardous substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and endocrine disruptors, posing combined health risks that remain largely overlooked in current child exposure assessments. This review synthesises evidence from 2015 to June 2025, highlighting mechanistic evidence linking inhaled AMPs to oxidative stress, inflammation, and systemic health effects, and underscoring children's enhanced susceptibility. It also critically evaluates existing knowledge on AMP emission mechanisms from synthetic sports surfaces, identifies distinctive environmental pathways and spatiotemporal distribution patterns within school settings, and addresses methodological limitations in current exposure monitoring and modelling frameworks. Drawing on recent regulatory developments, such as EU restrictions on intentionally added microplastics, this work outlines science-based strategies for targeted risk mapping, source control, maintenance practices, and child-centred environmental design in educational infrastructure. By shifting focus from predominantly urban- and traffic-oriented studies to the underexplored micro-scale of school campuses and synthetic sports surfaces, this review complements broader urban research while bridging key knowledge gaps, providing a foundation for future research, evidence-based policymaking, and practical measures to safeguard children's health.
{"title":"Airborne microplastic emissions from synthetic sports surfaces and associated health risks to children.","authors":"Nuodi Fu, Aijia Wang, Prashant Kumar, Shi-Jie Cao","doi":"10.1007/s10653-026-03043-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10653-026-03043-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic urban surfaces, such as synthetic tracks and artificial turf, are increasingly recognised as sources of airborne microplastic (AMP) emissions in school environments, raising environmental and public health concerns. Children face heightened vulnerability due to their physiology and activity patterns, yet research specifically addressing AMP generation, distribution, and child-specific health implications in school contexts remains limited. Additionally, AMPs can also carry hazardous substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and endocrine disruptors, posing combined health risks that remain largely overlooked in current child exposure assessments. This review synthesises evidence from 2015 to June 2025, highlighting mechanistic evidence linking inhaled AMPs to oxidative stress, inflammation, and systemic health effects, and underscoring children's enhanced susceptibility. It also critically evaluates existing knowledge on AMP emission mechanisms from synthetic sports surfaces, identifies distinctive environmental pathways and spatiotemporal distribution patterns within school settings, and addresses methodological limitations in current exposure monitoring and modelling frameworks. Drawing on recent regulatory developments, such as EU restrictions on intentionally added microplastics, this work outlines science-based strategies for targeted risk mapping, source control, maintenance practices, and child-centred environmental design in educational infrastructure. By shifting focus from predominantly urban- and traffic-oriented studies to the underexplored micro-scale of school campuses and synthetic sports surfaces, this review complements broader urban research while bridging key knowledge gaps, providing a foundation for future research, evidence-based policymaking, and practical measures to safeguard children's health.</p>","PeriodicalId":11759,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Geochemistry and Health","volume":"48 3","pages":"150"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146141592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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