材料科学最新文献

{"title":"A numerical method to integrate duration-of-load and bacterial deterioration for long-standing timber piles","authors":"Changxi Yang,&nbsp;Ani Khaloian-Sarnaghi,&nbsp;Taoyi Yu,&nbsp;Jan-Willem van de Kuilen","doi":"10.1007/s00226-025-01652-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00226-025-01652-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The strength degradation resulting from duration-of-load (DOL) effect and bacterial decay poses significant challenges to historical timber piles. Many historical European cities still heavily rely on the infrastructure supported by their original timber foundations. A reliable modelling approach on the structural performance of timber piles is needed to avoid the economic loss caused by closing down infrastructure. In this work, we consider a simplified bacterial decay model and develop a numerical framework to integrate the decay model into a standard DOL model. Two approaches are proposed and compared: one considering the homogenised effect of bacterial decay over the entire cross section, and the other taking into account the localised failure accelerated by bacterial decay and applying stiffness reduction to allow stress redistribution. Although the homogenised failure criterion is found to potentially underestimate the effect of bacterial decay, both approaches are able to capture the designated decay pattern. Ultimately, there is a potential for future extension to more intricate loading conditions and decay patterns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":810,"journal":{"name":"Wood Science and Technology","volume":"59 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00226-025-01652-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triple-Layered Noncombustible PEO-Based Solid Electrolyte for Highly Safe Lithium-Metal Batteries (Small 14/2025)","authors":"Heesoo Lim,&nbsp;Munseok S. Chae,&nbsp;Hasan Jamal,&nbsp;Firoz Khan,&nbsp;Injun Jeon,&nbsp;Jongmin Kim,&nbsp;Jae Hyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/smll.202570110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202570110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Lithium-Metal Batteries</b></p><p>A triple-layered, noncombustible PEO-based solid electrolyte incorporating DBDPE and Zeolite Beta is demonstrated for use in highly safe lithium-metal batteries. The electrode-contacting layer employs a highly concentrated LiTFSI solid polymer electrolyte to enhance electrode compatibility, facilitate the free movement of Li cations, and improve Li-ion conductivity. More in article number 2406200, Jae Hyun Kim and co-workers.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"21 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/smll.202570110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical image analysis of WSe2 − thresholding for layer detection","authors":"Miah Abdullah Sahriar ,&nbsp;Abdul Hamid Rumman ,&nbsp;Ahammad Ullah ,&nbsp;Kaushik Barua ,&nbsp;Shohaib Ibne Monju ,&nbsp;Munim Shahriar Jawad ,&nbsp;Md. Atik Faisal ,&nbsp;Ridwan Radit Ahsan ,&nbsp;Houk Jang ,&nbsp;Saquib Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fast and reliable layer identification of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD), such as WSe_2, is essential to investigating their thickness-dependent electronic and optical properties. This article presents efficient optical image thresholding methodology designed to segment the mono, bi, and tri-layer regions of WSe₂ flakes mechanically exfoliated onto a SiO₂/Si substrate. The optical images were first preprocessed to exclude the background effect and analyzed using the pixel medians and interquartile ranges for fundamental color channels—red, green, and blue (RGB). The analysis of red channel pixel intensities yielded three distinct ranges, serving as thresholds for layer segmentation: monolayer (111.0–118.0), bilayer (103.0–110.0), and tri-layer (93.0–103.0). Similarly, thresholds were established for each color channel, facilitating a comparative study of the segmentation performances. The intersection-over-union (<span><math><mrow><mi>IoU</mi></mrow></math></span>) calculations revealed that the red and green channels demonstrated greater than 99 % and 90 % accuracy in differentiating each layer, respectively. This approach yields remarkable results without substantial data calibration that utilizes time-intensive heuristic techniques. Moreover, the proposed methodology offers the flexibility to compare performances across different color channels, expanding the applicability for other 2D material systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10650,"journal":{"name":"Computational Materials Science","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revealing Photo-electrochemical, Piezoelectric, and Ferroelectric Properties of γ-SnTe Monolayer via Density Functional Theory","authors":"Nguyen Hoang Linh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Xuan Dong ,&nbsp;Tran The Quang ,&nbsp;Dinh The Hung ,&nbsp;Do Van Truong","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were performed to explore the photo-electrochemical, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the <em>γ</em>-SnTe monolayer. The optimized structure is confirmed to be dynamically and mechanically stable, exhibiting isotropic elastic behavior with an elastic modulus of 18.92 N/m and a shear modulus of 7.56 N/m. Electronic band structure analysis reveals that the <em>γ</em>-SnTe monolayer is an indirect semiconductor with a band gap of 2.56 eV, and the separation between charge carriers is clearly observed, with an effective mass mobility of approximately 0.44 <em>m₀</em>. Under biaxial strain, the band states continuously shift, optimizing redox potentials for surface chemical reactions. The material also demonstrates high piezoelectric coefficients, enabling efficient conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy. Additionally, ferroelectricity is confirmed with a residual polarization of <em>P_z</em> = 5 pC/m and a low-energy switching barrier, making <em>γ</em>-SnTe highly suitable for low-power memory devices. These findings establish the <em>γ</em>-SnTe monolayer as a promising multifunctional material with potential applications in green energy technologies, electromechanical systems, and next-generation memory devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":10650,"journal":{"name":"Computational Materials Science","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113879"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic and magnetic phase transitions, optimized MAE/ TC, and high thermoelectric response in Y2NiIrO6: Strain effects","authors":"Usman Saeed ,&nbsp;A. Islam ,&nbsp;Bassem F. Felemban ,&nbsp;Hafiz Tauqeer Ali ,&nbsp;S. Nazir","doi":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.commatsci.2025.113880","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;We explore the biaxial ([110]) strain consequences on the distinct features of the pristine (prist.) Y&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;NiIrO&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; motif using &lt;em&gt;ab&lt;/em&gt;-&lt;em&gt;initio&lt;/em&gt; calculations. The anomalous &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;J&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; state of Ir&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, leads the system into a Mott-insulating (MI) state attaining an energy gap (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;E&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;g&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) of 0.21 eV with a ferrimagnetic (FiM) phase, which is ultimately caused by anti-ferromagnetic (AFM) coupling between the half-filled Ni&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;8&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and partially-filled Ir&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; orbitals, via oxygen 2&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;p&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; states. Remarkably, lattice thermal conductivity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;κ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) is computed utilizing the Slack model, which significantly lowers the figure of merit (ZT) from 0.75 (excluding &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;κ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) to 0.34 (including &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;κ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;L&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) at 300 K. Interestingly, a reasonable ZT of 0.58 is achieved above room temperature (500 K). Moreover, the computed partial spin moments (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) for the Ni&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and Ir&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; ions holding high spin and low spin states of S &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; are ＋ 1.67 and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;−&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;53&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;μ&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, respectively. The easy magnetic axis is determined to be the &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;b&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;-axis, which produces a significant magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) constant of &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;7&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;×&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;8&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; erg/cm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; keeping a Curie temperature (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;ms","PeriodicalId":10650,"journal":{"name":"Computational Materials Science","volume":"253 ","pages":"Article 113880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143807196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of post-weld heat treatment on the formability of aluminum to steel friction stir welded blanks","authors":"Muhamad Zulkhairi Rizlan,&nbsp;Ahmad Baharuddin Abdullah,&nbsp;Zuhailawati Hussain","doi":"10.1007/s12289-025-01898-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12289-025-01898-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Formability is the ability of a material to undergo plastic deformation without being damaged. In sheet metal forming, materials are known to experience deformation in biaxial stretch mode. In order to simulate the common failure strains in sheet metal forming process, numerous formability test methods can be used. A material’s formability can be altered in several ways, one of which is post-weld heat treatment. In this study, the effect of post-weld heat treatment on the formability of aluminum alloy 6061 and SAE1020 mild steel tailor welded blanks fabricated by friction stir welding was evaluated using limiting dome height test. It was found that the specimens which underwent post-weld heat treatment recorded a lower springback and higher value of plane strain, indicating a better formability. The improved formability is attributed to microstructural homogenization, defects elimination, residual stresses relieve and IMC layer growth control from the post-weld heat treatment process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":591,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Material Forming","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143809104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the Inherently Limited Electrochromic Redox Reactions via Integration with a Transparent Planar Heater","authors":"Jaewoo Park, Chankyoung Lee, Dooho Choi","doi":"10.1002/smll.202411929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202411929","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochromic devices (ECDs), offering dynamic control over light transmission, are widely adopted in various applications such as displays, automotive systems, and smart windows. However, the commercialization of ECDs is hindered by their slow electrochromic switching rates, particularly in low-temperature environments where reduced ion mobility severely limits ECD performance. This study addresses these limitations by combining a highly transparent ZnO/Ag/ZnO transparent heater (TH) with ECDs, creating integrated electrochromic devices (IECDs). The IECDs demonstrate marked improvements in response efficiency for both bleaching and coloring processes, particularly under sub-zero temperature conditions. For instance, at ≈17.9 °C, the heated IECDs achieve remarkable performance enhancements, with reaction rates increasing by 235.8% for bleaching and 54.7% for coloring compared to the unheated counterparts. In addition, the IECDs exhibit broader optical transmittance ranges compared to unheated ECDs, further emphasizing the superior performance and versatility. These findings highlight the capability of IECDs to maintain robust functionality across a wide range of environmental conditions, including sub-zero temperatures. By efficiently addressing the long-standing issue of slow electrochromic response rates, the proposed IECD approach offers a reliable solution, paving the way for high-performance ECDs in diverse applications such as automotive displays, smart windows, and energy-efficient building systems.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anion Injection in Dielectric Ecosystems to Construct Dual Built-in Electric Fields for Efficient Electromagnetic Response","authors":"Jing Lin, Huiliang Wen, Zhaobo Feng, Ruizhe Hu, Liping Wu, Chongbo Liu, Sen Lin, Yuhui Peng, Yifang Liu, Renchao Che","doi":"10.1002/adfm.202505381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202505381","url":null,"abstract":"Constructing built-in electric fields is a proven method to enhance dielectric loss mechanisms by amplifying interfacial polarization. However, a single built-in electric field is often insufficient for significantly improving electromagnetic (EM) polarization loss. To address this, dielectric ecosystems are developed utilizing an anion injection strategy to regulate work function differences. Through first-principles calculations, the directional transfer of space charges at multi-heterogeneous interfaces is visualized. The resulting work function differences spontaneously establish a dual built-in electric field (DBIEF) structure, which substantially enhances EM polarization loss and EM wave absorption capabilities. Furthermore, an equivalent circuit model elucidates the competition between polarization and conduction species in the EM loss mechanism. This competition results in exceptional EM wave absorption performance, achieving a minimum reflection loss (<i>RL_min</i>) of −58.71 dB and an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.92 GHz. Computer simulation technology demonstrates a maximum radar cross-section (RCS) reduction of 39.18 dB·m². Additionally, the unique hollow-truncated-pyramid metamaterial design exhibits high incidence angle insensitivity (60°) over 2–38 GHz, and significant broadband absorption across 2–40 GHz. This comprehensive work offers novel insights into the structural design of EM nanomaterials and introduces a new dielectric ecosystem to elucidate the DBIEF loss mechanism for efficient EM wave absorption.","PeriodicalId":112,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Functional Materials","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Synthesis of Cu3P to Achieve Low-Temperature and High Initial Coulombic Efficiency Sodium Ion Storage","authors":"Yiming Liu, Qingmin Hu, Qinhao Shi, Shengyu Zhao, Xinhong Hu, Wuliang Feng, Jiaqiang Xu, Jiujun Zhang, Yufeng Zhao","doi":"10.1002/aenm.202500723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202500723","url":null,"abstract":"Conversion-type transition metal phosphides (TMPs) are competitive anode materials to overcome the volumetric energy density limits of hard carbon for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the application of TMPs is generally constrained by their low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE), unsatisfied cycling stability and poor low-temperature (LT) performance. Herein, a green synthesis method is reported to prepare carbon quantum dots modified Cu₃P nanoparticles anchored on carbon fibers (CF@Cu₃P-CQDs) as anode for high-energy and LT SIBs. It is disclosed that such a structure enables good interface contact between electrodes/electrolytes, thus prompting the formation of a uniformly fine solid electrolyte interphase and hence a record-high ICE of 93% with a volumetric capacity of 1343 mAh·cm⁻³. Distribution of relaxation time analysis unveils that the rapid Na⁺ transfer between electrode/electrolyte interfaces and Na⁺ diffusion ability in CF@Cu₃P-CQDs underlies the main reason for its high-rate capability (369–101 mAh·g⁻¹ @0.1-50 C) and LT performance (368/350 mAh·g⁻¹ @ 0.1C under −20/−40 °C). Promisingly, the CF@Cu₃P-CQDs are directly used toward three cathode materials (namely P2-type Na_0.78Ni_0.31Mn_0.67Nb_0.02O₂, carbon coated Na₃V₂(PO₄)₃, and low-cost Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇) without pre-sodiation process to assemble full-cells. This work sheds light on the fundamental understanding of electron/ion transfer kinetics of TMPs during de/sodiation and lays a foundation for the practical application of TMPs.","PeriodicalId":111,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Energy Materials","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":27.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-Hierarchically Constructing Durable and Flame Retardant CNF/MXene/PDMS Composite Aerogels for Superhigh Electromagnetic Shielding Performance and Ultralow Thermal Conductivity","authors":"Yongqian Shi, Yanjun Zhu, Shan Liu, Libi Fu, Juntian Chen, Jiawen Liu, Longcheng Tang, Jiefeng Gao, Pingan Song","doi":"10.1002/smll.202500556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202500556","url":null,"abstract":"There is a significant increase in the demand for lightweight and compressible electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in various fields. Though MXene aerogels hold immense potential as EMI shielding materials, several shortcomings including poor water resistance, low mechanical robustness, easy oxidation, and high cost limits of their wide application. This work reported a novel strategy involving the co-assembly of MXene and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) through directional freezing and freeze-drying, followed by the capsulation-concreting of a thin layer of flame-retardant polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) onto the aerogel, to multi-hierarchically construct a series of high-performance CNF/MXene/PDMS composite aerogels. The lightweight CNF/MXene/PDMS/MPP-Zr@PDA composite aerogel achieved ultrahigh EMI shielding effectiveness of 96.8 dB (X-band) and utilization efficiency of 1713.27 dB g g⁻¹. Furthermore, the PDMS coating effectively imparted excellent compressibility and durability to the 3D scaffold, resulting in a compressive strength of 17.01 kPa for the composite aerogel, representing 199.5% increase compared to CNF aerogel. Additionally, the composite aerogel exhibited outstanding flame-retardant properties (54.6% reduction in heat release rate), ultralow thermal conductivity of 0.0530 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ and excellent hydrophobicity. Therefore, the durable and flame-retardant CNF/MXene/PDMS composite aerogels hold promising applications in EMI protection, thermal management, smart fire detection, and other specific fields.","PeriodicalId":228,"journal":{"name":"Small","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}