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Aesthetic speed preferences when viewing dance synchronize to a ‘natural’ pace of human movement 观看舞蹈时的审美速度偏好与人类运动的“自然”速度同步。

IF 2.8 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Cognition

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2025.106421

Joan Danielle K. Ongchoco , David Melcher

The human body in motion is typically in service of everyday tasks — but it can also be aesthetically pleasing, as in dance. Is there a common property underlying how we perceive and appreciate human motion in both everyday and aesthetic contexts? Here we focus on one of the most basic features of motion: the speed at which it unfolds. In a ‘set-the-pace’ task, people adjusted the playback speed of a broad range of videos to what was “maximally pleasing” to them. This method revealed three distinct correlates of aesthetic speed preferences across multiple experiments and replications. First, when looking across genres, aesthetically pleasing speeds converged at a sweet spot of amount of motion, computed by a measure of optical flow: faster dances (e.g., Bollywood) were consistently slowed down, and slower dances (e.g., classical ballet or Chinese folk) were sped up. Second, aesthetic speed preferences were domain-specific: responses for dance videos were predicted only by responses for videos involving human (e.g., sports), but not non-human (e.g., object or animal) motion. Finally, what’s specific to aesthetic speed preferences for human motion? Separate sets of observers adjusted playback speeds to “where the dancer was maximally expressive” and to “the pace at which people naturally move”. Aesthetic speed preferences were highly correlated with both measures, but only “natural” pace ratings ultimately predicted unique variance above and beyond other factors. Thus, aesthetic speed preferences in dance may be tuned not just to the outward expressiveness of the dancer, but also to what we synchronize to, i.e., the pace at which we encounter human motion in everyday life.

运动中的人体通常是为日常工作服务的，但它也可以是审美上的愉悦，比如跳舞。在日常生活和审美环境中，我们如何感知和欣赏人体运动，是否存在一个共同的属性？在这里，我们关注运动的最基本特征之一：运动展开的速度。在“设定节奏”的任务中，人们将大量视频的播放速度调整到他们“最满意”的速度。这种方法在多个实验和重复中揭示了审美速度偏好的三个不同的相关性。首先，当观察不同类型的舞蹈时，通过测量光流计算得出，令人赏心悦目的速度会聚集在动作量的最佳点上：速度较快的舞蹈（如宝莱坞）会一直放慢，而速度较慢的舞蹈（如古典芭蕾或中国民间舞蹈）会加快。其次，审美速度偏好是特定领域的：对舞蹈视频的反应只能通过对涉及人类（如运动）的视频的反应来预测，而不是非人类（如物体或动物）运动的视频。最后，人类运动的审美速度偏好有什么特殊之处？另一组观察者将回放速度调整到“舞者最具表现力的地方”和“人们自然移动的速度”。审美速度偏好与这两种测量方法高度相关，但只有“自然”速度评级最终预测了超越其他因素的独特差异。因此，舞蹈的审美速度偏好可能不仅取决于舞者的外在表现力，还取决于我们与之同步的速度，即我们在日常生活中遇到人类运动的速度。

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引用次数: 0

Relationships matter: What are we missing by treating sexual assault and intimate partner violence perpetration as separate phenomenon? 关系很重要：我们把性侵犯和亲密伴侣暴力作为不同的现象来对待，遗漏了什么？

IF 6.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Opinion in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2026.102268

Antonia Abbey, Dylan A. John, Jaxon Hart, Elise VanParis

Sexual assault and intimate partner violence occur at alarmingly high rates throughout the world. Each field has developed a large body of research devoted to understanding risk for perpetration. These literatures are largely siloed, although these acts frequently co-occur in people's lives. Many sexual assaults occur between people in committed relationships; however relationship status is not typically considered in data analyses or interpretation of the findings. Standard definitions of intimate partner violence include sexual violence; however, it is often not assessed or considered in data analyses and interpretation of findings. The purpose of this review is to highlight the opportunities for developing shared theories and measures with the expectation that they will allow for new insights into causes and solutions.

性侵犯和亲密伴侣暴力在世界各地的发生率高得惊人。每个领域都有大量的研究致力于了解犯罪的风险。这些文献在很大程度上是孤立的，尽管这些行为经常在人们的生活中共同发生。许多性侵犯发生在有忠诚关系的人之间；然而，在数据分析或结果解释中通常不考虑关系状态。亲密伴侣暴力的标准定义包括性暴力；然而，在数据分析和结果解释中往往没有评估或考虑到这一点。本综述的目的是强调发展共享理论和措施的机会，期望它们将允许对原因和解决方案有新的见解。

引用次数: 0

Pragmatic measurement of mechanisms: Does use of coping strategies mediate the effects of a teacher stress intervention? 机制的实用测量：应对策略的使用是否介导教师压力干预的效果？

IF 4.1 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of School Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2026.101561

Colleen Lloyd Eddy , Keith C. Herman , Francis L. Huang , Tanya Weigand , Sindhu Venkat , Carolyn Conway

Supporting teachers to cope with occupational stress is an important area of research. Many studies have examined the initial efficacy of teacher stress interventions; however, none have tested potential causal mechanisms. A previous study of a bibliotherapy teacher stress intervention based in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) revealed positive effects on stress, coping, depression, and anxiety (n = 52, Eddy et al., 2022). The purpose of the present study was to examine the use of coping strategies as a mediator of treatment effects in the previously reported randomized control trial study. Growth modeling analyses revealed that reported use of coping strategies increased throughout the course of the intervention with the slope favoring the treatment group (moderate growth treatment d = 0.43; and overall treatment effect of d = 0.88). Reported use of coping strategies mediated the intervention effects on stress (31% of the total treatment effect) and coping (69% of the total direct effect) but did not mediate the intervention effects on depression or anxiety. These findings suggest that participants' reported use of coping strategies led to immediate benefits of stress reduction and improved coping but were not associated with distal effects on depression and anxiety. Future teacher stress studies should consider including repeated measures of theory driven mechanisms to examine changes over time and hypothesized causal pathways to intervention effects.

支持教师应对职业压力是一个重要的研究领域。许多研究已经检验了教师压力干预的初步效果；然而，没有人测试过潜在的因果机制。先前一项基于认知行为疗法（CBT）的阅读疗法教师压力干预研究显示，对压力、应对、抑郁和焦虑有积极影响（n = 52, Eddy et al., 2022）。本研究的目的是在先前报道的随机对照试验研究中检验应对策略作为治疗效果的中介。生长模型分析显示，在整个干预过程中，报告的应对策略的使用增加，斜率有利于治疗组（中等生长治疗d = 0.43；总体治疗效果d = 0.88）。报告的应对策略的使用介导了对压力（占总治疗效果的31%）和应对（占总直接效果的69%）的干预效果，但没有介导对抑郁或焦虑的干预效果。这些发现表明，参与者报告的应对策略的使用带来了压力减轻和改善应对能力的直接好处，但与抑郁和焦虑的远端影响无关。未来的教师压力研究应考虑包括理论驱动机制的重复测量，以检查随时间的变化和干预效果的假设因果途径。

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引用次数: 0

Cross-linguistic zero-shot communication via ad-hoc pseudowords 通过特别的假词进行跨语言零射击交流

IF 2.8 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Cognition

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2026.106440

Fritz Günther , Aliona Petrenco , Daniele Gatti

In verbal communication, speakers must encode meanings into signs such as words. Within a given language community, the correspondence between word forms and meanings can become conventionalized. However, speakers from different language communities cannot rely on these shared conventions. Here, we investigate whether purely verbal communication using single words is still possible in such a context, enabled by generalized form-meaning mappings. In a pre-registered experiment, we presented Italian speakers with words and instructed them to come up with corresponding German translations. The resulting German-like pseudowords were then shown to German speakers, who were asked to guess the original words. Supporting our hypotheses, results showed that the German participants’ guesses were semantically closer to the original words than to randomly selected control words. These findings highlight the remarkable human ability to spontaneously create and interpret meaningful signals, even across language boundaries and without relying on an established mutually-known lexicon.

在言语交流中，说话者必须将意义编码成符号，如单词。在一个特定的语言群体中，词形和词义之间的对应关系可能变得约定俗成。然而，来自不同语言社区的使用者不能依赖这些共同的约定。在这里，我们研究了在这种情况下，通过广义的形式-意义映射，是否仍然可能使用单个单词进行纯粹的口头交流。在一个预先注册的实验中，我们向说意大利语的人展示一些单词，并指示他们想出相应的德语翻译。然后，研究人员将这些类似德语的假词展示给说德语的人看，让他们猜测这些假词的原意。支持我们的假设，结果表明，德国参与者的猜测在语义上更接近原始单词，而不是随机选择的对照单词。这些发现强调了人类自发创造和解释有意义的信号的非凡能力，即使跨越语言界限，也不依赖于既定的已知词汇。

引用次数: 0

Narcissistic admiration and rivalry predict social belonging differently: Moderating role of individualism–collectivism 自恋崇拜和竞争对社会归属的预测不同：个人主义-集体主义的调节作用

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113694

Wang Zheng , Yinqiu Zhao , Xiaohui Deng , Xiaoyu Li , Zhiyu Liu

A central challenge in psychology is to understand why some people feel deeply connected to others, whereas others struggle with social inclusion. This study investigated how narcissistic admiration and rivalry shape social belonging across cultures, drawing on the two-dimensional model of grandiose narcissism. Data came from 51,070 participants in 57 societies from the International Collaboration on the Social and Moral Psychology (ICSMPS) project. Multilevel analyses revealed that admiration consistently predicted stronger belonging, whereas rivalry predicted weaker belonging. Importantly, cultural values moderated these effects: rivalry's negative association with belonging was intensified in individualistic societies but reduced in collectivistic ones, while admiration's positive link remained stable across contexts. Relative weight analysis showed that admiration accounted for more variance than rivalry. These findings highlight that narcissism's social consequences depend not only on trait expression but also on cultural context, offering new insights into how personality and culture jointly shape a fundamental human need.

心理学的一个核心挑战是理解为什么有些人觉得与他人有很深的联系，而另一些人却难以融入社会。本研究利用浮夸型自恋的二维模型，调查了自恋崇拜和竞争如何在不同文化中塑造社会归属感。数据来自社会与道德心理学国际合作项目（ICSMPS）的57个社会的51,070名参与者。多层次分析显示，钦佩总是预示着更强的归属感，而竞争则预示着更弱的归属感。重要的是，文化价值观缓和了这些影响：竞争与归属感的负面联系在个人主义社会中得到加强，但在集体主义社会中有所减弱，而钦佩的积极联系在不同背景下保持稳定。相对权重分析表明，钦佩比竞争更能解释变异。这些发现强调，自恋的社会后果不仅取决于特征表达，还取决于文化背景，为人格和文化如何共同塑造人类的基本需求提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

(A)moral underpinnings of militant extremist thinking pattern: The role of moral foundations and Dark Tetrad （一）激进极端主义思维模式的道德基础：道德基础与黑暗四分体的作用

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113682

Marija V. Čolić , Janko Međedović

We investigated the association between the Militant Extremist Mindset (MEM)—a measure of radicalisation consisting of Proviolence (advocating ideological violence), Vile World (pessimistic worldview) and Divine Power (excusing violence on divine grounds)—and dark traits as (a)moral personal dispositions and moral foundations as a moral reasoning framework. In Study 1 (N = 309), low individualising foundations (care, fairness) predicted Proviolence and Divine Power. High binding foundations (loyalty, authority, purity) predicted Divine Power and the Vile World. In Study 2 (N = 540), binding foundations positively predicted all MEM components. Individualising foundations negatively predicted Proviolence and Divine Power, but positively predicted the Vile World. Dark traits predicted MEM directly and via moral foundations. Sadism was the most important for understanding Proviolence and Divine Power (via low individualising foundations), while Machiavellianism predicted the Vile World (via high binding foundations). Our study confirms the importance of dark traits in understanding radicalisation and highlights that endorsing and excusing ideological violence is linked to a disregard for individual wellbeing (associated with sadistic tendencies), and to an endorsement of group-level morality (associated with a tendency for strategic manipulation). The heterogeneity of the Vile World in terms of moral thinking frameworks should be explored in further studies.

我们调查了好战极端主义心态（MEM）——激进化的衡量标准，包括亲暴力（提倡意识形态暴力）、邪恶世界（悲观世界观）和神圣力量（以神圣的理由为暴力辩护）——和黑暗特质之间的联系(a)道德个人倾向和道德基础（作为道德推理框架）。在研究1 （N = 309）中，低个体化基础（关怀、公平）预测亲暴力和神圣力量。高约束基础（忠诚，权威，纯洁）预示着神圣的力量和邪恶的世界。在研究2 （N = 540）中，结合基础正预测所有MEM成分。个性化基础对“前暴力”和“神力”负向预测，对“邪恶世界”正向预测。黑暗特质直接或通过道德基础预测了MEM。施虐主义对于理解前暴力和神力是最重要的（通过低个体化基础），而马基雅维利主义预测了邪恶世界（通过高约束性基础）。我们的研究证实了黑暗特征在理解激进化中的重要性，并强调支持和原谅意识形态暴力与无视个人福祉（与虐待倾向有关）和支持群体道德（与战略操纵倾向有关）有关。卑劣世界在道德思维框架方面的异质性有待进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Trait procrastination and future time orientation: Multi-sample tests of the stress orientation hypothesis 特质拖延与未来时间取向：压力取向假说的多样本检验

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113683

Fuschia M. Sirois , Jameson K. Hirsch

Theory and research characterise habitual procrastination as a temporal trait that is associated with difficulties in mood regulation and future-oriented thinking. Yet the reason why trait procrastination is linked to thinking less about the future have not been fully investigated. Guided by the stress orientation hypothesis, the current study aimed to test the role of stress in the link between procrastination and future time orientation (FTO). Across 11 samples (Total N = 4193) we meta-analysed the unadjusted and adjusted (controlling for the contributions of stress) associations between procrastination and FTO, and tested the influence of demographic, methodological, and conceptual moderators. Consistent with theory, trait procrastination was significantly and negatively associated with FTO and stress, and stress was negatively associated with FTO. When the contribution of perceived stress was accounted for, the pooled effect size was reduced from medium-to-large-sized (r _avg = −0.373) to small-tomedium-sized (r _avg = −0.224), suggesting an explanatory role for stress. Both sets of effects were influenced by the FTO measure and the proportion of females in the sample. These findings provide robust evidence that the stress associated with chronically procrastinating contributes to difficulties with future-oriented thinking, suggesting that stress management may have benefits for FTO.

理论和研究将习惯性拖延症描述为一种与情绪调节困难和面向未来的思维有关的时间特征。然而，为什么特质拖延症与少考虑未来有关的原因还没有得到充分的调查。在压力取向假说的指导下，本研究旨在检验压力在拖延与未来时间取向（FTO）之间的关系中的作用。在11个样本（总N = 4193）中，我们对拖延症和FTO之间未经调整和调整（控制压力的贡献）的关联进行了meta分析，并测试了人口统计学、方法和概念调节因子的影响。与理论一致，特质拖延与FTO和压力呈显著负相关，压力与FTO呈显著负相关。当考虑到感知压力的贡献时，汇总效应大小从中型到大型（r avg =−0.373）减小到中小型（r avg =−0.224），表明压力有解释作用。两组效应都受到FTO测量和样本中女性比例的影响。这些发现提供了强有力的证据，表明长期拖延症带来的压力会导致未来导向思维的困难，这表明压力管理可能对FTO有好处。

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引用次数: 0

The nocebo effect in psychotherapy 心理治疗中的反安慰剂效应

IF 6.9 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Current Opinion in Psychology

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2026.102274

Andrea W.M. Evers

The nocebo effect, negative treatment outcomes arising from patient expectations, therapeutic context, or clinician communication, plays a possibly significant yet often under-estimated role in psychotherapy. Drawing on recent empirical and theoretical contributions, possible mechanisms how nocebo effects occur and can be attenuated in psychotherapeutic practice are discussed. Nocebo effects may arise from therapist communication, previous treatment failures, adverse therapeutic dynamics, poorly managed expectations, social influences outside the therapy, or context-factor elements such as waiting lists. Strategies for mitigating such effects include, for example, empathic engagement, expectation management, and reconditioning of previous negative treatment experiences in clinical settings.

反安慰剂效应，即由患者期望、治疗环境或临床医生沟通引起的负面治疗结果，在心理治疗中可能发挥着重要但往往被低估的作用。借鉴最近的经验和理论贡献，可能的机制，如何反安慰剂效应发生和可以在心理治疗实践中减弱讨论。反安慰剂效应可能来自治疗师的沟通、先前的治疗失败、不良的治疗动态、管理不善的期望、治疗外的社会影响或诸如等候名单等环境因素。减轻这种影响的策略包括，例如，共情参与，期望管理，以及在临床环境中对以前的负面治疗经历进行修复。

引用次数: 0

More than just agreement: Children's developing understanding that the power of consensus stems from independent experiences 不仅仅是达成共识：孩子们逐渐认识到共识的力量源于独立的经验

IF 2.8 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Cognition

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2026.106456

Karen C. Levush , Mary DePascale , Jenna Alton , Lucas Payne Butler

Children and adults alike tend to rely on majority opinion to decide what is true. However, in many circumstances we are faced with contradictory explanations for phenomena, each shared by different consensus groups, with little knowledge about how each group's opinion was formed to help guide our decision. When a phenomenon has multiple competing explanations—such as why a species exhibits an unusual behavior or what caused a historical event—we must evaluate not only what different groups believe, but why those groups have come to different conclusions. In such cases, we may need to rely on what we know about the consensus group members themselves, including their social identities and relations with one another. Here we present three studies (N = 288 5- to 9-year-old children, 84 adults) investigating how children use the social composition of consensus groups (homogenous vs. diverse social group membership; distant vs. close proximity) to select which consensus explanation to seek, whether this varies as a function of the type of explanation sought (natural vs. cultural phenomena), and how children reason about these decisions. Our findings suggest increasing sophistication across childhood, with children increasingly coming to understand how social composition indicates more or less independent experiences leading to individuals' shared beliefs. This research provides preliminary insight into how children come to develop an increasing appreciation for the epistemic implications of social relations between consensus members, as reflected both by their choices of whose testimony to seek out and their explicit justification for those choices.

儿童和成人都倾向于依靠多数人的意见来决定什么是真的。然而，在许多情况下，我们面临着对现象的相互矛盾的解释，每个解释都有不同的共识群体，我们几乎不知道每个群体的意见是如何形成的，以帮助指导我们的决定。当一种现象有多种相互竞争的解释时——比如为什么一个物种表现出一种不寻常的行为，或者是什么导致了一个历史事件——我们不仅要评估不同群体的观点，还要评估为什么这些群体会得出不同的结论。在这种情况下，我们可能需要依靠我们对共识群体成员本身的了解，包括他们的社会身份和彼此之间的关系。在这里，我们提出了三项研究（N = 288名5- 9岁儿童，84名成人），调查儿童如何使用共识群体的社会构成（同质与多样化的社会群体成员；远距离与近距离）来选择要寻求的共识解释，这是否随着所寻求的解释类型（自然现象与文化现象）的变化而变化，以及儿童如何对这些决定进行推理。我们的研究结果表明，随着孩子们越来越多地理解社会构成如何或多或少地表明导致个人共同信念的独立经历，他们的童年变得越来越复杂。这项研究提供了初步的见解，了解儿童是如何逐渐对共识成员之间的社会关系的认知含义产生越来越多的欣赏，这反映在他们选择寻求谁的证词以及他们对这些选择的明确理由上。

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引用次数: 0

Rational expectations and kinematic information in coordination games 协调博弈中的理性期望与运动学信息

IF 2.8 1区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL

Cognition

Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2026.106453

Martina Fanghella , Camilla F. Colombo , Fabio Aurelio D’Asaro , Maria Teresa Pascarelli , Guido Barchiesi , Marco Rabuffetti , Maurizio Ferrarin , Francesco Guala , Corrado Sinigaglia

Successful coordination often requires integrating strategic reasoning with real-time observations of others' actions, yet how humans resolve conflicts between these information sources remains unclear. This study aimed to fill this gap by examining how people coordinate in a strategic game when observing partial kinematic information from their partner's actions. Participants played a HI-LO game with a virtual partner, coordinating their payoff choices based on the initial portion (10–40% of movement length) of their partner's grasping movements toward an invisible large or small target. Hand movements were presented as schematic animations, with partners grasping targets linked to higher or lower payoffs across two configurations. Participants relied exclusively on kinematic cues from hand shape changes in maximum grip aperture to infer their partner's choices. We found that although participants typically favored the higher payoff in line with rational game-theoretic expectations, they revised these expectations whenever the partial kinematic cues suggested otherwise. When early grip aperture changes indicated the partner was reaching for a large target associated with a lower payoff, participants revised their preference for higher payoffs, achieving high coordination success. These findings show that people prioritize kinematic evidence about others' actions over abstract assumptions about rational payoff maximization. Even very early movement cues can shift beliefs about what a rational agent is likely to choose, highlighting the central role of action perception in strategic coordination.

成功的协调通常需要将战略推理与对他人行动的实时观察相结合，然而人类如何解决这些信息源之间的冲突仍不清楚。这项研究旨在填补这一空白，通过观察人们如何在战略博弈中协调他们的合作伙伴的行动的部分运动学信息。参与者与一个虚拟的伙伴玩一个HI-LO游戏，根据他们的伙伴对一个看不见的大目标或小目标的抓握动作的初始部分（10-40%的移动长度）来协调他们的回报选择。在两种构型中，手的动作以动画的形式呈现，参与者抓住的目标与更高或更低的回报有关。参与者完全依赖于手部形状变化的运动学线索来推断他们伴侣的选择。我们发现，尽管参与者通常倾向于符合理性博弈论预期的更高回报，但当部分运动线索暗示相反时，他们就会修改这些预期。当早期抓握孔径的变化表明合作伙伴正在接触与低回报相关的大目标时，参与者修改了他们对高回报的偏好，实现了高协调成功。这些发现表明，人们优先考虑他人行为的动态证据，而不是理性收益最大化的抽象假设。即使是非常早期的动作线索也会改变人们对理性行为者可能做出何种选择的看法，这凸显了行动感知在战略协调中的核心作用。

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